Roxana N Beladi, Kyle S Varkoly, Lauren Schutz, Liqiang Zhang, Jordan R Yaron, Qiuyun Guo, Michelle Burgin, Ian Hogue, Wesley Tierney, Wojciech Dobrowski, Alexandra R Lucas
Progressive neurological damage after brain or spinal cord trauma causes loss of motor function and treatment is very limited. Clotting and hemorrhage occur early after spinal cord (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), inducing aggressive immune cell activation and progressive neuronal damage. Thrombotic and thrombolytic proteases have direct effects on neurons and glia, both healing and also damaging, bidirectional immune cell interactions. Serine proteases in the thrombolytic cascade, tissue- and urokinase-type plasminogen activators (tPA and uPA), as well as the clotting factor thrombin have varied effects, increasing neuron and glial cell growth and migration (tPA), or conversely causing apoptosis (thrombin) and activating inflammatory cell responses...
February 25, 2021: Current Neuropharmacology