Travin

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AIMS: Although obesity is associated with increased mortality, epidemiologic studies in heart failure have reported lower mortality in obese patients compared with matched nonobese patients (the 'obesity paradox'). However, the relationship between survival and extreme (morbid) obesity (BMI ≥ 40) is poorly understood. We evaluate survival in low ejection fraction patients across a range of BMI categories, including extreme obesity. METHODS: In a retrospective review, 12 181 consecutive patients receiving nuclear stress testing at a tertiary care center were stratified based on BMI and ejection fraction...

A description of two cases of cardiovascular syphilis is presented. The introduction discusses the relevance of visceral syphilis. The literary review is constructed in a chronological format and reflects the stages of studying the problem of cardiovascular syphilis. It emphasizes that cardiovascular syphilis is currently a rare pathology and internists are more likely to encounter it. Verification of the pathology of the cardiovascular system, including aortic aneurysm, during the early stages of syphilis (early latent) does not exclude the option of combined pathology...

Autonomic innervation plays an important role in proper functioning of the cardiovascular system. Altered cardiac sympathetic function is present in a variety of diseases, and can be assessed with radionuclide imaging using sympathetic neurotransmitter analogues. The most studied adrenergic radiotracer is cardiac 123 I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123 I-mIBG). Cardiac 123 I-mIBG uptake can be evaluated using both planar and tomographic imaging, thereby providing insight into global and regional sympathetic innervation...

PURPOSE: Increased hemoglobin A1C was reported to be a predictor of angiographically detected CAV. Our study examined the impact of glycemic control on myocardial blood flow (MBF) measured by 13 N-ammonia positron emission tomography (PET) in transplant recipients. METHODS: We reviewed the records of patients who had heart transplant in the past 5 years at our center, and who had regadenoson-stress 13 N-ammonia PET imaging. Three PET flow parameters were measured: stress MBF, myocardial flow reserve (MFR), and coronary vascular resistance (CVR = systolic blood pressure / stress MBF)...

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Prokaryotic translation is among the major targets of diverse natural products with antibacterial activity including several classes of clinically relevant antibiotics. In this review, we summarize the information about the structure, biosynthesis, and modes of action of translation inhibiting ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Azol(in)e-containing RiPPs are known to target translation, and several new compounds inhibiting the ribosome have been characterized recently...

Ribosome-synthesized post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) represent a rapidly expanding class of natural products with various biological activities. Linear azol(in)e-containing peptides (LAPs) comprise a subclass of RiPPs that display outstanding diversity of mechanisms of action while sharing common structural features. Here, we report the discovery of a new LAP biosynthetic gene cluster in the genome of Rhizobium Pop5, which encodes the precursor peptide and modification machinery of phazolicin (PHZ) - an extensively modified peptide exhibiting narrow-spectrum antibacterial activity against some symbiotic bacteria of leguminous plants...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate whether planar 123 I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy predicts risk of death in heart failure (HF) patients up to 5 years after imaging. METHODS AND RESULTS: Subjects from ADMIRE-HF were followed for approximately 5 years after imaging (964 subjects, median follow-up 62.7 months). Subjects were stratified according to the heart/mediastinum (H/M) ratio (< 1.60 vs ≥ 1.60) on planar 123 I-MIBG scintigraphic images obtained at baseline in ADMIRE-HF...

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BACKGROUND: The effect of incidental findings from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) on management has not been rigorously investigated. This study uses a control group to explore this relationship. METHODS: Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial of acute chest pain patients admitted to telemetry was performed. Patients were randomized to undergo either CCTA (n = 200) or radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) (n = 200)...

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The introduction of azole heterocycles into a peptide backbone is the principal step in the biosynthesis of numerous compounds with therapeutic potential. One of them is microcin B17, a bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor whose activity depends on the conversion of selected serine and cysteine residues of the precursor peptide to oxazoles and thiazoles by the McbBCD synthetase complex. Crystal structures of McbBCD reveal an octameric B4 C2 D2 complex with two bound substrate peptides. Each McbB dimer clamps the N-terminal recognition sequence, while the C-terminal heterocycle of the modified peptide is trapped in the active site of McbC...

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Cardiac denervation is associated with progressive left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in heart failure (HF). In this regard, it is important to evaluate cardiac-specific sympathetic nervous system (SNS) function. The radiotracer Iodine-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123 I-mIBG) can noninvasively evaluate pre-synaptic SNS function. Recent multicenter trials have shown 123 I-mIBG to have strong predictive value for fatal arrhythmias and cardiac death in HF...

Liver diseases associated (acute fatty liver of pregnancy) and unassociated (liver hemangioma) with pregnancy and complications due to liver failure are serious conditions and can lead to maternal death. The paper describes two maternal deaths related to liver pathology.

Somatic point mutations at a key arginine residue (R132) within the active site of the metabolic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) confer a novel gain of function in cancer cells, resulting in the production of d-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), an oncometabolite. Elevated 2-HG levels are implicated in epigenetic alterations and impaired cellular differentiation. IDH1 mutations have been described in an array of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Here, we report the discovery of AG-120 (ivosidenib), an inhibitor of the IDH1 mutant enzyme that exhibits profound 2-HG lowering in tumor models and the ability to effect differentiation of primary patient AML samples ex vivo...

Klebsazolicin (KLB) is a recently discovered Klebsiella pneumonia peptide antibiotic targeting the exit tunnel of bacterial ribosome. KLB contains an N-terminal amidine ring and four azole heterocycles installed into a ribosomally synthesized precursor by dedicated maturation machinery. Using an in vitro system for KLB production, we show that the YcaO-domain KlpD maturation enzyme is a bifunctional cyclodehydratase required for the formation of both the core heterocycles and the N-terminal amidine ring. We further demonstrate that the amidine ring is formed concomitantly with proteolytic cleavage of azole-containing pro-KLB by a cellular protease TldD/E...

We present historical, epidemiological, and statistical data on heart echinococcosis (also known as hydatid disease) and concomitant lesions of different organs, as well as a demonstration of its surgical management. The diagnosis of heart echinococcosis is based on review and identification of the cyst and we evaluate the various common diagnostic methods. Surgical treatment of patients with heart echinococcosis may require cardiopulmonary bypass or may be an off-pump procedure depending on the location of the cysts...

COMICS is an interactive and open-access web platform for integration and visualization of molecular expression data in anatomograms of zebrafish, carp, and mouse model systems. Anatomical ontologies are used to map omics data across experiments and between an experiment and a particular visualization in a data-dependent manner. COMICS is built on top of several existing resources. Zebrafish and mouse anatomical ontologies with their controlled vocabulary (CV) and defined hierarchy are used with the ontoCAT R package to aggregate data for comparison and visualization...