Tramal

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of preoperative analgesics on inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) during root canal treatment in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of the mandibular molars. METHODS: This study was a randomized, double-blinded, superiority trial with a parallel study design. A total of 120 subjects with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomly assigned to one of four groups: group A (con- trol, Vitamin E, Evion 400 mg), group B (Diclofenac sodium, Voltral SR100 100 mg), group C (Piroxicam, Feldene 20 mg), and group D (Tramadol, Tramal 50 mg)...

The treatment of pain and anxiety in cancer patients includes both pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological approaches. The researchers of this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of morphine versus Tramal with virtual reality therapy (VR) in reducing pain and anxiety in female patients with breast cancer. The sample was composed of 80 women with breast cancer who where treated at a specialized cancer center in Jordan. A quasi-experimental design was used in the study intervention. When used with VR, the tramal analgesics did not differe significactly from the effect of morphine in reducing the pain and anxiety...

The primary objective of this research was to identify and explore the most potent and efficacious cyclooxygenase inhibitors, utilizing indole acetic acid drugs as a lead molecule. To achieve this objective, various derivatives ( 2a-2c and 2e-2g ) of the selected lead molecule, indomethacin, were synthesized using a reflux condensation process, targeting the hydroxyl group. The synthesized analogues were subjected to different spectroscopic procedures to determine their structure and confirm their analogues...

Application of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is often used to induce experimental colitis. Current state of the art is to refrain from the use of analgesics due to their possible interaction with the model. However, the use of analgesics would be beneficial to reduce the overall constraint imposed on the animals. Here, we analyzed the effect of the analgesics Dafalgan (paracetamol), Tramal (tramadol) and Novalgin (metamizole) on DSS-induced colitis. To study the effect of those analgesics in colitis mouse models, acute and chronic colitis was induced in female C57BL6 mice by DSS administration in the drinking water...

In this study, taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses of Junghuhnia were performed. Three new species were characterised according to morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis using ITS and nLSU sequences. They are J. austrosinensis sp. nov. , J. nandinae sp. nov. and J. subcollabens sp. nov. Junghuhnia austrosinensis is characterised by resupinate, thin basidiomata with white to buff-yellow hymenophore, small pores (9-11 per mm), clamped generative hyphae possessing hymenial cystidia, ellipsoid basidiospores (2...

Sidera is a polypore genus with white to cream or buff basidiomata, whose species in Hymenochaetales are poorly known. We study the phylogeny and diversity of Sidera based on our recent collections from tropic and subtropic Asian-Pacific regions. Phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit (nLSU) ribosomal RNA gene regions indicate that ten terminal lineages are well supported within Sidera . Based on morphological examination and phylogeny, four new species, viz...

Based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis, Fomitiporia rhamnoides sp. nov. is described. It is characterised by perennial, pileate basidiomata, distinctly shining poroid surface, a zonate context, 11-13 pores per mm, parallel tramal hyphae and regularly arranged contextual hyphae, the presence of cystidioles, globose, hyaline, thick-walled, smooth, dextrinoid, strongly cyanophilous basidiospores measuring 5.8-7 × 5.4-6.5 µm and growing on Hippophae rhamnoides in northern China. Fomitiporia rhamnoides differs from other Fomitiporia species growing on Hippophae by its smaller pores (11-13 per mm vs...

Phellinopsis (Hymenochaetaceae) was recently segregated from Phellinus. Phellinopsis differs from other genera segregated from Phellinus in a combination of hymenial setae, if present, mostly originating from tramal hyphae and hyaline basidiospores becoming pale yellowish with age. In this study, two new species of Phellinopsis, P. lonicericola and P. tibetica, from Tibet in southwestern China were described and illustrated. Morphological data and sequences of the nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region (internal transcribed spacer [ITS] barcode) support the recognition of these taxa as distinct...

UNLABELLED: The WHO analgesic guidelines for treatment of cancer pain have been proven safe and effective for most patients. However, there is still inadequate analgesia following that guideline based on pain degree. CASE REPORT: An 82-year-old man with history of right ceruminous gland carcinoma was treated by tumor resection following numerous courses of chemotherapy. He developed progressive pain ranging from 4 to 8 or 9 on the 0-10 numeric rating scale (NRS) involving the right side of face and neck area...

This study was aimed at a biopharmaceutical evaluation of a new oral dosage form of tramadol hydrochloride (TH)--slow release tablets obtained by hot tableting of coated pellets, 100 mg (TP), compared to the conventional slow release tablets, Tramal Retard, 100 mg (TR). Both TP and TR formulations showed a similar release profile of TH (f2 was 71) in in vitro release studies. The in vivo study was a two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence, single-oral dose 100 mg, crossover design using rabbit model with the phases separated by a washout period of 14 days...

The aim of this study was an in vitro - in vivo evaluation of a new oral dosage form of tramadol hydrochloride (TH), controlled-release capsules filled with coated pellets, 100 mg (TC), compared to the sustained release tablets, Tramal Retard, 100 mg (TR). In vitro release study of both formulations showed a similar release profile of TH over 8 h (f2 was 52). In vivo study (single oral, 100 mg dose administration in 8 rabbits) showed that the amount of TH absorbed into the systemic circulation after TC and TR administration was also similar (90% CI for AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-infinity) were 90-124% and 97-109%, respectively)...

BACKGROUND: Caudal block (CB) has some disadvantages, one of which is its short duration of action after a single injection. For hypospadias repair, pudendal nerve block (PNB) might be a suitable alternative since it has been successfully used for analgesia for circumcision. We evaluated PNB compared with CB as measured by total analgesic consumption 24 hours postoperatively. METHODS: In this prospective, double-blinded study, patients were randomized into 2 groups, either receiving CB or nerve stimulator-guided PNB...

UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND: Withholding analgesics in acute abdomen for fear of masking clinical features and impairing diagnosis and decision-making is still being practiced despite recent evidence to the contrary. This study assesses the effect of preoperative analgesia on clinical findings, clinical diagnosis, and decision-making in patients with non-trauma acute abdomen. METHOD: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study using Tramal, a brand of tramadol, at the ED of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo, Nigeria...

Phellinopsis, a recently proposed genus, differs from other genera in Hymenochaetaceae in having setae arising from tramal hyphae and hyaline basidiospores that become pale yellowish with age. The monophyly of 11 taxa, including seven from China, was strongly supported in our phylogeny of ITS sequences. Two species, Phellinopsis junipericola and P. resupinata, are newly described and illustrated from Chinese specimens based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence, bringing the number of known Phellinopsis species worldwide to four...

The regional methods of analgesia are the "golden standard" of choice during trauma surgeries. The supraclavicular block of the bracheal plexus is the method of choice during the cubital joint surgeries. The purpose of the study is to improve the effectiveness of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for surgical interventions on the cubital joint in children by developing and implementing the clinical practice of peripheral blockade of the brachial plexus by the supraclavicular access. The study included 40 children aged 5 to 12 years...

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Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology and Drug Monitoring, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków performs analysis for patients from Kraków and south-east Poland. The determinations are made for intoxicated patients treated in the Toxicology Ward, for addicted patients treated in Detoxification Unit and other hospitals. The most often determined compounds are psychoactive substances (ethanol, drugs of abuse, psychotropic medicines). The purpose of the paper was to study structure of positive results of some psychoactive substances within seven years...

AIMS: To assess clinical equivalence of 20 mg controlled-release oxycodone (Oxygesic; Mundipharma, Limburg, Germany) and 200 mg controlled-release tramadol (Tramal long; Grunenthal, Aachen, Germany) on a 12-hour dosing schedule in a randomized, double-blinded study of 54 ASA I-III physical status (American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of physical status) patients undergoing surgery for breast cancer. METHODS: General anesthesia using remifentanil and propofol was performed for surgery...

Chronic neuropathic pain syndrome observed prior to surgery not only influences the intensity of pain, but also reduces the efficiency of selective use of analgesics. The purpose of the investigation was to study the efficiency of various analgesics and their combinations after lumbar microdiskectomy. Seventy-six patients who had undergone lumbar microdiskectomy and who suffered from chronic back pain were examined. According to the mode of postoperative analgesia, the patients were divided into 4 groups: 1) 20 patients received i...

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to answer the question: "Is Arnica D4 as efficacious as diclofenac in relation to symptoms and wound healing after foot surgery?" METHODS: In this randomized double-blinded, parallel-group study (GCP-standard), the efficacy of Arnica D4 10 pillules (taken orally, 3 times per day) and diclofenac sodium, 50 mg (taken orally, 3 times per day) were investigated for equivalence in 88 patients 4 days after hallux valgus surgery. Outcome parameters were (1) postoperative irritation, (2) patient mobility, (3) rated pain, and (4) use of analgesics...