keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536629/association-of-premorbid-glp-1ra-and-sglt-2i-prescription-alone-and-in-combination-with-covid-19-severity
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Klara R Klein, Trine J Abrahamsen, Anna R Kahkoska, G Caleb Alexander, Christopher G Chute, Melissa Haendel, Stephanie S Hong, Hemalkumar Mehta, Richard Moffitt, Til Stürmer, Kajsa Kvist, John B Buse
INTRODUCTION: People with type 2 diabetes are at heightened risk for severe outcomes related to COVID-19 infection, including hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mortality. This study was designed to examine the impact of premorbid use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) monotherapy, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) monotherapy, and concomitant GLP1-RA/SGLT-2i therapy on the severity of outcomes in individuals with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection...
March 27, 2024: Diabetes Therapy: Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and related Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534765/antioxidant-glutathione-analogues-upf1-and-upf17-modulate-the-expression-of-enzymes-involved-in-the-pathophysiology-of-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingrid Oit-Wiscombe, Ursel Soomets, Alan Altraja
Increased oxidative stress (OS) and systemic inflammation are key players in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to clarify the effects of synthetic glutathione (GSH) analogue peptides UPF1 and UPF17 on the mRNA levels of enzymes involved in systemic inflammation and GSH metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AE-COPD) and stable COPD along with non-obstructive smokers and non-smokers. UPF1 and UPF17 increased the expression of enzymes involved in the formation of the antioxidant capacity: superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and the catalytic subunit of glutamyl-cysteine ligase (GCLC) in patients with AE-COPD and stable COPD, but also in non-obstructive smokers and non-smokers...
March 12, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533582/a-short-term-economic-evaluation-of-early-insulin-therapy-compared-to-oral-anti-diabetic-drugs-in-order-to-reduce-the-major-adverse-events-in-type-2-diabetes-patients-in-iran
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ramin Heshmat, Ali Darvishi, Ramin Abdi Dezfouli, Adeleh Nikkhah, Ramin Radmanesh, Elham Moslemi
OBJECTIVE: While there are some recommendations about early insulin therapy in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients, there is not sufficient evidence on this strategy's cost-effectiveness. This study compared early insulin therapy versus oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) for managing T2DMusing a cost-effectiveness analysis approach in Iran. METHODS: In this economic evaluation, a decision analytic model was designed. The target population was newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, and the study was carried out from the perspective of Iran's healthcare system with a one-year time horizon...
March 27, 2024: Current Medical Research and Opinion
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533289/screening-of-individuals-with-type-2-diabetes-on-anti-diabetic-agents-for-probable-hypoglycaemia-using-the-stanford-hypoglycemia-questionnaire-shq-in-outpatient-settings-a-cross-sectional-study-from-outpatient-diabetes-care-centres-in-north-india
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rajiv Awasthi, Arun K Pande, Kumar P Chandra, Vivek Agarwal, Mukulesh Gupta, Ajoy Tewari, Nitin Gupta, Santosh Chaubey, Sandeep Chaudhary, Sajid Ansari, Dinesh Kumar
INTRODUCTION: The study was aimed at identifying the incidence of unreported probable hypoglycaemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on anti-diabetic medications, using the screening Stanford Hypoglycemia Questionnaire (SHQ) in real-world situations. METHODS: It was a multicentre cross-sectional study on consecutive individuals attending 10 diabetes care centres in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The inclusion criteria were as follows: known individuals with T2DM, literate, age greater than or equal to 18 years, on at least one anti-diabetic agent for more than a month and not engaged in regular self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)...
2024: Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532069/sitagliptin-elevates-plasma-and-csf-incretin-levels-following-oral-administration-to-nonhuman-primates-relevance-for-neurodegenerative-disorders
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yazhou Li, Kelli L Vaughan, Yun Wang, Seong-Jin Yu, Eun-Kyung Bae, Ian A Tamargo, Katherine O Kopp, David Tweedie, Cheng-Chuan Chiang, Keith T Schmidt, Debomoy K Lahiri, Michael A Tones, Margaret M Zaleska, Barry J Hoffer, Julie A Mattison, Nigel H Greig
The endogenous incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) possess neurotrophic, neuroprotective, and anti-neuroinflammatory actions. The dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin reduces degradation of endogenous GLP-1 and GIP, and, thereby, extends the circulation of these protective peptides. The current nonhuman primate (NHP) study evaluates whether human translational sitagliptin doses can elevate systemic and central nervous system (CNS) levels of GLP-1/GIP in naive, non-lesioned NHPs, in line with our prior rodent studies that demonstrated sitagliptin efficacy in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease (PD)...
March 27, 2024: GeroScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531482/dipeptidyl-peptidase-9-regulates-the-dynamics-of-tumorigenesis-and-metastasis-in-breast-cancer
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa Heß, Kazeera Aliar, Barbara T Grünwald, Ricarda Griffin, Alina Lozan, Mariel Knöller, Rama Khokha, Tilman Brummer, Thomas Reinheckel
The cytosolic dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase 9 (DPP9) cleaves protein N-termini post-proline or -alanine. Our analysis of DPP9 mRNA expression from the TCGA 'breast cancer' data set revealed that low/intermediate DPP9 levels are associated with poor overall survival of breast cancer patients. To unravel the impact of DPP9 on breast cancer development and progression, the transgenic MMTV-PyMT mouse model of metastasizing breast cancer was used. In addition, tissue- and time-controlled genetic deletion of DPP9 by the Cre-loxP recombination system was done...
March 24, 2024: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Basis of Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531211/glucagon-like-peptide-1-analogs-miracle-drugs-are-blooming
#7
REVIEW
Binbin Gong, Zhihong Yao, Chenxu Zhou, Wenxi Wang, Lidan Sun, Jing Han
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), secreted by L cells in the small intestine, assumes a central role in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Its influence on insulin secretion and gastric emptying positions it as a therapeutic linchpin. However, the limited applicability of native GLP-1 stems from its short half-life, primarily due to glomerular filtration and the inactivating effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). To address this, various structural modification strategies have been developed to extend GLP-1's half-life...
March 17, 2024: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529396/safety-tolerability-pharmacokinetics-and-pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic-modeling-of-cetagliptin-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chen Zhou, Sufeng Zhou, Jie Wang, Lijun Xie, Zhanhui Lv, Yuqing Zhao, Lu Wang, Huan Luo, Daosheng Xie, Feng Shao
AIMS: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of cetagliptin (CAS number:2243737-33-7) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A population PK/PD model was developed to quantify the PK and PD characteristics of cetagliptin in patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 Chinese adults with T2DM were enrolled in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive either cetagliptin (50 mg or 100 mg), placebo, or sitagliptin (100 mg) once daily for 14 days...
2024: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523849/a-woman-with-hnf1a-associated-monogenic-diabetes-treated-successfully-with-repaglinide-monotherapy
#9
Katherine Cuan, Ilana R Bass
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Monogenic diabetes is a rare type of diabetes that is commonly misdiagnosed as type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus, which adversely impacts patient care. Such cases are particularly challenging given the heterogeneity in presentation and overlap with other types of diabetes. As the sole use of meglitinides, especially repaglinide, to treat HNF1A -associated monogenic diabetes has been rarely reported in a few other observational studies, we describe a patient who was treated successfully with repaglinide...
2024: AACE Clinical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523307/dermatological-side-effects-of-dipeptidyl-peptidase-4-inhibitors-in-diabetes-management-a-comprehensive-review
#10
REVIEW
Shirin Zaresharifi, Mahtab Niroomand, Sarina Borran, Sahar Dadkhahfar
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a class of drugs that enhance the incretin-insulin pathway and offer effective glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, these drugs may be associated with various dermatological side effects, ranging from mild to severe. This review article summarizes the current literature on the dermatological side effects of DPP-4 inhibitors, including bullous pemphigoid, severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions, fixed drug eruptions, and other mucocutaneous reactions...
March 25, 2024: Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517522/comparing-major-and-mild-cognitive-impairment-risks-in-older-type-2-diabetic-patients-a-danish-register-based-study-on-dipeptidyl-peptidase-4-inhibitors-vs-glucagon-like-peptide-1-analogues
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vera Battini, Maria Antonietta Barbieri, Carla Carnovale, Edoardo Spina, Emilio Clementi, Maurizio Sessa
INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of major and mild cognitive impairment (CI) in type-2 diabetes older patients is 15-25% and 30-60%, respectively, thus affecting quality of life and health outcomes. There is, therefore, the need of head-to-head studies aiming at identifying the optimal treatment for individuals with type-2 diabetes at increased risk of mild and major CI. This study focuses on the risk of developing mild and major CI in Danish patients treated with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues (GLP-1a) using administrative and healthcare registers...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516874/the-potential-for-improved-outcomes-in-the-prevention-and-therapy-of-diabetic-kidney-disease-through-stacking-of-drugs-from-different-classes
#12
REVIEW
David S H Bell, Terri Jerkins
Aggressive therapy of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) can not only slow the progression of DKD to renal failure but, if utilized at an early enough stage of DKD, can also stabilize and/or reverse the decline in renal function. The currently recognized standard of therapy for DKD is blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). However, unless utilized at a very early stage, monotherapy with these drugs in DKD will only prevent or slow the progression of DKD and will neither stabilize nor reverse the progression of DKD to renal decompensation...
March 22, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512162/identification-rapid-screening-docking-mechanism-and-in-vitro-digestion-stability-of-novel-dpp-4-inhibitory-peptides-from-wheat-gluten-with-ginger-protease
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linsong Pu, Xiangzhen Kong, Ruoyu Xing, Yuqing Wang, Caimeng Zhang, Yufei Hua, Yeming Chen, Xingfei Li
To better understand the hypoglycemic potential of wheat gluten (WG), we screened dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitory active peptides from WG hydrolysates. WG hydrolysates prepared by ginger protease were found to have the highest DPP-4 inhibitory activity among the five enzymatic hydrolysates, from which a 1-3 kDa fraction was isolated by ultrafiltration. Further characterization of the fraction with nano-HPLC-MS/MS revealed 1133 peptides. Among them, peptides with P'2 (the second position of the N-terminal) and P2 (the second position of the C-terminal) as proline residues (Pro) accounted for 12...
March 21, 2024: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511978/iavpgeva-orally-available-dpp4-targeting-soy-glycinin-derived-octapeptide-with-therapeutic-potential-in-nonalcoholic-steatohepatitis
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peng Ma, Hao Ou, Zhongkan Sun, Yunbiao Lu, Mengdan Li, Liuxin Xu, Yan Liang, Jiawei Zheng, Yu Ou
IAVPGEVA, an octapeptide derived from soybean 11S globulin hydrolysis, also known as SGP8, has exhibited regulatory effects on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis in vitro. Studies using MCD and HFD-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) models in mice show that SGP8 attenuates hepatic injury and metabolic disorders. Mechanistic studies suggest that SGP8 inhibits the JNK-c-Jun pathway in L02 cells and liver tissue under metabolic stress and targets DPP4 with DPP4 inhibitory activity. In conclusion, the results suggest that SGP8 is an orally available DPP4-targeting peptide with therapeutic potential in NASH...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511218/anti-diabetic-properties-of-brewer-s-spent-yeast-peptides-in-vitro-in-silico-and-ex-vivo-study-after-simulated-gastrointestinal-digestion
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marilin E Aquino, Silvina R Drago, Fermín Sánchez de Medina, Olga Martínez-Augustin, Raúl E Cian
Brewer's spent yeast (BSY) hydrolysates are a source of antidiabetic peptides. Nevertheless, the impact of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of BSY derived peptides on diabetes has not been assessed. In this study, two BSY hydrolysates were obtained ( H1 and H2 ) using β-glucanase and alkaline protease, with either 1 h or 2 h hydrolysis time for H1 and H2 , respectively. These hydrolysates were then subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID), obtaining dialysates D1 and D2 , respectively...
March 21, 2024: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510866/association-between-dipeptidyl-peptidase-4-inhibitor-use-and-cognitive-functions-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-and-pentraxin-3-levels-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ozan Demirkılıç, İlker Eski, Ece Çiftçi Öztürk, Özge Yasun, Burak Aydın, Can Birkan, Ayşegül Özsoy, Selçuk Şen
Background Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Recent findings have made the relationship between the inhibition of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme and cognitive functions an important research topic. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association between DPP-4 inhibitor use and cognitive functions, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, compared with the patients who only use metformin treatment...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509341/effectiveness-and-safety-of-empagliflozin-final-results-from-the-emprise-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phyo T Htoo, Helen Tesfaye, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Deborah J Wexler, Brendan M Everett, Robert J Glynn, Niklas Schmedt, Lisette Koeneman, Anouk Déruaz-Luyet, Julie M Paik, Elisabetta Patorno
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Limited evidence exists on the comparative safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin against alternative glucose-lowering medications in individuals with type 2 diabetes with the broad spectrum of cardiovascular risk. The EMPagliflozin compaRative effectIveness and SafEty (EMPRISE) cohort study was designed to monitor the safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin periodically for a period of 5 years with data collection from electronic healthcare databases. METHODS: We identified individuals ≥18 years old with type 2 diabetes who initiated empagliflozin or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) from 2014 to 2019 using US Medicare and commercial claims databases...
March 21, 2024: Diabetologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507188/real-world-effectiveness-of-once-weekly-glucagon-like-peptide-1-receptor-agonists-ow-glp-1ras-in-comparison-with-dipeptidyl-peptidase-4-inhibitors-dpp-4is-for-glycemic-control-and-weight-outcomes-in-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-relate
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xi Tan, Victoria Divino, James Amamoo, Lin Xie, Katharine B Coyle, Cory L Gamble, Mico Guevarra, Yurek Paprocki, Aaron A King
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of once-weekly (OW) glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) has been established in several trials in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, real-world evidence on their effectiveness is limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness of OW GLP-1RA regarding glycemic and weight outcomes, and relative to DPP-4i in a comparator analysis. METHODS: This observational cohort study evaluated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c ) and weight outcomes in people with T2DM with two or more prescription claims for the same OW GLP-1RA using a pre-post study design (including for a semaglutide OW T2DM subgroup, hereafter referred to as semaglutide)...
March 20, 2024: Clinical Drug Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505912/a-systems-biology-approach-unveils-a-critical-role-of-dpp4-in-upper-gastrointestinal-cancer-patient-outcomes
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sudhir Kotnala, Anupam Dhasmana, Swati Dhasmana, Shafiul Haque, Murali M Yallapu, Manish K Tripathi, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C Chauhan
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers comprise of cancers that affect the digestive system and its accessory organs. The late detection and poor prognosis of GI cancer emphasizes the importance of identifying reliable and precise biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. The membrane-bound glycoprotein dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4), also known as CD26, is ubiquitously expressed and has a wide spectrum of biological roles. The role of DPP4/CD26 in tumor progression in different types of cancers remains elusive...
2024: Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504118/dipeptidyl-peptidase-4-inhibitor-and-sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2-inhibitor-additively-ameliorate-hepatic-steatosis-through-different-mechanisms-of-action-in-high-fat-diet-fed-mice
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuichiro Iwamoto, Tomohiko Kimura, Kazunori Dan, Hideyuki Iwamoto, Junpei Sanada, Yoshiro Fushimi, Yukino Katakura, Masashi Shimoda, Yuka Nogami, Yoshiko Shirakiya, Shuhei Nakanishi, Tomoatsu Mune, Kohei Kaku, Hideaki Kaneto
AIM: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors suppress the inactivation of incretin hormones and lower blood glucose levels by inhibiting DPP-4 function. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors lower blood glucose levels in an insulin-independent manner by inhibiting renal reabsorption of glucose. DPP-4 and SGLT2 inhibitors each have the potential to improve hepatic steatosis; however, their combined effects remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of the combination of these drugs on hepatic steatosis using high-fat diet-fed mice...
March 19, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
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