adverse reactions

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has revolutionized the treatment of advanced melanoma, with these agents significantly improving survival for patients with metastatic disease. With the increasing use of these agents, the number of adverse reactions secondary to their use has also increased. Sarcoidosis and sarcoid-like reactions are one such immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse event. We report a case of sarcoid-like granulomatous tumoral melanosis in a patient on the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor inhibitor pembrolizumab for metastatic melanoma...

PURPOSE: To evaluate abdominal ventral wound healing by using a specific biomaterial, a handmade polyamide surgical mesh. METHODS: A surgical incisional defect was made in ten rabbits to simulate a hernia in the ventral abdominal musculature. A polyamide surgical mesh was used in hernioplasty. They were monitored for surgical wound healing, and macroscopically and histologically evaluated at the end of the experiment. The polyamide surgical mesh did not cause foreign body reaction, pain, edema, or infection in the surgical site...

The present study is to compare the efficacy and adverse effects of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with endostar and IMRT combined with concurrent chemotherapy on locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).A total of 23 patients with stage III-IVa NPC were included in the present study, and randomly divided into experimental group (10 cases treated with IMRT + endostar) and control group (13 cases treated with IMRT + chemotherapy of cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum). Endostar was intravenously administered from the first day of IMRT...

GENERAL PURPOSE: To present an evaluation of a surfactant-containing polymeric membrane foam wound dressing for use on patients with chronic pilonidal sinus disease. TARGET AUDIENCE: This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care. LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES: After completing this continuing education activity, you should be able to:1...

BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin is used extensively, and its use for aesthetic indications in the lower face and neck is now becoming increasingly popular. It is the ideal alternative to surgical procedures for patients who are too young for facelift surgery or who are unwilling to take recuperation time. We review current approaches to BTX A treatment for horizontal neck lines. METHODS: Subjects were 20 women with an average age of 43 with mild to moderate horizontal neck lines but have had no treatment by BTX A for the past 3 months...

5-aminosalicylic acid has been reported to be able of inducing acute pancreatitis as an adverse reaction. However, in most case reports, rechallenge of the drug is missing; therefore, evidence is still needed to confirm its role in the clinical course of acute pancreatitis and its influence on the outcome. Here, we report a case of recurrent acute pancreatitis secondary to 5-aminosalicylic acid, with positive unintentional rechallenge. A systematic search of the literature was performed and 42 cases from 35 articles were summarized concerning the clinical course of 5-aminosalicylic acid induced acute pancreatitis...

INTRODUCTION: Antibiotics are considered the most commonly sold drugs in developing countries. In India, these drugs are very much accessible without a prescription. This irrational and misuse of antibiotics results not only in the emergence of resistance of bacterial strains but also leads to adverse reactions. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of antibiotics usage among dental patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study design: This study was a cross-sectional design; a prevalidated structured questionnaire comprising 24 questions was used...

Introduction: High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) to clopidogrel imparts an increased risk for ischemic events in adults with coronary artery disease. Platelet reactivity varies with ethnicity and is influenced by both clinical and genetic variables; however, no clopidogrel pharmacogenetic studies with Puerto Rican patients have been reported. Therefore, we sought to identify clinical and genetic determinants of on-treatment platelet reactivity in a cohort of Puerto Rican patients with cardiovascular disease...

Purpose: Adenomyosis has a negative impact on female fertility. GnRH agonist treatment can improve pregnancy outcomes in women with adenomyosis. However, the impact of GnRH agonist upon endometrium receptivity of patients with adenomyosis remains unclear. In this study, endometrial receptivity and pregnancy outcome were investigated using a mouse model of adenomyosis. Materials and methods: Adenomyosis was induced in 12 female ICR mice, neonatally treated with tamoxifen, while another six female mice (control group) received solvent only...

Cutaneous eruption is a common drug-adverse reaction, characterised by keratinocytes inflammation and apoptosis. Shuanghuanglian injeciton (SHLI) is a typical Chinese medicine injection, which is used to treat influenza. It has been reported that SHLI has the potential to induce cutaneous adverse eruptions. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. Since desmoglein 1 (DSG1) shows a crucial role in maintaining skin barrier function and cell susceptibility, we assume that DSG1 plays a critical role in the cutaneous eruptions induced by SHLI...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of sunitinib in recurrent or persistent clear cell ovarian cancer patients. METHODS: All patients had one or two prior regimens with measurable disease. Tumors were at least 50% clear cell histomorphology and negative for WT-1 antigen and estrogen receptor expression by immunohistochemistry. Sunitinib 50 mg per day for 4 weeks was administered in repeated 6-week cycles until disease progression or prohibitive toxicity...

OBJECTIVE: General practitioners (GPs) report little adverse drug reactions (ADR), although it is mandatory in France. The objective was to evaluate the satisfaction of the GPs who participated to a pharmacovigilance ADR declaration support network via a clinical research assistant (CRA) moving to their GP office in the French South-West region of Midi-Pyrénées. STUDY DESIGN: A satisfaction questionnaire was sent to the 59 active GPs of this network in November 2016...

To study the curative effects and safety for patients who adopt both gefitinib and platinum-based chemotherapy or only platinum-based chemotherapy in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, 80 EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma patients in stage IIIB/IV were divided into two groups. Half of them received both gefitinib and standard chemotherapy (group A), and the others (group B) received only standard chemotherapy. Overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and the related toxicities of both groups were recorded in order to take certain nursing measures for a variety of toxicities...

BACKGROUND: Given the growing use of off-label in pediatric practice, there is a growing interest on pharmacovigilance programs monitoring the occurrence of adverse drug reactions related to off-label drug prescription in childhood. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The results of a one-year program of pharmacovigilance issued in the Sicilian Region, Italy, are herein presented. The study involved 6 pediatric and neonatal centres and prospectively reviewed the prescriptions of 5,060 patients, who were stratified for age (newborn, infant, children, adolescents)...

Adverse drug reactions can cause considerable discomfort. They can be life-threatening in severe cases, requiring or prolonging hospitalization, impeding proper treatment, and increasing treatment costs considerably. Although the incidence of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) is low, they can be serious, have permanent sequelae, or lead to death. A recent pharmacogenomic study confirmed that genetic factors can predispose an individual to SCARs. Genetic markers enable not only elucidation of the pathogenesis of SCARs, but also screening of susceptible subjects...

Food allergy is an adverse reaction to otherwise harmless proteins in food. The disease is a major health problem of growing concern, affecting approximately 5-8% of young children and 2-4% of adults. No accepted strategy exists for prevention and treatment of food allergy, and strict avoidance of the offending food is presently the only viable management option. Living with food avoidance may have a huge impact on the quality of life of food allergic patients, with daily fear of serious or even fatal reactions...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes immune dysregulation, potentially affecting response to vaccines in infected persons. We investigated if unexpected adverse events (AEs) or unusual patterns of AEs after vaccination were reported among HIV-positive persons. We searched for domestic reports among HIV-positive persons to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) during 1990-2016. We analyzed reports by age group (<19 and ≥19 years), sex, serious or non-serious status, live vaccine type (live versus inactivated), AEs reported, and CD4 counts...

The ovonic threshold switch (OTS) based on the voltage snapback of amorphous chalcogenides possesses several desirable characteristics for passive memory array. Among the materials that can be used as OTS, GeSe has a strong glass-forming ability (~350°C crystallization temperature), with a simple binary composition. Described herein is a new method of depositing GeSe films through atomic layer deposition (ALD), in which HGeCl3 and [(CH3)3Si]2Se are used as Ge and Se precursors, respectively. The stoichiometric GeSe thin films were formed through a ligand exchange reaction between the two precursor molecules, without the adoption of an additional reaction gas, at low substrate temperatures ranging from 70 to 150°C...

BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural effusion is a common complication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, treatment options remain limited. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of sequential intrapleural therapy with lobaplatin and erythromycin for NSCLC-mediated malignant pleural effusion. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with NSCLC complicated with malignant pleural effusion were recruited for a prospective single-arm study from December 2014 to 2016; one patient dropped out...

Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease, almost as common in women as in men. Nonetheless, HF clinical presentation, prognosis, and aetiology vary by sex. This review summarizes the current state of sex-sensitive issues related to HF drugs included in treatment guidelines and suggests future directions for improved care. Heart failure presentation differs between female and male patients: females more often show with hypertensive aetiology and the preserved ejection fraction phenotype, while men more often show ischaemic aetiology and the reduced ejection fraction phenotype...