Pre exposure prophylaxis hiv

HIV disproportionately affects Black/African Americans (AA), while PrEP is under-utilized by Black/AA, women, and people who inject drugs (PWID). In San Francisco, California's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance among PWID in 2022, Black/AA women were the least likely to be tested for HIV among all groups by sex and race/ethnicity and the least likely to be aware of PrEP among women. Yet, Black/AA women were no less likely to see a healthcare provider in the last year. Data suggest that providers' failure to discuss and address HIV risk with Black/AA female PWID is a major barrier to accessing effective care and prevention...

Emergency departments (ED) provide care to populations with high rates of communicable diseases, like HIV, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis. For many patients, the ED is their sole entry point into the healthcare system and they do not routinely access screening and prevention services elsewhere. As such, the ED can serve an important public health role through communicable disease identification, treatment, and prevention. In this article, we examine national recommendations, peer-reviewed literature, and expert consensus to provide cutting edge strategies for implementing communicable infectious disease screening and prevention programs into routine ED care...

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we compared the performance of a self-administered point-of-care test (POCT) for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) screening with laboratory gold-standard test in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users and evaluated its feasibility. METHODS: We enrolled PrEP users from a local community-based PrEP service. Each participant self-collected an anal swab to test anal HPV with a PCR POCT capable of detecting 14 high-risk HPV genotypes. Anonymous questionnaires on self-sampling feasibility were completed...

PURPOSE: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV transmission. However, oral PrEP uptake is low, particularly among sexual and gender minority youth who are vulnerable to HIV infection. Alternative methods of PrEP delivery, such as long-acting injectable (LAI) PrEP may overcome barriers and be preferred. However, attitudes and preferences of younger sexual and gender minorities towards LAI PrEP have not been well studied. The purpose of this study is to describe preferences for initiating LAI PrEP among sexual and gender minority youth...

BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine is associated with increased HIV risk and suboptimal adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Interventions to support PrEP adherence for people who use methamphetamine are needed. METHODS: We evaluated peer navigation to support adherence among people initiating PrEP who use methamphetamine. The <u>H</u>IV Prevention in <u>M</u>ethamphetamine <u>U</u>sers (HMU!) study enrolled participants from May 2018-January 2022 in Seattle, WA, and followed them for 6 months...

INTRODUCTION: Gonorrhoea, the sexually transmissible infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae , has a substantial impact on sexual and reproductive health globally with an estimated 82 million new infections each year worldwide. N. gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance continues to escalate, and disease control is largely reliant on effective therapy as there is no proven effective gonococcal vaccine available. However, there is increasing evidence from observational cohort studies that the serogroup B meningococcal vaccine four-component meningitis B vaccine (4CMenB) (Bexsero), licensed to prevent invasive disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis , may provide cross-protection against the closely related bacterium N...

BACKGROUND: In the past few years, a burgeoning interest has emerged in applying gamification to promote desired health behaviors. However, little is known about the effectiveness of such applications in the HIV prevention and care continuum among men who have sex with men (MSM). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to summarize and evaluate research on the effectiveness of gamification on the HIV prevention and care continuum, including HIV-testing promotion; condomless anal sex (CAS) reduction; and uptake of and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), and antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

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Estimates of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage in the U.S. military, defined as the proportion of the persons taking HIV PrEP out of the estimated number of persons who had indications for it, have never been published. The objective of this study was to provide an estimate of HIV PrEP coverage comparable to U.S. civilian estimates. The population with indications for HIV PrEP was obtained from the Department of Defense 2018 Health Related Behaviors Survey, a stratified random sample of members of all military service branches...

BACKGROUND: The syndemic nature of gonococcal infections and HIV provides an opportunity to develop a synergistic intervention tool that could address the need for adequate treatment for gonorrhea, screen for HIV infections, and offer pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for persons who meet the criteria. By leveraging information available on electronic health records, a clinical decision support (CDS) system tool could fulfill this need and improve adherence to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) treatment and screening guidelines for gonorrhea, HIV, and PrEP...

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective tool in HIV prevention but is rarely prescribed by primary care physicians. A survey conducted among 147 physicians to assess their knowledge and interest in prescribing PrEP shows that 97% stated they have already heard of PrEP, but their knowledge of its indications, dosage, price, and side-effects is often incomplete or incorrect. For 69% of them, the main obstacle to prescribing PrEP is the lack of training on the subject. However, 70% of physicians express interest in receiving training to confidently prescribe PrEP to their patients...

Body weight is influenced by an interplay of individual and environmental factors. In people with HIV (PWH), weight is also influenced by disease status with loss accompanying disease progression that is reversed with effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Weight changes in comparative ART trials differ by regimen, with greater gains observed with the integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) dolutegravir and bictegravir, particularly when co-administered with tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF), compared to regimens that include agents such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) that attenuate weight gain...

When participants enrolled in an HIV prevention trial hold a preventive misconception (PM) - expectations that experimental interventions will confer protection from HIV infection - they may engage in behaviors that increase their risk of acquiring HIV. This can raise ethical concerns about whether those enrolled in the trial understand the nature of participation and their safety. Consequently, we systematically evaluated the prevalence of PM and its association with risk behaviors in a trial examining three candidate regimens for oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in which all participants received at least one antiretroviral agent...

INTRODUCTION: Few studies focused on the Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) -related aspects, and the applicability of prior evidence to young men who have sex with men (YMSM) students was unknown. This study aimed to assess the awareness, willingness, uptake, and adherence (AWUA) to PrEP among YMSM students in China and to explore the associated factors with these stages. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey with a sizable sample of 1151 was conducted among YMSM students aged 16 and above, who self-identified as men who have sex with men(MSM) and resided in mainland China between October 20 and December 20, 2021...

The FDA's approval of long-acting injectable cabotegravir pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI PrEP) as an alternative to daily oral PrEP represents a crucial development in HIV prevention, particularly for American Black cisgender women who face high HIV-1 risks. Yet, uptake may be hindered by racial and gender inequities. Addressing these requires learning from the roll-out of oral PrEP, creating culturally tailored PrEP campaigns, and enhancing provider training to meet Black women's needs. Tools for discussing PrEP within personal relationships and product preference research tailored to Black women's needs are essential for effective LAI PrEP delivery...

INTRODUCTION: Following HIV testing services (HTS), the World Health Organization recommends prompt linkage to prevention and treatment. Scale-up of effective linkage strategies is essential to achieving the global 95-95-95 goals for maintaining low HIV incidence by 2030 and reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Whereas linkage to care including same-day antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation for all people with HIV is now routinely implemented in testing programmes, linkage to HIV prevention interventions including behavioural or biomedical strategies, for HIV-negative individuals remains sub-optimal...

OBJECTIVES: Although oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV is being rolled out in West Africa, data on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in PrEP users are scarce. We assessed the prevalence, incidence and determinants of bacterial STIs in men who have sex with men (MSM) taking PrEP in Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Togo. METHODS: A prospective cohort study among MSM initiating PrEP as part of a comprehensive HIV prevention package was conducted between 2017 and 2021 in community-based clinics in the four study countries...

BACKGROUND: Community pharmacies are ideal venues for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery. Pharmacists and pharmacy-based PrEP delivery programs have the potential to improve access. OBJECTIVES: This study elicited preferences for attributes of a hypothetical community pharmacy-based PrEP delivery program among US men who have sex with men (MSM) and assessed predictors of their preferences. METHODS: Data were collected via a cross-sectional anonymous survey of US MSM, who were aged 18-65 years, not transgender, reported HIV status negative/unknown, and PrEP eligible...

Short- and long-term impacts of the climate crisis continue to be felt across the public health landscape. Many individuals marginalized by the climate crisis also navigate a higher likelihood of exposure to HIV. By understanding this relationship, we can better position HIV prevention, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) programs specifically, to meet user needs in communities experiencing the effects of the climate crisis. In support, we propose four recommendations for mitigating the impact of the climate crisis on those who may benefit from PrEP: (1) leverage existing and emerging research and lived experience to intentionally target and appropriately reach individuals affected by the climate crisis who may need or want PrEP; (2) emphasize the need for more climate-resilient PrEP products within the research and development pipeline; (3) build a continued understanding of the role of the climate crisis-HIV relationship in product introduction through national collaboration; and (4) strengthen the integration of PrEP service delivery and response to intimate partner violence...

INTRODUCTION: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective method for prevention of HIV transmission. Female sex workers (FSW) in Malaysia are at substantially increased risk of acquiring HIV compared to the general female population, yet little is known about this population's current HIV prevention practices or acceptance of PrEP. This study aims to inform the culturally relevant implementation of PrEP through the qualitative exploration of (1) the potential need for PrEP in this population and (2) the factors that determine FSW willingness to use oral PrEP...