Diffusion lung capacity for monoxide carbon

BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) may provide clinicians and researchers with direct insights into disease impact and patient well-being. We assessed whether selected PROMs and their domains are associated with baseline and longitudinal changes in lung function and can predict mortality in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (f-ILD). METHODS: A single-centre prospective study of adult patients with f-ILD enrolled over 3 years was conducted assessing baseline and short-term changes in PROMs...

BACKGROUND: Breathlessness is a troublesome and prevalent symptom in the population, but knowledge of related factors is scarce. The aim of this study was to identify the factors most strongly associated with breathlessness in the general population and to describe the shapes of the associations between the main factors and breathlessness. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was carried out of the multicentre population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) of adults aged 50 to 64 years...

BACKGROUND: Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) has the advantage of assessing regional lung function. We aimed to investigate the potential of ventilation (SPECT/CT) for predicting postoperative lung function in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: This retrospective study included consecutive patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy, preoperative ventilation, and perfusion SPECT/CT between January 2020 and December 2021...

BACKGROUND: In patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD), a progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) typically demonstrates worsening respiratory symptoms, lung function decline and continuing fibrosis. The goal of this study was to compare the three different diagnostic criteria of PPF. METHODS: Except for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), all consecutive adult patients with fibrotic ILD were retrospectively examined for the three predefined diagnostic criteria of PPF...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Respiratory complications in liver cirrhosis can occur due to various mechanisms, such as ascites causing restricted lung expansion and opening of intrapulmonary vascular shunts due to high portal pressures. We aimed to study the effects of the liver dysfunction on the lungs by evaluating arterial blood gas (ABG) and pulmonary function test (PFT) of all study subjects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done between August 2020 and September 2022...

BACKGROUND: Mapping of the pulmonary lymphatic system by near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging might not always identify the first lymph node relay. The aim of this study was to determine the clinicopathologic factors allowing the identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by NIR fluorescence imaging in thoracic surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 92 patients treated for suspected or confirmed cN0 lung cancer with curative intent who underwent an intraoperative injection of indocyanine green (ICG) either by direct peritumoral injection or by endobronchial injection using electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB)...

BACKGROUND: Sulfur mustard (SM) exposure causes acute and chronic respiratory diseases. The extent of small airway dysfunction (SAD) in individuals exposed to SM is unclear. This study evaluated and compared SAD in SM-exposed and SM-unexposed participants using noninvasive lung function tests assessing small airway function. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study involved SM-exposed ( n = 15, mean age: 53 ± 8 years) and SM-unexposed ( n = 15, mean age: 53 ± 7 years) Kurdish-Swedish individuals in Sweden...

RATIONALE: Nocturnal hypoxemia is common in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although impaired diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is associated with daytime hypoxemia, its influence on SDB-related nocturnal hypoxemia is not known. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of DLCO impairment on SDB-related nocturnal hypoxemia and associated health outcomes. METHODS: Data from a multi-center cohort of men with and without HIV, with concomitant measures of DLCO and home-based polysomnography (N=544), were analyzed...

OBJECTIVES: Severe pulmonary complications such as postoperative respiratory failure can occur after minimally invasive oesophagectomy. However, the risk factors have not been well identified. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for the occurrence of postoperative respiratory failure with a large sample. METHODS: We collected data from patients with oesophageal cancer who received minimally invasive oesophagectomy at Shanghai Chest Hospital from 2019 to 2022...

Limited information is available regarding the association between preoperative lung function and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients with esophageal cancer who undergo esophagectomy. This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients were classified into low and high lung function groups by the cutoff of the lowest fifth quintile of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ) %predicted (%pred) and diffusing capacity of the carbon monoxide (DLco) %pred. The PPCs compromised of atelectasis requiring bronchoscopic intervention, pneumonia, and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome...

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes various signs and symptoms, especially lung involvement, during acute infection and in the long term. In this study, we evaluated the follow-up results of patients with chronic COVID-19 over a 24-week period. METHODS: The study included a total of 100 post-COVID-19 patients (confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of a nasopharyngeal swab) who presented to the post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic with chronic COVID-19 symptoms 12 weeks after diagnosis, between April and June 2021...

BACKGROUND: New variants of the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continue to emerge. However, little is known about the effect of these variants on clinical outcomes. This study evaluated the risk factors for poor pulmonary lung function test (PFT). METHODS: The study retrospectively analyzed 87 patients in a single hospital and followed up by performing PFTs at an outpatient clinic from January 2020 to December 2021. COVID-19 variants were categorized as either a non-delta variant (November 13, 2020-July 6, 2021) or the delta variant (July 7, 2021-January 29, 2022)...

Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) is a type of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with immune features that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for specific connective tissue diseases (CTDs). This retrospective case-control study investigated the role of serum B-cell-activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) and interleukin (IL)-17 as biomarkers for IPAF. The differences in serum BAFF, IL-17, and IL-10 were compared among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), IPAF, ILD associated with CTD (CTD-ILD), and healthy controls...

OBJECTIVE: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory and/or fibrotic lung disease. The restrictive lung function with low diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) is common in interstitial lung diseases (ILD). There are limited data on pulmonary function test (PFT) in HP and its role for diagnosis is questionable. We analyzed the data of 152 HP patients for type of defect, lung volume, and DLCO. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study is a retrospective analysis of 152 patients at one of the tertiary chest institutes in India...

PURPOSE: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) has been shown to alter regional ventilation and perfusion in the lung. However, changes in regional pulmonary gas exchange have not previously been measured. METHODS: Ten patients receiving conventional radiation therapy (RT) for lung cancer underwent pre-RT and 3-month post-RT MRI using an established hyperpolarized-129 Xe gas exchange technique to map lung function. Four patients underwent an additional 8-month post-RT MRI...

IMPORTANCE: Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been reported to be at high risk of toxic effects after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), but for many patients, there are limited alternative treatment options. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively assess the benefits and toxic effects of SABR in this patient population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective cohort study was conducted at 6 academic radiation oncology institutions, 5 in Canada and 1 in Scotland, with accrual between March 7, 2019, and January 12, 2022...

BACKGROUND: Systemic corticosteroids have been shown to improve outcomes in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia; however, their role in post-COVID-19 persistent lung abnormalities is not well defined. Here, we describe our experience with corticosteroids in patients with persistent lung infiltrates following COVID-19 infection. RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in improving lung function and radiological abnormalities in patients following COVID-19 pneumonia? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study evaluating patients with persistent respiratory symptoms and abnormal chest computed tomography findings...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative respiratory failure is the most frequent complication in postsurgical patients. The purpose of this study is to assess whether pulmonary function testing in high-risk patients during preoperative assessment detects previously unknown respiratory impairments which may influence patient outcomes. METHODS: A targeted patient screening by spirometry and the measurement of the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO ) was implemented in the anesthesia department of a tertiary university hospital...

Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of respiratory diseases often related to connective tissue diseases. Some patients will develop an ILD with autoimmune features without reaching the recommended criteria for autoimmune diseases. Their management is difficult because they have both features for idiopathic and connective tissue disease. To better identify these patients, the concept of interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) has been created. The diagnosis relies on ILD without identified cause and the presence of at least one defined criterion among 2 of the 3 following domains: clinic, serologic, and morphologic...

BACKGROUND: The clinical phenotype of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients has changed. . Whether or not subgroups of IPAH patients have different vascular phenotypes is a subject of debate. RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the histological patterns and their clinical correlates in patients diagnosed with IPAH or hereditary PAH? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this this cross-sectional registry study lung histology of 50 IPAH patients was qualitatively assessed by two experienced pathologists...