Non allergic rhinitis

BACKGROUND: In humans, both basophils and dendritic cells (DCs) express the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). OBJECTIVE: To gain more insight in the relation between serum IgE levels and FcεRI expression and IgE binding by DCs and basophils in house dust mite (HDM) allergy and during subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). METHODS: We measured FcεRI, IgE and HDM allergen on DCs (conventional type 2 DCs, cDC2s; plasmacytoid dendritic cells, pDCs) and basophils by flow cytometry in 22 non-allergic versus 52 allergic subjects, and upon HDM SCIT in 28 allergic subjects...

The clinical distinction of chronic respiratory rhinitis appears to confirm the evo-devo theory of the three noses. The authors report two cases of advanced allergic rhinitis, in which chronic inflammation had induced a violaceous colour of the mucosa of the respiratory nose and a whitish polypoid appearance of the free edge of the middle turbinate. Nose and paranasal sinus CT scan revealed, beyond the virtual nasal cavities observed on nasal endoscopy and CT imaging, normal radiolucency or only minor opacities of the ethmoid (i...

BACKGROUND: Lifetime lung function is related to quality of life and longevity. Over the lifespan, individuals follow different lung function trajectories. Identification of these trajectories, their determinants, and outcomes is important, but no study has done this beyond the fourth decade. METHODS: We used six waves of the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS) to model lung function trajectories measured at 7, 13, 18, 45, 50, and 53 years. We analysed pre-bronchodilator FEV1 z-scores at the six timepoints using group-based trajectory modelling to identify distinct subgroups of individuals whose measurements followed a similar pattern over time...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the literature regarding the burden of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) in adolescents (10-19 years). DATA SOURCES: Searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Health Technology Assessment Database, and National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database for studies evaluating concepts of symptoms, quality of life (QOL), daily activities, sleep, examination performance, school absenteeism and presenteeism, and treatment burden in adolescents with AR or ARC...

Although nasal hyperreactivity (NHR) is a common feature in patients suffering from allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, it is widely neglected during history taking, underdiagnosed in the majority of patients with rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, not considered as an outcome parameter in clinical trials on novel treatments for rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, and no target for routine treatment. In contrast to the simple nature of diagnosing NHR by a history of nasal symptoms induced by non-specific exogenous and/or endogenous triggers, quantification is hardly performed in routine clinic given the lack of a simple tool for its diagnosis...

Objective: Characterization of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) reported by the immunoallergology department (IAD), Centro Hospitalar de São João (Porto), to the Northern Pharmacovigilance Centre (NPC). Methods: An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted, based in a spontaneous report system. Participants were all the patients from the IAD, with suspected ADR, reported to NPC by specialists after the study was completed. Results: Studied population had a median age of 41 years, with the predominance of the female gender (73...

Introduction  Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 40% of the population and results in nasal itching, congestion, sneezing, and clear rhinorrhea. Objectives  This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the clinical symptoms and in the level of serum interleukin (IL)-33 before and after pollen immunotherapy (IT) in patients with AR. Methods  The total symptom score and the levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IL-33 were determined in the serum of 10 non-allergic healthy controls and 45 patients with AR who were equally divided into 3 groups: GI (patients did not receive IT), GII (patients had received IT for 6 months) and GIII (patients had received IT for 2 years)...

Background: Bepotastine besilate ophthalmic solution (BBOS) 1.5% is a topical antihistamine for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis (AC). Allergic rhinitis and AC are common comorbid conditions. We explored the efficacy of BBOS 1.5% in alleviating nasal symptoms in an integrated analysis of two Phase III conjunctival allergen challenge (CAC) studies and a Phase IV environmental allergen study. Methods: In the Phase III trials, a CAC was performed 15 minutes, 8 hours, and 16 hours following ocular instillation of BBOS 1...

INTRODUCTION: NATESTO® testosterone nasal gel (TNG) is a liquid gel that is applied in the nose for the treatment of male hypogonadism. There is a reasonable concern that administration of TNG to patients with active rhinitis could modify absorption. Results from two clinical studies are reported wherein subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR) subjects are treated with TNG. METHODS: The 24-hour pharmacokinetics (PK) and relative bioavailability of serum total testosterone (sTT) from TNG (11 mg tid ) were determined using a phase 1 Latin-square design with 18 eugonadal AR subjects crossed over between asymptomatic, symptomatic-untreated, and symptomatic-treated (oxymetazoline) conditions...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of allergic diseases on the subjective well-being and life satisfaction of primary-school children. DESIGN: Population-based cohort. SETTING: Finnish sample of children ages 10 and 12 from the International Survey of Children's Well-Being. PARTICIPANTS: Nationally representative sample of 1947 school children. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Two different instruments to assess the child's own perception of well-being, the short version of the Student Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS) and the Brief Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS)...

BACKGROUND: Specific immunotherapy is the only causal treatment in respiratory allergy. Due to high treatment cost and possible severe side effects subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is not indicated in all patients. Nevertheless, reported treatment rates seem to be low. This study aims to analyze the effects of increasing treatment rates of SCIT in respiratory allergy in terms of costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). METHODS: A state-transition Markov model simulates the course of disease of patients with allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma and both diseases over 10 years including a symptom-free state and death...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the microbiological features in middle meatus samples from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and those without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and control subjects. METHODS: A total of 136 CRSwNP patients, 66 CRSsNP patients, and 49 control subjects who underwent endoscopic surgery in Beijing TongRen Hospital were enrolled between January 2014 and January 2016. Swab samples were obtained from the middle meatus during surgery and processed for the presence of aerobic and non-aerobic bacteria and fungi...

Background: Allergic and non-allergic rhinitis cause a lot of symptoms in everyday life. To decrease the burden more information of the preventable risk factors is needed. We assessed prevalence and risk factors for chronic nasal symptoms, exploring the effects of smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, exposure to occupational irritants, and their combinations. Methods: In 2016, a postal survey was conducted among a random population sample of 8000 adults in Helsinki, Finland with a 50...

Nasal cytology represents a useful, inexpensive and easy-to-apply diagnostic method to better detail the phenotypic characteristics of rhinitis. In fact, it allows to detect and quantify the cell population within the nasal mucosa at a given time. The technique involves sampling, processing and microscope reading. Sampling requires the collection of cells from the surface of nasal mucosa that is usually done by a sterile disposable curette. Samples should be collected from the middle portion of the inferior turbinate where the ratio ciliate/mucinous cells is expected to be well balanced...

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been proven to be safe and effective from an abundance of Western literature, but data from Asia is less complete. This review aims to examine the basic science, safety and efficacy of SLIT in Asian patients, and to determine future research needs in Asia. We performed a literature search on PUBMED, Scopus, and Cochrane Library database for articles on SLIT originating from Asian countries through Nov 2017. There were 18 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, of which 9 involved solely paediatric subjects...

BACKGROUND: With the rising prevalence of allergic rhinitis, the utility of indoor environmental management deserves increasing scrutiny. This research aims at evaluating the ability of air purifiers to be a therapy of allergic rhinitis. METHODS: 32 subjects (25±13.5 years old) diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were selected and HEPA air purifiers placed in their bedrooms for 4 months. Before the intervention and each month, dust samples were collected with a vacuum cleaner and the dust collector assessed for allergen content...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis affects surgical outcomes of open septorhinoplasty (OSR) and to examine whether OSR provides the same level of improvement in quality of life to patients with and without allergic rhinitis. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective evaluation of 646 patients who underwent open septorhinoplasty in a tertiary otolaryngology practice between 2008 and 2015. Preoperative and postoperative quality of life (QoL) measurement using the validated Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) Scale was performed on 307 patients meeting inclusion criteria...

OBJECTIVES: Rising trends in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) have been repeatedly linked to declining Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, mostly in retrospective studies. We aimed to prospectively evaluate this inverse association. METHODS: Prospective case-control study conducted in 23 centers. Children and adults naïve to eradication therapy for H. pylori were included. Cases were EoE patients, whereas controls were defined by esophageal symptoms and <5 eos/HPF on esophageal biopsies...

BACKGROUND: Endurance swimming exercises coupled to disinfection by-products exposure has been associated with increased airways dysfunction and neurogenic inflammation in elite swimmers. However, the impact of swimming pool exposure at a recreational level on autonomic activity has never been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how swimming pool attendance is influencing lung and autonomic function in school-aged children. METHODS: A total of 858 children enrolled a cross sectional survey...

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is mediated by many proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines as interleuhin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-35 (IL-35) respectively. We assessed the effect of allergen specific immunotherapy (IT) on the serum levels of IL-17 and IL-35 in patients with AR sensitive to house dust mites (HDMs). Twenty patients with AR sensitive to HDMs and ten healthy control subjects were included in the study. Sensitivity to HDMs was diagnosed by positive skin prick test. Patients were treated by cluster IT...