Tbi neuropsychology testing.

OBJECTIVE: Performance validity (PVTs) and symptom validity tests (SVTs) are necessary components of neuropsychological testing to identify suboptimal performances and response bias that may impact diagnosis and treatment. The current study examined the clinical and functional characteristics of veterans who failed PVTs and the relationship between PVT and SVT failures. METHOD: Five hundred and sixteen post-9/11 veterans participated in clinical interviews, neuropsychological testing, and several validity measures...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a type of acquired brain injury (ABI) that happens when a sudden, external, physical assault damages the brain. TBI can cause long-term cognitive impairments and other lifestyle changes that may affect psychological wellbeing. Among the psychological challenges people recovering from TBI often face is the subjective loss of their pre-injury identity. Quantitative and qualitative research suggests that spirituality can play a positive role in recovery from TBI, increasing the quality of life and overall mental health...

OBJECTIVES: (1) Examine the relationship between subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive functioning in combat veterans; and (2) evaluate conditional effects of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and deployment-related mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) within that relationship. METHOD: Combat veterans ( N  = 225, 86.22% male) completed a lifetime TBI interview, a structured interview assessing PTSD symptoms, a neuropsychological assessment battery, and a self-report measure of cognitive symptoms...

OBJECTIVE: Alexithymia, a deficit in identifying and describing feelings, is prevalent in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sometimes referred to as "emotional unawareness," we sought to investigate whether alexithymia after TBI was related to, or distinct from, impaired self-awareness (ISA) and whether the two predicted differentiable emotional and aggression profiles. Further, the mediating role of frontal system behaviors (disinhibition, dysexecutive function, apathy) was explored. METHOD: Participants with TBI ( N = 40) from diverse backgrounds completed self-report measures of alexithymia, emotional distress, aggression, and frontal system behaviors...

Executive functions (EF) were the critical neuropsychological functions linked to long-term adaptation. Given the heterogeneous prognosis trajectories of mild traumatic brain jury (mTBI), the mildest TBI may not always be benign in the chronic stage. The present study explored the long-term EF in patients with chronic complicated mTBI and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 15. Fifty patients with complicated mTBI and GCS scores of 15 and 35 control participants were recruited in this study. Medical records were retrospectively analyzed, and neuropsychological assessments and subjective measures examined the neuropsychological functions...

BACKGROUND: The substantial evidence that neural timing deficits are prevalent in developmental disorders, aging, and concussions resulting from a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is presented. OBJECTIVE: When these timing deficits are remediated using low-level movement-discrimination training, then high-level cognitive skills, including reading, attention, processing speed, problem solving, and working memory improve rapidly and effectively. METHODS: In addition to the substantial evidence published previously, new evidence based on a neural correlate, MagnetoEncephalography physiological recordings, on an adult dyslexic, and neuropsychological tests on this dyslexic subject and an older adult were measured before and after 8-weeks of contrast sensitivity-based left-right movement-discrimination exercises were completed...

OBJECTIVE: Neuropsychological assessment of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) patients presents challenges due to limited normative data, stigma, possible differential validity of measures, and limited access to healthcare. Additionally, differentiating traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is increasingly important for proper diagnosis and treatment of indigenous patients. This case study describes the use of comprehensive neuropsychological testing across two timepoints to assist with treatment planning...

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) presents with deficits in executive function (Krawczyk et al., 2019). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive neuromodulation treatment, may help improve cognitive outcomes. However, it remains unclear in which cognitive domains (Clark & Parasuraman, 2014; Donaldson et al., 2015). This study investigates executive function using the Spatial Working Memory subtest of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, a computerized card-matching task in which participants match up to 12 cards to matched pairs based on memory (CDC)...

OBJECTIVE: The ADLQ measures the ability to perform basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs). Several factors, including cognition, may play a role in someone's ability to perform ADLs. The purpose of this study was to understand how executive functioning (EF) impacts abilities measured by the ADLQ. METHOD: Data were retrospectively collected from a mixed sample of patients with cognitive impairment (MCI: 29; dementia: 34) who underwent neuropsychological evaluation at a private practice in the Portland, Oregon area (n = 63, mean age = 76...

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been associated with decreased performance in sustained attention tasks (Sinclair et al., 2013). Non-invasive neurostimulation techniques, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be utilized to improve cognitive outcomes, however there is uncertainty about which cognitive outcomes should be investigated (Clark & Parasuraman, 2014; Donaldson et al., 2015). The present study examines the observed enhancements in sustained attention related to rTMS administered to older adults with TBI...

OBJECTIVE: We examined contributions of socioeconomic status (SES) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) to change in language and white matter microstructure (WMM) during adolescence. METHOD: Data are from 11,876 youth with baseline assessment (T1) and 24-month follow-up (T2) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (general community sample). TBI data were from the parent-reported Ohio State TBI Identification Method. Language was measured using the NIH-toolbox picture-vocabulary test...

OBJECTIVE: Prior research has shown an association between performance validity testing (PVT) and symptom endorsement following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in Veterans. However, no studies have investigated associations between PVT and attribution of symptoms to mTBI. Therefore, we examined relationships between PVT, symptom endorsement, and symptom attribution in Veterans with mTBI history. METHOD: Participants included treatment-seeking Veterans (n = 37) with remote mTBI histories who were referred to a neuropsychological clinic at a VA Medical Center (91...

OBJECTIVE: The mechanisms for traumatic brain injury (TBI) being a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease is unclear, and whether mild TBI (mTBI) may relate to decreased neural circuit functioning in the prodromal phase is unknown. This study examined whether a history of mTBI was associated with lower functioning of neural circuits, measured with neuropsychological tasks, in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). METHOD: Twenty older adults (MAge = 71 years; 70% Male; 90% White) with aMCI were recruited to complete a detailed TBI interview and were classified based on the presence (mTBI+ n = 13) or absence (mTBI- n = 7) of past mTBI...

OBJECTIVE: A traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to impaired self-regulatory behaviors such as impulsivity, aggression, and poor decision making. It was hypothesized that childhood TBI would relate to higher impulsivity, aggression, and incarceration in adulthood. METHOD: The current study analyzes an archival dataset of 95 incarcerated men from a correctional facility. Composite scores were created for impulsivity self-report, impulsivity neurobehavioral, and aggression...

OBJECTIVE: Subjective post-concussive neurobehavioral symptoms do not often relate to objective cognitive assessment. This archival analysis aimed to characterize the relationship of subjective neurobehavioral symptoms to neuropsychological tests among military veterans and retired first responders with previous mild TBI (mTBI) presenting to an outpatient multidisciplinary program. METHODS: 51 patients (88% male; 82% White; 94% veteran), ages 25-68 (M = 43...

OBJECTIVE: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common among warfighters. Most have a full recovery but some have persistent cognitive complaints. Cognitive rehabilitation is the primary treatment; however, mTBI is highly co-morbid with depression and post-traumatic stress (PTS). This study investigated if high levels of mental health symptoms negatively impacted the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation. METHODS: 82 military personnel with at least one diagnosed mTBI and persistent cognitive complaints completed 4-6 weeks of cognitive rehabilitation...

OBJECTIVE: The long-term cognitive effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in military personnel remain unclear and need to be better understood. We assessed how cognitive performance was related to the remote history of TBI involving loss of consciousness (LOC) and blast injury (regardless of LOC) in veterans. METHOD: Veterans (N = 101; age 42.8 ± 10.5 years; 10 Females) with a self-reported history of TBI and persistent cognitive symptoms were recruited...

OBJECTIVE: We utilized a large sample of Veterans who had sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) during deployment to evaluate the additional impact of pre- and post-deployment TBI's on neurobehavioral symptoms. METHOD: Participants included 9934 Veterans (90.9% male; age: M = 34.5) diagnosed with TBI during the Veterans Health Administration's Comprehensive Traumatic Brain Injury Evaluation (CTBIE), a clinician-administered interview that includes an assessment of pre-, during-, and post-deployment TBI...

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess effects of posttraumatic growth (PTG) on ratings of current and predicted future functioning in adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (mod-sev TBI) and their family members. METHOD: Fifteen adults with mod-sev TBI (age 34.5; 4.1 yrs post), and a family member for each, rated current, and predicted 2-3-year future, satisfaction with physical, cognitive, and emotional recovery. All participants also completed the Neurobehavioral Functioning Inventory, and patients completed the Motivation for TBI Rehabilitation Questionnaire...

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between migraine and cognitive symptoms in Veterans is a complex issue, made more challenging by the high prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in this population. This study examined the relationship between migraine, TBI, and subjective cognitive function. METHOD: Participants included 338,217 Veterans enrolled in the Million Veteran Program who completed the Medical Outcomes Study Cognitive Functioning Scale Revised (MOS-Cog-R), a self-report measure of cognitive functioning...