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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reasons for not entering opioid agonist treatment: A survey among high-risk opioid users in Finland.
Tuire Prami, Mari Pölkki, Jarno Ruotsalainen, Elin Banke Nordbeck, Susanna Meyner, Ari Kaski
Aims: To characterise and understand the untreated high-risk opioid user population in Finland, and to determine the reasons why these people do not enter treatment. Methods: The study setting was a half-year cross-sectional survey in Finland during 2021-2022. An electronic questionnaire with 24 structured questions was concluded in 16 needle exchange units. Participants were opioid-dependent people without opioid agonist treatment (OAT), and they answered the survey voluntarily and anonymously. Results: Of the 167 respondents, 62% were men, 53% were aged ≤34 years, 66% had used opioids for >6 years, and 78% used drugs intravenously (IV) daily...
April 2024: Nordisk Alkohol- & Narkotikatidskrift: NAT
#2
REVIEW
Chris O'Leary, Rob Ralphs, Jennifer Stevenson, Andrew Smith, Jordan Harrison, Zsolt Kiss, Harry Armitage
BACKGROUND: Homelessness is a traumatic experience, and can have a devastating effect on those experiencing it. People who are homeless often face significant barriers when accessing public services, and have often experienced adverse childhood events, extreme social disadvantage, physical, emotional and sexual abuse, neglect, low self-esteem, poor physical and mental health, and much lower life expectancy compared to the general population. Rates of problematic substance use are disproportionately high, with many using drugs and alcohol to deal with the stress of living on the street, to keep warm, or to block out memories of previous abuse or trauma...
June 2024: Campbell Syst Rev
#3
Graydon B Gereau, Diana Zhou, Kalynn J Van Voorhies, Ryan E Tyler, Jeffrey Campbell, Jackson G Murray, Ali Alvararez-Pamir, Luke Wykoff, Michel A Companion, Michael R Jackson, Steven H Olson, Lawrence S Barak, Lauren M Slosky, Ryan P Vetreno, Joyce Besheer, Zoe A McElligott
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) impose an enormous societal and financial burden, and world-wide, alcohol misuse is the 7th leading cause of premature death1. Despite this, there are currently only 3 FDA approved pharmacological treatments for the treatment of AUDs in the United States. The neurotensin (Nts) system has long been implicated in modulating behaviors associated with alcohol misuse. Recently, a novel compound, SBI-553, that biases the action of Nts receptor 1 (NTSR1) activation, has shown promise in preclinical models of psychostimulant misuse...
April 13, 2024: bioRxiv
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Z Allen, Jason Talmadge, David Yen, Jeffrey C Bedrosian, Michael Frost, Tao Wang, Ashanthi Mathai, Jamie Jarecki-Smith, Martin J Citardi
OBJECTIVE: The PN Naloxone Nasal Swab (Pocket Naloxone Corp., Bethesda, MD) is a swab optimized for drug delivery and intended for use by non-medical personnel for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose. The aim of this study (PNC-20-003) is to determine the safety of this nasal swab in a real-world environment. METHODS: This was a single-institution, quantitative-qualitative prospective trial performed at an outpatient clinic. Patients with normal or abnormal nasal structure were recruited...
April 10, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shikhar Shrestha, Thomas J Stopka, Jaclyn M W Hughto, Patricia Case, Wilson R Palacios, Brittni Reilly, Traci C Green
BACKGROUND: We introduce the concept of harm reduction capital (HRCap) as the combination of knowledge, resources, and skills related to substance use risk reduction, which we hypothesize to predict MOUD use and opioid overdose. In this study, we explored the interrelationships between ethnicity, HRCap, nonfatal overdose, and MOUD use among PWUD. METHODS: Between 2017 and 2019, people who currently or in the past used opioids and who lived in Massachusetts completed a one-time survey on substance use history, treatment experiences, and use of harm reduction services...
April 15, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teena Cherian, Sungwoo Lim, Monica Katyal, Keith S Goldfeld, Ryan McDonald, Ellen Wiewel, Maria Khan, Noa Krawczyk, Sarah Braunstein, Sean M Murphy, Ali Jalali, Philip J Jeng, Zachary Rosner, Ross MacDonald, Joshua D Lee
BACKGROUND: Non-fatal overdose is a leading predictor of subsequent fatal overdose. For individuals who are incarcerated, the risk of experiencing an overdose is highest when transitioning from a correctional setting to the community. We assessed if enrollment in jail-based medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is associated with lower risk of non-fatal opioid overdoses after jail release among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational cohort study of adults with OUD who were incarcerated in New York City jails and received MOUD or did not receive any MOUD (out-of-treatment) within the last three days before release to the community in 2011-2017...
March 28, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandra Noske, Michael Karimov, Martin Krüger, Bettina Lilli, Alexander Ewe, Achim Aigner
Spray-drying of nucleic acid-based drugs designed for gene therapy or gene knockdown is associated with many advantages including storage stability and handling as well as the possibility of pulmonary application. The encapsulation of nucleic acids in nanoparticles prior to spray-drying is one strategy for obtaining efficient formulations. This, however, strongly relies on the definition of optimal nanoparticles, excipients and spray-drying conditions. Among polymeric nanoparticles, polyethylenimine (PEI)-based complexes with or without chemical modifications have been described previously as very efficient for gene or oligonucleotide delivery...
April 17, 2024: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evaluation of three-year neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants prenatally exposed to substance use.
Pilar Jarque, Miguel Carmona, Antonia Roca, Bernardino Barcelo, Simona Pichini, Miguel Ángel Elorza, Pilar Sanchis, Yolanda Rendal, Isabel Gomila
INTRODUCTION: Prenatal exposure to substance use is associated with long-term deficits in the neurodevelopment of children. The objective was to investigate the association between cognitive, motor, and language neurodevelopment at three years of age in infants prenatally exposed to substance use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective matched case-control study was conducted. Biomarkers of fetal exposure were measured in meconium samples. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III) were used to calculate neurodevelopment scores...
April 6, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liam Browning, Ciara N Cannoy, Tabitha E H Moses, Leslie H Lundahl, David M Ledgerwood, Mark K Greenwald
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent and associated with opioid use disorder (OUD). Yet, little is known about the mechanisms by which ADHD (which is a heterogeneous construct/diagnosis) might alter the trajectory of OUD outcomes in persons who use heroin. AIM: We examined whether ADHD subtypes are related to heroin-use consequences and the extent to which the effects of ADHD on lifetime heroin-use consequences are mediated by two impulsivity factors that may be partly independent of ADHD: foreshortened time perspective and drug-use impulsivity...
April 13, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dan Wang, Qian Sun, Randal Schneider, Shelby L Cunningham
BACKGROUND: Screening for fentanyl has been adopted by many clinical laboratories to detect illicit drug use and monitor medication adherence. However, compared to other urine drug testing, fentanyl screening assays are relatively new and therefore their clinical performances are largely unknown. This study extensively evaluated the clinical performance, positive cutoff, and interference profile of SEFRIA fentanyl immunoassay in real patient settings. METHODS: The FDA-cleared cutoff of 1...
April 6, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wesley R Tackett, Jyostna Yalakala, Michael D Hambuchen
BACKGROUND: The incidence of combination methamphetamine (METH)-opioid overdose has substantially increased in recent years. While agitation is uncommon after the naloxone (NLX) reversal of opioids, it is a major clinical concern in acute METH intoxication and can be physiologically antagonized by opioid-induced sedation. This study aimed to perform initial preclinical analysis of the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine (DEXMED) co-administered with NLX to attenuate METH-induced locomotor activity, as a rat model of agitation, after the reversal of fentanyl (FENT)-induced sedation...
April 16, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anthony Barnett, Kiran Pienaar, Dan I Lubman, Shalini Arunogiri, Vicky Phan, Vicky Hayes, Nicholas Lintzeris, Michael Savic
BACKGROUND: Long-acting injectable depot buprenorphine has become an important treatment option for the management of opioid dependence. However, little is known about patients' experiences of depot buprenorphine and its embodied effects. This qualitative study aims to explore patients' experiences of depot buprenorphine treatment, including how it feels within the body, experiences of dosing cycles across time, and how this form of treatment relies on wider ecologies of care beyond the clinical encounter...
April 17, 2024: International Journal on Drug Policy
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel A Borgatti, James K Rowlett, Lais F Berro
BACKGROUND: The orexin system has been implicated as a mechanism underlying insomnia and methamphetamine-induced sleep disruptions, with a potential role for OX2 receptors in the sleep-modulating effects of orexin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which orexin receptors mediate the effects of acute methamphetamine administration on actigraphy-based sleep in female rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Actigraphy-based sleep measures were obtained in female rhesus monkeys (n=5) under baseline and acute test conditions...
April 5, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Han Ding, Xiao-Lin Zhang, Aoxin Guo, Qian Ping Lee, Chao Cai, Ming Li, Hongzhi Cao, Xue-Wei Liu
The development of novel agents with immunoregulatory effects is a keen way to combat the growing threat of inflammatory storms to global health. To synthesize pseudo-steroidal glycosides tethered by ether bonds with promising immunomodulatory potential, we develop herein a highly effective deoxygenative functionalization of a novel steroidal donor (steroidation) facilitated by strain-release, leveraging cost-effective and readily available Sc(OTf)3 catalysis. This transformation produces a transient steroid-3-yl carbocation which readily reacts with O -, C -, N -, S -, and P -nucleophiles to generate structurally diverse steroid derivatives...
April 18, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ewa Galaj, Guo-Hua Bi, Zheng-Xiong Xi
A growing body of research indicates that β-caryophyllene (BCP), a constituent present in a large number of plants, possesses significant therapeutic properties against CNS disorders, including alcohol and psychostimulant use disorders. However, it is unknown whether BCP has similar therapeutic potential for opioid use disorders. In this study, we found that systemic administration of BCP dose-dependently reduced heroin self-administration in rats under an FR2 schedule of reinforcement and partially blocked heroin-enhanced brain stimulation reward in DAT-cre mice, maintained by optical stimulation of midbrain dopamine neurons at high frequencies...
April 15, 2024: Neuropharmacology
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xavier Bartoll-Roca, María José López, Katherine Pérez, Lucía Artazcoz, Carme Borrell
Urban regeneration programmes are interventions meant to enhance the wellbeing of residents in deprived areas, although empirical evidence reports mixed results. We evaluated the health impact of a participatory and neighbourhood-wide urban regeneration programme, Pla de Barris 2016-2020, in Barcelona. A pre-post with a comparison group study design. Using data from a cross-sectional survey performed in 2016 and 2021. The health outcomes analysed were mental health, alcohol and psychotropic drug use, perceived health status, physical activity and obesity...
2024: PloS One
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren E Parmley, Sophia S Miller, Innocent Chingombe, Munyaradzi Mapingure, Owen Mugurungi, John H Rogers, Godfrey Musuka, Chesterfield Samba, Avi J Hakim, Tiffany G Harris
INTRODUCTION: We sought to characterize social and structural drivers of HIV vulnerability for transgender women (TGW) in Zimbabwe, where TGW are not legally recognized, and explore differences in vulnerability by feminine presentation. METHODS: A secondary analysis was conducted with a sub-sample of participants recruited from a 2019 respondent-driven sampling survey that comprised men who have sex with men, TGW and genderqueer individuals assigned male sex at birth, from two cities in Zimbabwe...
April 2024: Journal of the International AIDS Society
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
LaShawn Glasgow, Christian Douglas, Joel G Sprunger, Aimee N C Campbell, Redonna Chandler, Anindita Dasgupta, JaNae Holloway, Katherine R Marks, Sara M Roberts, Linda Sprague Martinez, Katherine Thompson, Roger D Weiss, Arnie Aldridge, Kat Asman, Carolina Barbosa, Derek Blevins, Deborah Chassler, Lindsay Cogan, Laura Fanucchi, Megan E Hall, Timothy Hunt, Elizabeth Jadovich, Frances R Levin, Patricia Lincourt, Michelle R Lofwall, Vanessa Loukas, Ann Scheck McAlearney, Edward Nunes, Emmanuel Oga, Devin Oller, Maria Rudorf, Ann Marie Sullivan, Jeffery Talbert, Angela Taylor, Julie Teater, Nathan Vandergrift, Kristin Woodlock, Gary A Zarkin, Bridget Freisthler, Jeffrey H Samet, Sharon L Walsh, Nabila El-Bassel
BACKGROUND: The U.S. opioid overdose crisis persists. Outpatient behavioral health services (BHS) are essential components of a comprehensive response to opioid use disorder and overdose fatalities. The Helping to End Addiction Long-Term® (HEALing) Communities Study developed the Communities That HEAL (CTH) intervention to reduce opioid overdose deaths in 67 communities in Kentucky, Ohio, New York, and Massachusetts through the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs), including BHS...
April 5, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bartholomew Ochonye, Godwin Emmanuel, Roger Abang, Olaniyi Felix Sanni, Paul Umoh, Abiye Kalaiwo, Nanribet Mwoltu, Paul Amechi, Olugbemi Motilewa
BACKGROUND: Stigmatization and discrimination within healthcare settings deter key populations (KPs) from seeking mental health and psychosocial support (MHPS). Consequently, understanding the prevalence, associated factors, and impact of the MHPSS intervention on psychological distress among Nigeria's KPs is crucial. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study focused on KPs, including Female Sex Workers (FSW), Men who have Sex with Men (MSM), and People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) enrolled in Heartland Alliance LTD/GTE across 17 One-Stop Shops (OSS) in six states of Nigeria...
2024: PloS One
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas I Goldenson, Saul Shiffman, Mark A Sembower, Ryan A Black
BACKGROUND: Menthol-flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are a focus of public health and regulatory policy considerations. The abuse liability of five menthol-flavored pod-based ENDS was compared to combustible cigarettes, and switching potential of ENDS was also evaluated. METHODS: 215 US adults who smoke cigarettes (34.4% female; mean age[SD]=29.60[8.75]; 40.9% non-Hispanic White; mean cigarettes/day[SD]=12.04[8.52]) completed a randomized 6-arm within-person cross-over product-use study...
April 2, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
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