keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404614/prevalence-of-cardiovascular-disease-and-risk-factors-in-ghana-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#21
REVIEW
Alfred Doku, Lawrence Sena Tuglo, Vincent Boima, Francis Agyekum, Pearl Aovare, Martha Ali Abdulai, Anthony Godi, Ron J G Peters, Charles Agyemang
BACKGROUND: The increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden threatens the global population as the major cause of disability and premature death. Data are scarce on the magnitude of CVD among the population in West Africa, particularly in Ghana. This study examined the available scientific evidence to determine the pooled prevalence (PP) of CVD and risk factors in Ghana. METHODS: We searched electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct and Africa Journal Online databases to identify literature published from the start of the indexing of the database to 10th February 2023...
2024: Global Heart
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396418/liver-magnetic-resonance-elastography-focus-on-methodology-technique-and-feasibility
#22
REVIEW
Marta Zerunian, Benedetta Masci, Damiano Caruso, Francesco Pucciarelli, Michela Polici, Stefano Nardacci, Domenico De Santis, Elsa Iannicelli, Andrea Laghi
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an imaging technique that combines low-frequency mechanical vibrations with magnetic resonance imaging to create visual maps and quantify liver parenchyma stiffness. As in recent years, diffuse liver diseases have become highly prevalent worldwide and could lead to a chronic condition with different stages of fibrosis. There is a strong necessity for a non-invasive, highly accurate, and standardised quantitative assessment to evaluate and manage patients with different stages of fibrosis from diagnosis to follow-up, as the actual reference standard for the diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis is biopsy, an invasive method with possible peri-procedural complications and sampling errors...
February 9, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396107/comparison-of-the-formula-accuracy-for-calculating-multifocal-intraocular-lens-power-a-single-center-retrospective-study-in-korean-patients
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinchul Kim, Joonsung Park, Yoonjung Jo
This study evaluated the accuracy of newer formulas (Barrett Universal II, EVO 2.0, Kane, Hoffer QST, and PEARL-DGS) and the Haigis formula in Korean patients with the Alcon TFNT multifocal intraocular lens. In total, 3100 randomly selected eyes of 3100 patients were retrospectively reviewed. After constant optimization, the standard deviation (SD) of the prediction error was assessed for the entire group, and the root mean square error was compared for short and long axial length (AL) subgroup analysis. The Cooke-modified AL (CMAL) was experimentally applied to the Haigis formula...
February 23, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387616/diagnostic-pearls-and-pitfalls-in-the-evaluation-of-biopsies-of-the-pancreas
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudio Luchini
CONTEXT.—: The examination of small pancreatic biopsies is a difficult task for pathologists. This is due to the scant and fragmented material often obtained from diagnostic procedures as well as the significant overlap between different neoplastic and nonneoplastic entities. In the upcoming neoadjuvant era, biopsies could become even more important, representing the only possibility to look at the real histomorphology of tumors before chemotherapy-induced modifications. OBJECTIVES...
February 23, 2024: Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385718/in-office-needle-arthroscopy-indications-surgical-techniques-tips-and-tricks
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arianna L Gianakos, John G Kennedy
In-office needle arthroscopy (IONA) has gained increased attention as a minimally invasive alternative to standard arthroscopy performed in the operating room (OR) setting. IONA uses instrumentation that is markedly smaller in size and diameter making arthroscopy less invasive. Less OR equipment and less OR staff are required resulting in procedures that may be more accessible and less expensive. IONA is typically performed using local intra-articular blocks, thereby reducing the need for regional anesthesia or general anesthesia along with its associated risks...
February 1, 2024: Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global Research & Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385675/the-facial-artery-perforator-flap-for-reconstruction-of-facial-defects-surgical-pearls-and-clinical-series
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingjing Zhu, Yuxin Zhang, Liang Chen, Heng Wang, Yiqun Zhou, Yu Guo, Dong Dong, Wei Wang, Tianyi Liu
BACKGROUND: Based on the knowledge of facial vascularity, facial artery perforator flaps could be used as potent tools for facial defect reconstruction. However, lack of experience and misconception of this technique limits the broad application in the clinical background. Here, we discussed surgical techniques based on our previous experience with facial artery perforator (FAP)-based facial defect reconstruction. METHODS: A retrospective review of 12 patients undergoing facial defect reconstruction using an FAP flap was performed, including 8 defects in the mid-facial part and 4 defects in the nasal area generally resulted from basal cell carcinoma (8 patients), squamous cell carcinoma (3 patients), and actinic keratosis (one patient)...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38380849/grade-pearls-and-pitfalls-part-2-clinical-practice-guidelines
#27
REVIEW
Anders Granholm, Zainab Al Duhailib, Waleed Alhazzani, Simon Oczkowski, Emilie Belley-Cote, Morten Hylander Møller
BACKGROUND: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach is the de facto standard framework for summarising evidence in systematic reviews and developing recommendations in clinical practice guidelines. METHODS: We describe how the GRADE approach is used in clinical practice guidelines, including key points and examples. The intended audience of this overview of GRADE is clinicians and researchers who are, or plan to be, involved in the development or assessment of clinical practice guidelines...
February 21, 2024: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38369437/optimizing-the-car-t-cell-therapy-experience-in-multiple-myeloma-clinical-pearls-from-an-expert-roundtable
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sikander Ailawadhi, Leyla Shune, Sandy W Wong, Yi Lin, Krina Patel, Sundar Jagannath
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies offer substantial advancement in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). However, the CAR-T therapy process involves complex decision-making that is informed by many variables. This review aims to provide an overview of the patient selection and administration process for CAR-T therapy for MM from the perspective of experienced healthcare providers (HCPs), including considerations for each step in the CAR-T therapy process. Referring HCPs should initiate conversations with HCPs at CAR-T capable centers earlier in the treatment journey, even before patients are eligible for CAR-T therapy, particularly for patients from underserved populations and patients with high-risk disease, to ensure adequate time for logistical planning and patient education...
February 1, 2024: Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38368849/high-risk-and-low-prevalence-diseases-acute-mastoiditis
#29
REVIEW
Rachel E Bridwell, Alex Koyfman, Brit Long
INTRODUCTION: Acute mastoiditis is a serious condition that carries with it a high rate of morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: This review highlights the pearls and pitfalls of mastoiditis, including the presentation, diagnosis, and management in the emergency department (ED) based on current evidence. DISCUSSION: Acute mastoiditis most commonly affects pediatric patients and is a suppurative infection of the mastoid air cells. It is often associated with otitis media, and common bacteria include Streptococcus and Staphylococcus...
February 7, 2024: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38366706/the-association-between-kras-and-histopathological-growth-patterns-and-the-impact-on-resection-margins-around-vasculature-and-bile-ducts-in-colorectal-liver-metastases
#30
REVIEW
Pearl Wong, Geoffrey Yuet Mun Wong, Christopher W Toon, Pierre Chapuis, Thomas J Hugh
The liver is the most frequent and often the only site of distant disease in colorectal cancer and, of all treatment protocols currently in use, resection is the most likely to result in long-term cure. Within the liver, tumour proximity to major vasculature and biliary structures poses a resection challenge, requiring a balance of achieving negative margins while preserving adequate vascular circulation and biliary drainage. The focus on parenchymal sparing resections are important but just as important may be the 'biological' behaviour of the tumour...
February 17, 2024: ANZ Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38365792/high-resolution-mapping-of-age-and-gender-specific-risk-of-clonorchis-sinensis-infection-risk-in-guangdong-china-a-geostatistical-modeling-study
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Si-Yue Huang, Jing-Diao Chen, Qing-Sheng Zeng, Ying-Si Lai
BACKGROUND: The latest national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China demonstrated that Guangdong was among the endemic provinces with the highest Clonorchis sinensis infection rates. High-resolution, age- and gender-specific risk maps of the temporal and spatial distributions are essential for the targeted control work. METHODS: Disease data on the prevalence of C. sinensis infection from 1990 onwards, either age- and gender-specific or aggregated across age and gender, were collected through systematic review and four large-scale surveys in Guangdong Province...
February 16, 2024: Parasites & Vectors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38365459/-that-s-just-the-ovary-and-other-cases-of-mistaken-identity-on-ct-of-the-female-pelvis
#32
REVIEW
Naveen Ghuman, Norman Atagu, Rahul Sachdev, Oscar Covarrubias, Lydia Gregg, Claire Brookmeyer, Pamela Johnson, Erin Gomez
CT is often the first imaging test in female patients with lower abdominal and pelvic pain because of the wide availability of CT and differential diagnoses that span both gynecologic and gastrointestinal disease. Pathology within the female pelvis may be difficult to diagnose on CT owing to suboptimal delineation of anatomy in comparison to MRI and ultrasound. These challenges are confounded by overlapping imaging features of a wide range of gynecologic entities and can lead to diagnostic dilemmas. High value CT interpretation will direct the clinician to the best next diagnostic step as ultrasound and MRI provide superior soft tissue delineation...
January 17, 2024: Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38363417/pathology-of-intra-articular-tumours-and-tumour-like-lesions-pearls-pitfalls-and-rarities-from-a-general-surgical-pathology-practice
#33
REVIEW
Alison L Cheah, Wendy Brown, S Fiona Bonar
Intra-articular tumours are uncommonly encountered in routine practice and may present diagnostic challenges to pathologists. Challenges unique to this site include distinction from more common reactive synovial conditions, which are far more common; histologic variability; superimposed reactive changes; and often, lack of provided clinicoradiological context. This article reviews the pathology of the synovial tumours and tumour-like lesions, including diagnostic pearls, pitfalls and rare entities.
February 16, 2024: Skeletal Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360342/valve-sparing-aortic-root-replacement-state-of-the-art-review-part-ii-surgical-techniques
#34
REVIEW
Elizabeth H Stephens, Joseph A Dearani, Alberto Pochettino, Luca A Vricella, Thoralf M Sundt, Tirone E David, Joseph E Bavaria, Duke E Cameron
Aortic valve disease is common and valve-preserving operations are preferred whenever possible. Valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSRR) has become an important tool for managing aortic root pathology in children and adults. The learning curve for this operation is challenging but with increasing experience and technical modifications, early and late outcomes continue to improve. Durable long term results vary based on underlying anatomy, pathology, and patient selection, and surgeon expertise. The purpose of Part II of this VSRR State of the Art Review article is to provide technical pearls related to VSRR...
February 13, 2024: Annals of Thoracic Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38353905/o-rads-mri-risk-stratification-system-pearls-and-pitfalls
#35
REVIEW
Stephanie Nougaret, Leo Razakamanantsoa, Elizabeth A Sadowski, Erica B Stein, Yulia Lakhman, Nicole M Hindman, Aurelie Jalaguier-Coudray, Andrea G Rockall, Isabelle Thomassin-Naggara
In 2021, the American College of Radiology (ACR) Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) MRI Committee developed a risk stratification system and lexicon for assessing adnexal lesions using MRI. Like the BI-RADS classification, O-RADS MRI provides a standardized language for communication between radiologists and clinicians. It is essential for radiologists to be familiar with the O-RADS algorithmic approach to avoid misclassifications. Training, like that offered by International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA), is essential to ensure accurate and consistent application of the O-RADS MRI system...
February 14, 2024: Insights Into Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38351600/grade-pearls-and-pitfalls-part-1-systematic-reviews-and-meta-analyses
#36
REVIEW
Zainab Al Duhailib, Anders Granholm, Waleed Alhazzani, Simon Oczkowski, Emilie Belley-Cote, Morten Hylander Møller
BACKGROUND: The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach is used to assess the certainty of evidence in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. METHODS: We describe how the GRADE approach is used in systematic reviews and meta-analyses, including key points and examples. This overview is aimed at clinicians and researchers who are, or plan to be, involved in the development or assessment of systematic reviews with meta-analyses using GRADE...
February 13, 2024: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325497/medical-imaging-applications-developed-using-artificial-intelligence-demonstrate-high-internal-validity-yet-are-limited-in-scope-and-lack-external-validation
#37
REVIEW
Jacob F Oeding, Aaron J Krych, Andrew D Pearle, Bryan T Kelly, Kyle N Kunze
PURPOSE: To (1) review definitions and concepts necessary to interpret applications of deep learning (DL; a domain of artificial intelligence (AI) that leverages neural networks to make predictions on media inputs such as images); and (2) identify knowledge and translational gaps in the literature to provide insight into specific areas for improvement as adoption of this technology continues. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed in December 2023 for articles regarding the use of DL in sports medicine...
February 5, 2024: Arthroscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315526/consumer-perceptions-of-home-based-percussive-massage-therapy-for-musculoskeletal-concerns-inductive-thematic-qualitative-analysis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saloni Butala, Pearl Valentine Galido, Benjamin K P Woo
BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal pain is a prevalent concern among diverse populations, from the average individual to the elite athlete. Handheld percussive massage therapy devices like massage guns have gained much popularity in both medical and athletic settings. Its application has been prominently recognized in injury prevention and rehabilitation. The expansion of the market to provide handheld percussive therapy devices with varying features and price points has encouraged professional and novice use...
February 5, 2024: JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315110/eyelid-and-brow-rejuvenation-technical-pearls-and-outcomes-of-upper-blepharoplasty-with-or-without-ptosis-correction-and-browlift
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liset Falcon Rodriguez, Doga Kuruoglu, Cristina A Salinas, Alice Liu, Lilly H Wagner, Elizabeth A Bradley, Uldis Bite, Samir Mardini, Basel A Sharaf
BACKGROUND: Eyelid ptosis may present with upper lid dermatochalasis and brow ptosis. When indicated, ptosis correction (PC) is advocated during upper blepharoplasty (UB). Here, we aimed to report our outcomes following UB and PC. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients that underwent UB from November 2018 to March 2020 was performed. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and revisions were recorded. Cox regression was performed to assess predictors of revision...
February 2, 2024: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296280/exploring-online-health-information-seeking-behaviour-ohisb-among-young-adults-a-scoping-review-protocol
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristine Moksnes Bratland, Charlotte Wien, Torkjel M Sandanger
INTRODUCTION: In recent years, information technology and social media have experienced unprecedented growth, particularly in the Nordic countries. However, there is a noticeable lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the latest research findings on online health information seeking behaviour (OHISB) among young adults (18 to >30). There is a need to conduct an updated review to identify knowledge gaps in where young adults find health information and their user interface preferences and to provide research-based guidance and recommendations to governments, health organisations and social media platforms on how to facilitate this prominent pattern...
January 30, 2024: BMJ Open
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