keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472004/neuropathic-pain-in-burn-patients-a-common-problem-with-little-literature-a-systematic-review
#1
REVIEW
Eloise Stanton, Paul Won, Artur Manasyan, Sandeep Gurram, T Justin Gilllenwater, Haig A Yenikomshian
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of neuropathic pain (NP) in burn patients is reported in the literature to be as high as 80%1 . Given the complexity of NP in burn patients and the wide range of treatments available, a systematic review of the literature is warranted to summarize our current understanding of management and treatment of NP in this population. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines...
February 28, 2024: Burns
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38424567/quadruple-pharmacotherapy-for-alcohol-use-disorder-tolerable-yet-insufficient-a-case-report
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dale Terasaki, Aimee Ellinwood, Dan White
BACKGROUND: Combinations of alcohol use disorder (AUD) medications have been investigated, but few if any reports describe patients maintained on more than two options at the same time. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a middle-aged man hospitalized with gastrointestinal bleeding and acute kidney injury who had been maintained on four AUD medications (naltrexone, acamprosate, disulfiram, and gabapentin) and multiple psychiatric medications simultaneously as an outpatient...
February 29, 2024: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38408060/pilot-rct-comparing-low-dose-naltrexone-gabapentin-and-placebo-to-reduce-pain-among-people-with-hiv-with-alcohol-problems
#3
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Judith I Tsui, Sarah L Rossi, Debbie M Cheng, Sally Bendiks, Marina Vetrova, Elena Blokhina, Michael Winter, Natalia Gnatienko, Miroslav Backonja, Kendall Bryant, Evgeny Krupitsky, Jeffrey H Samet
BACKGROUND: To estimate the effects on pain of two medications (low-dose naltrexone and gabapentin) compared to placebo among people with HIV (PWH) with heavy alcohol use and chronic pain. METHODS: We conducted a pilot, randomized, double-blinded, 3-arm study of PWH with chronic pain and past-year heavy alcohol use in 2021. Participants were recruited in St. Petersburg, Russia, and randomized to receive daily low-dose naltrexone (4.5mg), gabapentin (up to 1800mg), or placebo...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38339875/phenibut-review-and-pharmacologic-approaches-to-treating-withdrawal
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Scott R Penzak, Marilyn Bulloch
β-Phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid (phenibut) is an analog of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that was first synthesized in Russia in the early 1960s. It is marketed as a nootropic (smart drug) to improve cognitive performance, and to treat generalized and social anxiety, insomnia, and alcohol withdrawal. The use of phenibut is legal in the USA and it is widely available online without a prescription. Increased public awareness of phenibut has led to a growing number of reports of acute intoxication and withdrawal...
February 10, 2024: Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38227873/medications-for-alcohol-use-disorder
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisabeth Poorman, Brianna M McQuade, Sarah Messmer
Excessive alcohol use is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States, with alcohol-related deaths increasing during the pandemic. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration recommends that physicians offer pharmacotherapy with behavioral interventions for patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder. Several medications are available to help patients reduce drinking and maintain abstinence; however, in 2019, only 7.3% of Americans with alcohol use disorder received any treatment, and only 1...
January 2024: American Family Physician
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38170803/comparative-efficacy-of-various-pharmacologic-treatments-for-alcohol-withdrawal-syndrome-a-systematic-review-and-network-meta-analysis
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Qu, Xue-Ping Ma, Alimujiang Simayi, Xiao-Li Wang, Gui-Ping Xu
This study was to compare multiple classes of medications and medication combinations to find alternatives or additives for patients not applicable to benzodiazepines (BZDs). We performed a network meta-analysis to assess the comparative effect of 11 pharmacologic treatments in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Forty-one studies were included, comprising a total sample size of 4187 participants. The pooled results from the randomized controlled trials showed that there was no significant difference in the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment-Alcohol, revised (CIWA-Ar) reduction with other medications or medication combinations compared to BZDs...
December 27, 2023: International Clinical Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38031769/a-hidden-pandemic-abuse-of-gabapentinoids-a-brief-review-of-recent-studies
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gamze Zengin İspir, Mustafa Danışman, Kübra Sezer Katar
BACKGROUND: Gabapentin and pregabalin were developed for epilepsy and neuropathic pain. They work via voltage-gated calcium channels and are used for broad-spectrum diagnoses, e.g., epilepsy, neuropathic pain, other chronic pain syndromes, anxiety disorders, alcohol-drug withdrawal syndromes, agitation, insomnia, etc. Especially in a world dealing with the opioid crisis, gabapentinoids were considered safer alternatives to opioid analgesics. METHODS: This review aims to comprehensively search and summarize recent studies concerning the abuse of gabapentinoids published between 2021 and 2022 from various regions around the world...
November 28, 2023: Current Drug Research Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37934662/eliminating-the-benzos-a-benzodiazepine-sparing-approach-to-preventing-and-treating-alcohol-withdrawal-syndrome-eliminating-the-benzos
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mary Alyce McCullough, Preston R Miller, Tamriage Martin, Kristin A Rebo, Gregory R Stettler, Robert Shayn Martin, Morgan Cantley, Elizabeth H Shilling, James J Hoth, Andrew M Nunn
BACKGROUND: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) represents significant cost to the hospitalized trauma population from a clinical and financial perspective. Historically, AWS has been managed with benzodiazepines. Despite their efficacy, benzodiazepines carry a heavy side effect profile. Recently, benzodiazepine sparing protocols for the prophylaxis and treatment of AWS have been used in medical patient populations. Most existing benzodiazepine-sparing protocols utilize phenobarbital while ours primarily utilizes gabapentin and clonidine, and no such protocol has been developed and examined for safety and efficacy specifically within a trauma population...
November 7, 2023: Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37735346/anti-craving-medications-for-alcohol-use-disorder-treatment-in-the-emergency-department-a-systematic-review-of-direct-evidence-for-seam-grace
#9
REVIEW
Kiran Punia, William Scott, Kriti Manuja, Monica Sabbineni, Kaitryn Campbell, Iris M Balodis, James MacKillop
OBJECTIVES: Alcohol-related concerns commonly present to the emergency department (ED), with a subset of individuals experiencing the symptoms of an alcohol use disorder (AUD). As such, examining the efficacy of pharmacological anti-craving treatment for AUD in the ED is of increasing interest. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the direct evidence assessing the efficacy of providing anti-craving medications for AUD treatment in the ED. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted according to the patient-intervention-control-outcome (PICO) question: (P) adults (≥18 years old) presenting to the ED with an AUD (including suspected AUD); (I) anti-craving medications (i...
September 21, 2023: Academic Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37626562/pharmacological-treatment-of-alcohol-cravings
#10
REVIEW
Matheus Cheibub David Marin, Maria Olívia Pozzolo Pedro, Giuliana Perrotte, Anderson S Martins-da-Silva, Dangela L S Lassi, Israel Kanaan Blaas, Fernando Ikeda Castaldelli, Maria Beatriz Brisola Dos Santos, Guilherme Trevizan Kortas, Marcela Waisman Campos, Julio Torales, Antonio Ventriglio, Cintia de Azevedo-Marques Périco, André B Negrão, Kae Leopoldo, Arthur Guerra de Andrade, André Malbergier, João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia
(1) Background: The treatment of substance addiction is challenging and has persisted for decades, with only a few therapeutic options. Although there are some recommendations for specific treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), there is no specific medication used to treat alcohol cravings, which could benefit millions of patients that are suffering from alcoholism. Cravings, or the urge to use drugs, refer to the desire to experience the effects of a previously experienced psychoactive substance. (2) Methods: We included original studies of alcohol abuse or dependence extracted from a controlled, blind, pharmacological treatment study which presented measures and outcomes related to alcohol cravings...
August 15, 2023: Brain Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37526592/medications-for-treating-alcohol-use-disorder-a-narrative-review
#11
REVIEW
Henry R Kranzler, Emily E Hartwell
Chronic heavy alcohol use impacts all major neurotransmitter systems and is associated with multiple medical, psychiatric, and social problems. Available evidence-based medications to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD) are underutilized in clinical practice. These medications promote abstinence or reduce alcohol consumption, though there are questions regarding their optimal dosage, length of treatment, and utility in combination with one another. Pharmacogenetic approaches, which use a patient's genetic make-up to inform medication selection, have garnered great interest but have yet to yield results robust enough to incorporate them in routine clinical care...
July 2023: Alcohol (Hanover)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37525595/overview-of-alcohol-use-disorder
#12
REVIEW
Henry R Kranzler
Alcohol is regularly consumed throughout most of the world, including by nearly half the U.S. population age 12 or older. Heavy drinking, which is also common, contributes to multiple adverse medical, psychiatric, and social outcomes and more than 140,000 deaths annually in the United States. It is the major risk factor for alcohol use disorder (AUD), whose current U.S. prevalence is 11%. However, AUD is undertreated, with less than 15% of individuals with a lifetime diagnosis receiving any treatment. Risk of AUD is nearly equally genetic and environmental...
August 1, 2023: American Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37469099/use-of-gabapentin-for-alcohol-withdrawal-syndrome-in-the-hospital-setting-a-randomized-open-label-controlled-trial
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruth E DeFoster, Robert J Morgan, Jonathan G Leung, Holly Schenzel, Priyanka Vijapura, Deanne T Kashiwagi, Karen M Fischer, Kemuel L Philbrick, Simon Kung
Background/objectives: Patients hospitalized with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) are typically treated with CIWA-directed benzodiazepines to prevent complications, such as seizures and delirium tremens. Gabapentin is an evidence-based alternative to benzodiazepines in the outpatient setting, but there is limited data for hospitalized patients with AWS. This study compared fixed-dose gabapentin to CIWA-directed benzodiazepines for AWS in the hospital setting. Methods: This open-label, randomized controlled trial enrolled 88 adults from February 1, 2017 to August 16, 2020 with a risk of complicated alcohol withdrawal as defined by the Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale (PAWSS) ≥4...
July 19, 2023: Substance Use & Misuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37401272/abuse-and-addiction-in-gabapentinoid-drug-users-for-neuropathic-pain
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Z Kiliç, E Aydin Özaslan
OBJECTIVE: Gabapentinoids are gamma-aminobutyric acid analogue agents used in the treatment of neuropathic pain. They are increasingly being abused to achieve euphoric and dissociative effects. This study aimed to determine drug misuse/abuse and related factors in patients who used gabapentinoids for neuropathic pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included 140 patients over the age of 18. Patients were excluded from the study if they had aphasia, dementia, or diseases that led to aphasia or cooperative and cognitive dysfunction...
June 2023: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37380897/beyond-benzodiazepines-a-meta-analysis-and-narrative-synthesis-of-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-alternative-options-for-alcohol-withdrawal-syndrome-management
#15
REVIEW
Dimy Fluyau, Vasanth Kattalai Kailasam, Christopher G Pierre
PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of non-benzodiazepines (non-BZDs) to benzodiazepines (BZDs) in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). METHODS: For relevant literature, Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, OVID MEDLINE, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched. Randomized control trials (RCTs) were included, omitted were nonblinded trials, blinded trials that were not randomized, and open-label studies...
June 28, 2023: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37380198/cohort-study-of-new-off-label-gabapentin-prescribing-in-chronic-opioid-users
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica I Billig, Mark C Bicket, Maryam Yazdanfar, Vidhya Gunaseelan, Erika D Sears, Chad M Brummett, Jennifer F Waljee
INTRODUCTION: Gabapentin is commonly prescribed as an off-label adjunct to opioids because of its safer risk profile. Recent evidence has shown an increased risk of mortality when coprescribed with opioids. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the addition of off-label gabapentin in patients with chronic opioid use is associated with a reduction in opioid dosage. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with chronic opioid use with a new off-label gabapentin prescription (2010-2019)...
June 27, 2023: Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37269776/prevalence-of-opioid-and-nonopioid-pain-management-therapies-among-medicare-beneficiaries-with-musculoskeletal-pain-conditions-from-2016-to-2019
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patience Moyo, Jane Vaillant, Anthony Girard, Richa Gairola, Theresa I Shireman, Amal N Trivedi, Jessica S Merlin, Brandon D L Marshall
INTRODUCTION: Pain treatment guidelines prioritize nonopioid therapies over opioid medications to prevent opioid-related harms. We examined trends in receipt and intensity of nonpharmacologic, nonopioid medication, and opioid therapies among Medicare beneficiaries. METHODS: Using a 20% national random sample of Medicare data from 2016 to 2019, we identified fee-for-service beneficiaries with ≥2 diagnoses of back, neck, fibromyalgia, or osteoarthritis/joint pain annually...
May 17, 2023: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37267176/integrative-analysis-of-proteome-wide-association-studies-and-functional-enrichment-analysis-to-identify-genes-and-chemicals-associated-with-alcohol-dependence
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingxi Zhang, Peilin Meng, Yao Yao, Huijie Zhang, Chuyu Pan, Chun'e Li, Yujing Chen, Zhen Zhang, Shiqiang Cheng, Li Liu, Xuena Yang, Yumeng Jia, Feng Zhang
OBJECTIVES: Alcohol dependence accounts for a large proportion of the global burden of disease and disability. This study aims to investigate the candidate genes and chemicals associated with alcohol dependence. METHODS: Using data from published alcohol dependence genome-wide association studies, we first conducted a proteome-wide association study of alcohol dependence by integrating alcohol dependence genome-wide association studies with 2 human brain reference proteomes of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex from the Religious Order Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project and the Banner Sun Health Research Institute...
May 2023: Journal of Addiction Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37223663/evaluation-of-gabapentin-and-baclofen-combination-for-inpatient-management-of-alcohol-withdrawal-syndrome
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristina Karapetyan, Zachary Rosenfeldt, Kaylee Caniff
BACKGROUND: Benzodiazepines are considered the gold standard for treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS), a group of symptoms that occur after abrupt cessation of alcohol use, but may be associated with serious adverse effects. Given the safety concerns, alternative treatment options for AWS management have been investigated, including gabapentin and baclofen. Because no available studies have investigated the inpatient use of the gabapentin and baclofen combination for alcohol detoxification, this study aims to evaluate their efficacy and safety in the inpatient hospital setting...
April 2023: Federal Practitioner
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37184879/reasons-for-use-and-experiences-of-using-phenibut-a-mixed-methods-analysis-of-online-reports
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan A Behmer Hansen, Rosemary T Behmer Hansen, Chaden Noureddine, Virginia A Behmer, Douglas Opler
Background: Phenibut is a drug similar in structure to gabapentin and pregabalin. It is available online without prescription, often marketed as a dietary supplement or amino acid derivative. Little is known about phenibut use despite its increased popularity in the United States over the last decade. Objective: To clarify reasons for taking phenibut, circumstances, and effects of use. Methods: Reports of phenibut, gabapentin, and pregabalin use were downloaded from a publicly-available database, Erowid.org...
May 15, 2023: American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
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