keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528903/medical-students-perceptions-on-preparedness-and-care-delivery-for-patients-with-autism-or-intellectual-disability
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Bitektine, M A Hintermayer, A Chen, A Ko, C Rodriguez
INTRODUCTION: To provide competent care to patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual developmental disorder (IDD), healthcare professionals must recognize the needs of neurodivergent populations and adapt their clinical approach. We assessed the perceived preparedness of medical students to adapt care delivery for patients with ASD/IDD, as well as their perceptions on neurodiversity education. METHODS: We conducted a sequential explanatory mixed-methods study on undergraduate medical students at McGill University during the academic year 2020-2021...
February 2024: Canadian Medical Education Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38334088/in-memoriam-professor-joseph-biederman-s-contributions-to-child-and-adolescent-psychiatry
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen V Faraone, Jeffrey H Newcorn, Janet Wozniak, Gagan Joshi, Barbara Coffey, Mai Uchida, Timothy Wilens, Craig Surman, Thomas J Spencer
OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of Joe Biederman's contributions to child and adolescent psychiatry. METHOD: Nine colleagues described his contributions to: psychopharmacology, comorbidity and genetics, pediatric bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette's and tic disorders, clinical and neuro biomarkers for pediatric mood disorders, executive functioning, and adult ADHD. RESULTS: Joe Biederman left us with many concrete indicators of his contributions to child and adolescent psychiatry...
February 9, 2024: Journal of Attention Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37915002/intellectual-disabilities-teaching-for-medical-students-a-scoping-review
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Georgia Towson, Stephanie Daley, Sube Banerjee
BACKGROUND: People with intellectual disabilities are a marginalized group whose health experiences and outcomes are poor. Lack of skill and knowledge in the healthcare workforce is a contributing factor. In England, there is a new legislative requirement for mandatory intellectual disability training to be given to the existing healthcare workforce, including doctors. There is a lack of evidence about effective models of educational delivery of such training in medical schools. We undertook a scoping review to assess the range of intellectual disabilities educational interventions and their effectiveness...
November 1, 2023: BMC Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37703261/bisphenol-a-and-phthalate-metabolism-in-children-with-neurodevelopmental-disorders
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Peter Stein, Margaret D Schluter, Robert A Steer, Xue Ming
BACKGROUND: The etiology of autism spectrum (ASD) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders are multifactorial. Epidemiological studies have shown associations with environmental pollutants, such as plasticizers. This study focused on two of these compounds, the Bisphenol-A (BPA) and Diethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP). The major pathway for BPA and DEHP excretion is via glucuronidation. Glucuronidation makes insoluble substances more water-soluble allowing for their subsequent elimination in urine...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37264701/the-experiences-of-autistic-medical-students-a-phenomenological-study
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian C K Shaw, Mary Doherty, John L Anderson
BACKGROUND: Increasing recognition of autism is reflected in the growing awareness of autistic health care providers. Regulatory bodies including the UK General Medical Council and the UK Medical Schools Council have published guidance fostering inclusion. Whilst many autistic doctors and students are thriving, many may not disclose their diagnosis unless difficulties arise, which perpetuates stereotypes. No studies have explored the experiences of autistic medical students. We aimed to do this...
June 1, 2023: Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36926183/medical-student-perceptions-of-autism-education-a-qualitative-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Gallaher, Ceri Butler, Sube Banerjee, Juliet Wright, Ann White, Stephanie Daley
BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of autism is reported to be at least 1% and is rising. Autistic people have a range of comorbidities resulting in a high use of health services. Doctors of nearly all specialties are likely to encounter autistic people in their practice. Autistic people report dissatisfactory care and encounter disproportionately worse health-related outcomes than non-autistic people, which in part has been attributed to a lack of skill and awareness in the medical workforce...
2023: Front Rehabil Sci
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36308504/qigong-in-perceptual-auditory-attention-tool-to-improve-sound-integration-in-autism-spectrum-disorders
#7
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Lara Teixeira Lopes, Luis Carlos Matos, Mario Gonçalves, Bruno Ramos, Maria Joao Santos, Jorge Machado, Henry Johannes Greten
CONTEXT: Qigong, a mind-body practice in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can improve cognitive functions, emotional balance, attention, multitask management, stress-coping, and well-being. One limitation of Qigong research is a lack of adequate controls. OBJECTIVE: The current study intended to evaluate whether a single 5-min practice of a White Ball (WB) Qigong exercise could improve the perceptual auditory attention, divided and focused, in adults and whether obtaining potential effects would require a minimum level of training...
July 2022: Advances in Mind-body Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36192723/factors-affecting-knowledge-of-autism-spectrum-disorder-among-pediatric-residents-in-eastern-china-a-cross-sectional-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao Song, Lingling Wu, Yunxia Hong, Xiaoyang Chen, Zhiwei Zhu
BACKGROUND: There is a global increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Early identification of ASD in children and intervention are key aspects in the management of ASD. However, early identification is partly dependent on knowledge on ASD among pediatricians. This study analyzed the extent of ASD knowledge and its underlying factors among pediatric residents in eastern China, to provide a reference for medical education reforms. METHODS: The study employed the Knowledge about Childhood Autism among Health Workers questionnaire...
October 3, 2022: BMC Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34801018/construct-validity-for-the-self-reported-competency-and-sub-construct-associated-characteristics-of-romanian-physicians-in-autism-spectrum-disorder
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad H Rahbar, Iuliana Dobrescu, Shezeen Gillani, Manouchehr Hessabi, Sori Kim, Mihaela Stancu, Florina Rad
BACKGROUND: Lack of physicians' knowledge regarding mental health, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) could have adverse effects on affected individuals' health and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to provide construct validity for a modified questionnaire in order to determine the self-reported competency for underlying sub-constructs in ASD, make inferences on perceived competence in ASD based on a sample of Romanian physicians, and identify physicians' characteristics associated with these sub-domains of competency...
November 20, 2021: BMC Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34737666/association-of-autism-spectrum-disorder-and-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-traits-with-depression-and-empathy-among-medical-students
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takafumi Watanabe, Masaki Kondo, Mie Sakai, So Takabatake, Toshiaki A Furukawa, Tatsuo Akechi
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the associations of the traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with depression and empathy among medical students. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 202 fifth-year students at a Japanese medical school for 10 months during their clinical clerkship. The survey included sociodemographic questions and validated tools to measure depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]), medical students' empathy for patients (Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Student version [JSE]), ADHD traits (ADHD Self-Report Scale Screener [ASRS Screener]), and ASD traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient Japanese version-21 [AQ-J-21])...
2021: Advances in Medical Education and Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34526461/the-impact-of-childhood-disease-on-hospital-visiting-a-survey-of-pediatricians
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanako Tajima, Juri Ogawa, Izuru Nose, Ruby Pawankar, Miho Maeda, Morihisa Takarabe, Yutaka Momota, Miki Kakinuma
BACKGROUND: The precise timing as to when caregivers should take their children to the hospital is crucial to ensure the health and safety of children. As children cannot make these decisions on their own, caregivers bear the core responsibility for the wellness of their children. The aim of this study was to determine how disease, disabilities and child behavior can influence when and how often caregivers take their children to the hospital. METHODS: A structured anonymous online survey was circulated to pediatricians in Japan...
September 14, 2021: Journal of Nippon Medical School
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32110151/depression-anxiety-symptoms-and-stigma-perception-in-mothers-of-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Büşra Öz, Tuğba Yüksel, Serhat Nasiroğlu
INTRODUCTION: In our study, the effect of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the internalized stigma perception, symptoms of depression and anxiety and the quality of life is investigated in the mothers of children with this disorder. METHODS: Our research includes 69 patients who applied to Dicle University Medical School Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department polyclinic between April 20-December 25, 2017 and were followed-up at least 6 months with ASD diagnosis...
March 2020: Noro Psikiyatri Arsivi
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31791810/first-year-allopathic-medical-student-attitudes-about-vaccination-and-vaccine-hesitancy
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily Onello, Samantha Friedrichsen, Kristine Krafts, Glenn Simmons, Kevin Diebel
First year medical students at an allopathic medical school regional campus were asked to complete a 10-question survey at both the beginning and the conclusion of a required course on immunology, hematology and oncology. The survey was designed to solicit student attitudes about vaccination and the students' level of comfort with and exposure to vaccine hesitant patients. Surveys were administered to five consecutive classes from 2013 to 2017. Total response rate for completion of both surveys was 58.0% (178/307)...
January 22, 2020: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31592689/wellbeing-and-mental-health-among-medical-students-in-paraguay
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julio Torales, Murtaza Kadhum, Gabriel Zárate, Iván Barrios, Israel González, Sarah Marie Farrell, Antonio Ventriglio, Andrés Arce
Medical students' wellbeing and mental health are of extreme importance. Studies from around the world have shown that the rates of burnout appear to be high. It is also well recognized that individuals with mental illnesses frequently avoid seeking help for fear of stigma, affecting their careers and being rejected or treated differently by their peers, or due to the perception that they will be deemed unfit for practice or rejected from their preferred specialty. Students who are open about their mental health conditions are often ostracized by their own peers and dismissed or even mistreated by teachers who consider mental 'toughness' to be a requirement for success in the medical arena...
November 2019: International Review of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31106185/contemporary-trainee-knowledge-of-autism-how-prepared-are-our-future-providers
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristine Austriaco, Inmaculada Aban, James Willig, Michele Kong
Background: Over the last several decades, the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has continued to increase, creating a unique challenge for general physicians who are likely to encounter these patients in their practice. The primary aim of this cross-sectional study design was to identify potential knowledge gaps that were present among medical students and pediatric trainees (interns, residents, and fellows) particularly during the management of a sick child with ASD. Methods: A 23-question online survey was developed and distributed to medical students and pediatric trainees at a tertiary children's hospital affiliated with a medical school...
2019: Frontiers in Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30907929/effect-of-wearable-digital-intervention-for-improving-socialization-in-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-a-randomized-clinical-trial
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catalin Voss, Jessey Schwartz, Jena Daniels, Aaron Kline, Nick Haber, Peter Washington, Qandeel Tariq, Thomas N Robinson, Manisha Desai, Jennifer M Phillips, Carl Feinstein, Terry Winograd, Dennis P Wall
Importance: Autism behavioral therapy is effective but expensive and difficult to access. While mobile technology-based therapy can alleviate wait-lists and scale for increasing demand, few clinical trials exist to support its use for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) care. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Superpower Glass, an artificial intelligence-driven wearable behavioral intervention for improving social outcomes of children with ASD. Design, Setting, and Participants: A randomized clinical trial in which participants received the Superpower Glass intervention plus standard of care applied behavioral analysis therapy and control participants received only applied behavioral analysis therapy...
May 1, 2019: JAMA Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30220019/-in-medical-school-you-get-far-more-training-on-medical-stuff-than-developmental-stuff-perspectives-on-asd-from-ontario-physicians
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Golnaz Ghaderi, Shelley L Watson
This study investigated the knowledge and perceived competence of Ontario physicians regarding the diagnosis and treatment of ASDs. Previous research demonstrates that many physicians would like more education regarding diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Twenty-seven Ontario physicians filled out a questionnaire and participated in a semi-structured interview. Findings revealed that despite participants' high perceived knowledge regarding diagnosis and treatment of ASDs, they feel uncomfortable in providing care for this population...
February 2019: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29796236/a-sorting-statistic-with-application-in-neurological-magnetic-resonance-imaging-of-autism
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacob Levman, Emi Takahashi, Cynthia Forgeron, Patrick MacDonald, Natalie Stewart, Ashley Lim, Anne Martel
Effect size refers to the assessment of the extent of differences between two groups of samples on a single measurement. Assessing effect size in medical research is typically accomplished with Cohen's d statistic. Cohen's d statistic assumes that average values are good estimators of the position of a distribution of numbers and also assumes Gaussian (or bell-shaped) underlying data distributions. In this paper, we present an alternative evaluative statistic that can quantify differences between two data distributions in a manner that is similar to traditional effect size calculations; however, the proposed approach avoids making assumptions regarding the shape of the underlying data distribution...
2018: Journal of Healthcare Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28449247/informant-discrepancy-defines-discrete-clinically-useful-autism-spectrum-disorder-subgroups
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew D Lerner, Andres De Los Reyes, Deborah A G Drabick, Alan H Gerber, Kenneth D Gadow
BACKGROUND: Discrepancy between informants (parents and teachers) in severity ratings of core symptoms commonly arise when assessing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Whether such discrepancy yields unique information about the ASD phenotype and its clinical correlates has not been examined. We examined whether degree of discrepancy between parent and teacher ASD symptom ratings defines discrete, clinically meaningful subgroups of youth with ASD using an efficient, cost-effective procedure...
July 2017: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27103117/a-pilot-study-for-understanding-the-perceptions-of-australian-general-practitioners-regarding-psychopharmacology-for-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorders
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pankaj Garg, David Lillystone, David Dossetor, John Eastwood, Siaw-Teng Liaw
BACKGROUND: General practitioners (GPs) are increasing involved in the care of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), and prescribe and/or manage psychotropic medications for these children. Few published reports of perceptions of GPs regarding use of these medications exist in the literature. OBJECTIVE: Qualitative analysis of comments by 177 GPs regarding psychopharmacology use in children with ASDs. METHODS: A postal questionnaire survey containing both close- and open-ended questions was conducted in New South Wales, Australia...
October 2016: Journal of Primary Care & Community Health
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