Subclinical hypothyroidism children

INTRODUCTION: literature on Hashimoto´s thyroiditis, the common thyroid illness in the young populations, in Sudan and Africa is scarce. We aimed to study its clinical profile and outcome among Sudanese children and adolescents. METHODS: records of 73 patients were reviewed. Data related to demographics, presenting features, family history and coexistence of autoimmune diseases, physical examination findings, and biochemical progression over time were obtained...

OBJECTIVES: Recently, some studies in Iran have shown mild to moderate iodine concentrations in adult and pregnant women populations despite iodine sufficiency in children. This study aimed to evaluate the urine iodine status and salt intake among adult households in the city of Sadra, Fars province in southern Iran, and to assess its possible influencing factors. METHOD: Participant households for this cross-sectional study were selected using randomized cluster sampling in the city of Sadra, Fars province, southern Iran from 1 February, 2021 to 30 November, 2021...

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) or "mild thyroid failure" is defined as elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the presence of normal free thyroxine (T4). The incidence of SCH is estimated at 4.4-8.5% of the general population and occurs more frequently in women. Given that it falls below the diagnostic threshold, SCH is monitored rather than treated. Its management is a common topic of debate as SCH frequently progresses into overt hypothyroidism and is linked to long-term hyperlipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease...

INTRODUCTION: The objective was to investigate the growth and development of infants and young children with mild subclinical hypothyroidism aged 0 to 5 years, especially those aged 0 to 2 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was a retrospective analysis of the birth status, physical growth, and neuromotor development of patients aged 0 to 5 years, who were diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism during newborn screening (NBS) in Zhongshan between 2016 and 2019...

OBJECTIVE: Enlargement and cystic changes in ovaries of patients with long-standing overt hypothyroidism have been described in numerous case reports. However, there are limited data about the effect of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) on ovarian volume. The aim of the study is to evaluate the relationship between serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level and ovarian volume in prepubertal girls with SH. METHODS: Patients who were aged between 6 and 10 years and diagnosed with SH and age-matched healthy euthyroid controls were enrolled in the study...

Reference intervals (RIs) for serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3 ), and free thyroxine (FT4 ) suitable for local children are urgently needed in northern China. The reference interval for thyroid volume (Tvol) in Chinese children also differed greatly from that recommended by the WHO. This study aimed to establish TSH, FT3 , FT4 , and Tvol RIs suitable for children in northern China. A total of 1070 children aged 7 ~ 13 were recruited from iodine nutrition-sufficient areas in Tianjin, China, from 2016 to 2021...

BACKGROUND: Thyroid hormone anomalies during childhood might affect neurological development, school performance and quality of life, as well as daily energy, growth, body mass index and bone development. Thyroid dysfunction (hypo- or hyperthyroidism) may occur during childhood cancer treatment, although its prevalence is unknown. The thyroid profile may also change as a form of adaptation during illness, which is called euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS). In children with central hypothyroidism, a decline in FT4 of >20% has been shown to be clinically relevant...

BACKGROUND: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors are at risk of developing a range of therapy-related complications. The goal of this study is to investigate therapy-related late-effects in HL survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study on 208 HL survivors who were treated at the National Cancer Institute or at the Children Cancer Hospital Egypt with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine chemotherapy. RESULTS: Age at diagnosis ranged from 2...

BACKGROUND: Adequate iodine intake is essential for growing children, as both deficient and excessive iodine status can result in thyroid dysfunction. We investigated the iodine status and its association with thyroid function in 6-year-old children from South Korea. METHODS: A total of 439 children aged 6 (231 boys and 208 girls) were investigated from the Environment and Development of Children cohort study. The thyroid function test included free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)...

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with thyroid dysfunction and to explore the relationship between thyroid hormone and kidney injury of lupus nephritis (LN). Methods: In this retrospective study, 253 patients who were diagnosed with childhood SLE and hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2019 to January 2021 were enrolled in the case group, and 70 healthy children were the control cases. The patients in the case group were divided into the normal thyroid group and the thyroid dysfunction group...

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the stiffness of the thyroid parenchyma with Shear wave elastography (SWE) in children with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and healthy controls. METHODS: A total of 130 children with HT and 46 healthy controls were included in this study. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the groups, thyroiditis stages in thyroid ultrasonography, and SWE scores which was obtained as kilopascal (kPa), were analysed. RESULTS: We observed that SWE scores were significantly higher in children with HT compared to healthy controls, and SWE scores increased significantly in HT group, as the thyroiditis stage increased (p<0...

Thyroid disorders constitute one of the major endocrine disorders in pediatric service. It includes a range of congenital versus acquired anatomic and/or functional thyroid diseases in growing children that has a spectrum of severity from severe intellectual disability effect to subclinical mild pathologies. This study was designed to analyze the demographic characteristics, clinical pattern, and severity of thyroid disorders in the pediatric endocrine clinic patients at the teaching hospital of the university over a 7-year duration...

PURPOSE: We aimed (i) evaluating the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and thyroid function tests, (ii) testing if the relationship between NAFLD and thyroid dysfunction could be driven by the obesity and the IR degree, and (iii) exploring the influence of the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein-3 (PNPLA3) I148M and the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) E167K polymorphisms on the association between NAFLD and thyroid function in children...

Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (AIT) is a frequent comorbidity in Down Syndrome (DS). Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non- Receptor Type 22 C1858T (PTPN-22 C1858T) gene polymorphisms have a role in the progression of AIT. The study on PTPN- 22 C1858T gene polymorphism as the risk factor of AIT in DS children is still limited. This study aims to evaluate PTPN-22 C1858T polymorphism in Indonesian DS children. A cross-sectional study involving 31 DS children with hypothyroidism (19 boys/12 girls) was conducted for ten months from February to November 2020 at Dr...

PURPOSE: Despite the beneficial effects of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy on pregnancy outcomes of women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), its impact on the developmental status of offspring remains unclear. We aimed to assess the effects of LT4 therapy on the neurodevelopment of infants of SCH women in the first 3 years of life. METHODS: A follow-up study was conducted on children born to SCH pregnant women who had participated in a single-blind randomized clinical trial (Tehran Thyroid and Pregnancy Study)...

OBJECTIVE:  The aim of this study was to evaluate whether being small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) or having a small or large head circumference (HC) at birth is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. STUDY DESIGN:  This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter negative randomized trial of thyroxine therapy for subclinical hypothyroid disorders in pregnancy. The primary outcome was child intelligence quotient (IQ) at 5 years of age...

BACKGROUND: While fluoride can have thyroid-disrupting effects, associations between low-level fluoride exposure and thyroid conditions remain unclear, especially during pregnancy when insufficient thyroid hormones can adversely impact offspring development. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated associations between fluoride exposure and hypothyroidism in a Canadian pregnancy cohort. METHODS: We measured fluoride concentrations in drinking water and three dilution-corrected urine samples and estimated fluoride intake based on self-reported beverage consumption...

The prevalence of thyroid diseases in China continues to increase, especially for hypothyroidism. This article focuses on the existing problems in the diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism in special groups, including obese patients, the elderly, children and pregnant women. The pathogenesis and intervention measures of obesity-induced hypothyroidism have been the hot research frontiers. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in the elderly is the highest, while its diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies are still controversial...

The article reflects the main links of pathogenesis and diagnostic criteria for autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and subclinical hypothyroidism as well as presents formulated features of signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and therapy of this disease in children. Here, we present a case report of an adolescent patient with AIT that was treated with L-thyroxine. The feature of this case was the development of laboratory-confirmed drug-induced hyperthyroidism against the background of hypersensitivity to the drug, what required correction of the therapy...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the thyroid function test among children with abdominal distention and to follow up the treatment received by children with abnormal thyroid function. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1089 children (median age:30 days (IQR=21-60 days) with abdominal distension were included in this single centre study in Nanjing, China. RESULT: Thyroid dysfunction was found in 43 of 148 Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) cases, with 3 (2...