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Ahmad Jammal, Michel Bariche, Heinrich Zu Dohna, Zakaria Kambris
BACKGROUND: Microflora of the gastrointestinal tract plays important roles in food digestion, nutrient absorption and in host defense against ingested pathogens. Several studies have focused on the microflora of farmed fishes, but the gut flora of wild fishes remains poorly characterized. The aim of this work was to provide an overview of the bacteria colonizing the gut of wild-caught fishes and to determine whether some bacterial species can be pathogenic. RESULTS: We isolated cultivable bacteria from fifteen wild-caught Mediterranean fish species corresponding to different habitat, diet and origin...
May 2017: Current Nutrition and Food Science
#2
Jerzy Falandysz, Atindra Sapkota, Anna Dryżałowska, Małgorzata Mędyk, Xinbin Feng
The aim of the study was to characterise the multi-elemental composition and associations between a group of 32 elements and 16 rare earth elements collected by mycelium from growing substrates and accumulated in fruiting bodies of Macrolepiota procera from 16 sites from the lowland areas of Poland. The elements were quantified by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry using validated method. The correlation matrix obtained from a possible 48 × 16 data matrix has been used to examine if any association exits between 48 elements in mushrooms foraged from 16 sampling localizations by multivariate approach using principal component (PC) analysis...
June 2017: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#3
Fatima Z Maghnia, Hervé Sanguin, Younes Abbas, Marcello Verdinelli, Benaissa Kerdouh, Naima El Ghachtouli, Enrico Lancellotti, Salah Eddine Bakkali Yakhlef, Robin Duponnois
The cork oak forest is an ecosystem playing a major role in Moroccan socio-economy and biodiversity conservation. However, this ecosystem is negatively impacted by extensive human- and climate-driven pressures, causing a strong decrease in its distribution and a worsening of the desertification processes. This study aims at characterising the impact of cork oak forest management on a major actor of its functioning, the ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal community associated with Quercus suber, and the determination of EcM bio-indicators...
May 2017: Comptes Rendus Biologies
#4
Rewaida Abdel-Gaber, Fathy Abdel-Ghaffar, Mohamed Abdallah Shazly, Kareem Morsy, Saleh Al Quraishy, Sanna Mohamed, Heinz Mehlhorn
Parasites are one of the most serious limiting factors in aquaculture. The Electric catfish Malapterurus electricus was subjected to study the prevalence and mean intensity of parasitic infections throughout the whole year of 2015. Heavy metals accumulation in host fish and parasites were determined in relation to water quality and sediments of two different sites of Lake Manzala (Manzala and Bahr El-Baqar), Egypt. A total of 100 specimens of Electric catfish were collected and examined for the presence of helminth parasites...
June 1, 2017: Acta Parasitologica
#5
Karen A Bjorndal, Alan B Bolten, Milani Chaloupka, Vincent S Saba, Cláudio Bellini, Maria A G Marcovaldi, Armando J B Santos, Luis Felipe Wurdig Bortolon, Anne B Meylan, Peter A Meylan, Jennifer Gray, Robert Hardy, Beth Brost, Michael Bresette, Jonathan C Gorham, Stephen Connett, Barbara Van Sciver Crouchley, Mike Dawson, Deborah Hayes, Carlos E Diez, Robert P van Dam, Sue Willis, Mabel Nava, Kristen M Hart, Michael S Cherkiss, Andrew G Crowder, Clayton Pollock, Zandy Hillis-Starr, Fernando A Muñoz Tenería, Roberto Herrera-Pavón, Vanessa Labrada-Martagón, Armando Lorences, Ana Negrete-Philippe, Margaret M Lamont, Allen M Foley, Rhonda Bailey, Raymond R Carthy, Russell Scarpino, Erin McMichael, Jane A Provancha, Annabelle Brooks, Adriana Jardim, Milagros López-Mendilaharsu, Daniel González-Paredes, Andrés Estrades, Alejandro Fallabrino, Gustavo Martínez-Souza, Gabriela M Vélez-Rubio, Ralf H Boulon, Jaime A Collazo, Robert Wershoven, Vicente Guzmán Hernández, Thomas B Stringell, Amdeep Sanghera, Peter B Richardson, Annette C Broderick, Quinton Phillips, Marta Calosso, John A B Claydon, Tasha L Metz, Amanda L Gordon, Andre M Landry, Donna J Shaver, Janice Blumenthal, Lucy Collyer, Brendan J Godley, Andrew McGowan, Matthew J Witt, Cathi L Campbell, Cynthia J Lagueux, Thomas L Bethel, Lory Kenyon
Somatic growth is an integrated, individual-based response to environmental conditions, especially in ectotherms. Growth dynamics of large, mobile animals are particularly useful as bio-indicators of environmental change at regional scales. We assembled growth rate data from throughout the West Atlantic for green turtles, Chelonia mydas, which are long-lived, highly migratory, primarily herbivorous mega-consumers that may migrate over hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Our dataset, the largest ever compiled for sea turtles, has 9690 growth increments from 30 sites from Bermuda to Uruguay from 1973 to 2015...
April 4, 2017: Global Change Biology
#6
Benying Su, Meihua Zhou, Hong Xu, Xiujie Zhang, Yonggeng Li, Hua Su, Bao Xiang
A field experiment was carried out to compare the responses to ozone (O3) in two common herbaceous plant species, Plantago major L. and Sonchus oleraceus L., by building open-top growth chambers in situ to simulate O3 stress (+O3, 85±5ppb, 9hr/day for 30days) in a lowland habitat in Inner Mongolia, Northern China. Responses to O3 of gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, leaf pigment content, antioxidant capability, soluble protein content, membrane lipid peroxidation and dark respiration (Rd) were analyzed...
March 2017: Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)
#7
Yonggang Lu, Robert John Aitken, Minjie Lin
For the first time, this study has systemically investigated the male reproductive system in a sessile broadcast-spawning marine invertebrate, Galeolaria caespitosa (Polychaeta: Serpulidae), which has significant potential as a bio-indicator species of coastal marine pollution. The abdomen of G. caespitosa was divided by intersegmental septa into over 80 trunk segments. Each segment served as a germinal chamber with a C-shaped gonadal arrangement consisting of several distinct compartments: a seminiferous epithelium (SE) compartment located in the centre of the chamber, with each of its two ends connecting to a nurse cell (NC) compartment and then an efferent duct (ED) compartment...
2017: PloS One
#8
Casper W Quist, Gerrit Gort, Christian Mulder, Ruud H P Wilbers, Aad J Termorshuizen, Jaap Bakker, Johannes Helder
Soil biota are responsible for essential ecosystem services such as carbon storage, nutrient cycling and water retention. However, assessment of the condition of soil biota is hampered by an overwhelming level of diversity. With representatives in all trophic levels of the food web, nematode communities can be used as bio-indicators. Accurate assessment of nematode assemblages requires insight in the distribution of specimens with distinct food preferences. With the availability of taxon-specific quantitative-PCR assays, distribution patterns of multiple nematode groups can be investigated simultaneously...
March 21, 2017: Molecular Ecology Resources
#9
Bacterioplankton assembly and interspecies interaction indicating increasing coastal eutrophication.
Wenfang Dai, Jinjie Zhang, Qichao Tu, Ye Deng, Qiongfen Qiu, Jinbo Xiong
Anthropogenic perturbations impose negative effects on coastal ecosystems, such as increasing levels of eutrophication. Given the biogeochemical significance of microorganisms, understanding the processes and mechanisms underlying their spatial distribution under changing environmental conditions is critical. To address this question, we examined how coastal bacterioplankton communities respond to increasing eutrophication levels created by anthropogenic perturbations. The results showed that the magnitude of changes in the bacterioplankton community compositions (BCCs) and the importance of deterministic processes that constrained bacterial assembly were closely associated with eutrophication levels...
June 2017: Chemosphere
#10
Tamara Zalewska, Beata Danowska
The main aim of study was to develop the environmental quality standards (EQSMP) for selected heavy metals: Pb, Cd, Hg and Ni bioaccumulated in the tissues of marine macrophytobenthic plants: Chara baltica, Cladophora spp., Coccotylus truncatus, Furcellaria lumbricalis, Polysiphonia fucoides, Stuckenia pectinata and Zanichellia palustris, collected in designated areas of the southern Baltic Sea in period 2008-2015. The calculated concentration ratios (CR), which attained very high values: 10(4)Lkg(-1) for lead, 10(3)Lkg(-1) for nickel and mercury and even 10(5)Lkg(-1) for cadmium formed the basis for the determination of EQSMP values...
May 15, 2017: Marine Pollution Bulletin
#11
Heavy metals in human teeth dentine: A bio-indicator of metals exposure and environmental pollution.
Khandoker Asaduzzaman, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Nurul Atiqah Binti Baharudin, Yusoff Bin Mohd Amin, Mohideen Salihu Farook, D A Bradley, Okba Mahmoud
With rapid urbanization and large-scale industrial activities, modern human populations are being increasingly subjected to chronic environmental heavy metal exposures. Elemental uptake in tooth dentine is a bioindicator, the uptake occurring during the formation and mineralization processes, stored to large extent over periods of many years. The uptake includes essential elements, most typically geogenic dietary sources, as well as non-essential elements arising through environmental insults. In this study, with the help of the Dental Faculty of the University of Malaya, a total of 50 separate human teeth were collected from dental patients of various ethnicity, age, gender, occupation, dietary habit, residency, etc...
June 2017: Chemosphere
#12
Olga Vladimirovna Kalugina, Tatiana Alekseevna Mikhailova, Olga Vladimirovna Shergina
The study demonstrates the efficiency of using Pinus sylvestris L. as a bio-indicator of polluting substances that enter the environment with the emission of a large aluminum smelter. Recent research has demonstrated that pollution from aluminum smelter emissions covers a vast territory. The highest content of polluting elements is registered at a distance of 3 km from the smelter, with maximum concentrations found in the industrial zone (0.5 km from the smelter). The farther from the aluminum smelter, the lower the amount of polluting elements in the needles, although the F level still exceeds the background values at a distance of about 60 km from the source, the levels of Zn, Pb, and Cd up to 50 km, S up to 40 km, and Fe and Cu up to 35 km mostly in north-eastern and south-eastern directions correlating with prevailing atmospheric transfer of the emissions...
April 2017: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#13
Tomasz Mieczan, Monika Tarkowska-Kukuryk
Interactions between bacteria and protists are essential to the ecosystem ecology of fens. Until now, however, there has been almost no information on how restoration procedures in carbonate fens affect the functioning of microbial food webs. Changes in vegetation patterns resulting from restoration may take years to be observed, whereas microbial processes display effects even after short-term exposure to changes in environmental conditions caused by restoration. Therefore, microbial processes and patterns can be used as sensitive indicators of changes in environmental conditions...
March 6, 2017: Microbial Ecology
#14
Hyun Young Kim, Jiyoung Seo, Tae-Hun Kim, Bomi Shim, Seok Mun Cha, Seungho Yu
This study examined the use of microbial community structure as a bio-indicator of decomposition levels. High-throughput pyrosequencing technology was used to assess the shift in microbial community of leachate from animal carcass lysimeter. The leachate samples were collected monthly for one year and a total of 164,639 pyrosequencing reads were obtained and used in the taxonomic classification and operational taxonomy units (OTUs) distribution analysis based on sequence similarity. Our results show considerable changes in the phylum-level bacterial composition, suggesting that the microbial community is a sensitive parameter affected by the burial environment...
February 26, 2017: Science of the Total Environment
#15
Carolina Valdespino, Vinicio J Sosa
Riparian forests are recognized as important ecosystems for biodiversity conservation in transformed landscapes. Many animal species that use this type of vegetation facilitate its recovery through pollination and seed dispersal. In landscapes dominated by agrosystems and cattle ranching, persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the riparian system may have an effect on the physiology and fitness of animals. In this study, we measured bioaccumulation of OCPs in the most abundant frugivorous bat, Sturnira hondurensis, from the upper part of La Antigua basin, Veracruz, Mexico and, from these data, estimated accumulation by the frugivorous bat community of riparian forests in contrasting, transformed (TL) and forested (FL) landscapes...
May 2017: Chemosphere
#16
Sushanta Kumar Mishra, Poonam Rana, Subash Khushu, Gurudutta Gangenahalli
Improved therapeutic assessment of experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI), using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), would immensely benefit its therapeutic management. Neurometabolite patterns at injury site, measured with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) after MSCs transplantation, may serve as a bio-indicator of the recovery mechanism. This study used in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and 1H-MRS to evaluate the therapeutic prospects of implanted MSCs at injury site in experimental mice longitudinally up to 21 days...
January 2017: Stem Cells Translational Medicine
#17
Marianna Musco, Angela Cuttitta, Erica Bicchi, Enza Maria Quinci, Mario Sprovieri, Giorgio Tranchida, Luigi Giaramita, Anna Traina, Daniela Salvagio Manta, Serena Gherardi, Pietro Mercurio, Angelo Siragusa, Salvatore Mazzola
This study investigates living benthic foraminiferal assemblages as bio-indicators of anthropogenic activities in a coastal area within the Gulf of Palermo (Sicily, Italy), affected by industrial and urban activities, and evaluates the environmental quality through the calibration of a Tolerant Species index (%TSstd). Sediments from 6 stations were sampled along a bathymetric transect from the coast to offshore. Sediment grain size, TOC, major, minor and trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were compared to benthic foraminiferal assemblages and species at each station...
April 15, 2017: Marine Pollution Bulletin
#18
J Sipos, J Hodecek, T Kuras, A Dolny
Although ecological succession is one of the principal focuses of recent restoration ecology research, it is still unclear which factors drive this process and positively influence species richness and functional diversity. In this study we sought to elucidate how species traits and functional diversity change during forest succession, and to identify important factors that determine the species in the observed assemblages. We analyzed species richness and functional diversity of ground beetle assemblages in relation to succession on post-industrial localities after habitat deterioration caused by spoil deposition...
January 31, 2017: Bulletin of Entomological Research
#19
Michalina Gałgowska, Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko
The aim of this study was to determine the level of chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in selected edible mushrooms from north-eastern Poland. The experiment was carried out on 45 samples consisting of 15 fruiting bodies each of the following species: Boletus edulis, Imleria badia and Cantharellus cibarius. Dried samples were subjected to extraction of lipids with a Soxhlet and a standard procedure-based on the decomposition of lipids by concentrated sulfuric acid and the release of organic insecticides to the hexane layer-was used to determine chlorinated hydrocarbons...
March 4, 2017: Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes
#20
Khanoranga Achakzai, Sofia Khalid, Muhammad Adrees, Aasma Bibi, Shafaqat Ali, Rab Nawaz, Muhammad Rizwan
In any contaminated environment, the sensitive plant species can serve as bio-indicator of air pollution while tolerant plant species can act as a sink for air pollutants. Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) is an important tool to screen out plants based on their tolerance or sensitivity level to different air pollutants. The present study was aimed to identify the sensitive and tolerant plant species in the vicinity of brick kilns in the Rawalpindi city. To determine the susceptibility level of the selected plant species, four biochemical parameters, ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll content, relative water content and pH of leaf extract, were assessed and APTI was calculated...
April 1, 2017: Journal of Environmental Management
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