Regeneration kidney renal

BACKGROUND: Hepatotoxicity caused by CCL4 is well known. Geraniol (GNL) has high antioxidant effect that can induces liver regeneration. However, the protective effect of GNL effect on CCL4 -induced hepatorenal toxicity in pregnant mice has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether GNL could protect against oxidative stress induced by CCL4 via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, which is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), and has been found to have protective effects on renal and hepatic tissues...

Cellular senescence represents an irreversible state of cell-cycle arrest during which cells secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, including inflammatory factors and chemokines. Additionally, these cells exhibit an apoptotic resistance phenotype. Cellular senescence serves a pivotal role not only in embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and tumor suppression but also in the pathogenesis of age-related degenerative diseases, malignancies, metabolic diseases, and kidney diseases. The senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) constitutes a critical cellular event in the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI)...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome in which kidney function reduces suddenly. This syndrome which includes both structural changes and loss of function may lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kidney regeneration capacity depends on the cell type and severity of the injury. However, novel studies indicated that regeneration mostly relies on endogenous tubular cells that survive after AKI. Regenerative pharmacology requires a great knowledge of fundamental processes involved in the development and endogenous regeneration, leading to a necessity for investigating related signaling molecules in this process...

AIM: Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors stimulate renal excretion of sodium and glucose and exert renal protective effects in patients with (non-)diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may as well protect against acute kidney injury (AKI). The mechanism behind this kidney protective effect remains unclear. Juxtaglomerular cells of renin lineage (CoRL) have been demonstrated to function as progenitors for multiple adult glomerular cell types in kidney disease. This study assesses the impact of SGLT2 inhibition on the repopulation of glomerular cells by CoRL and examines their phenotypic commitment...

AIMS: To identify whether and how a younger systemic internal milieu alleviates acute kidney injury (AKI) in grafts after kidney transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted an allogenic heterotopic rat kidney transplantation model with young and adult recipients receiving similar donor kidneys. We evaluated the renal function, histological damage, apoptosis, dedifferentiation, proliferation, hub regulating cytokines, and signaling pathways involved in young and adult recipients based on transcriptomics, proteomics, and experimental validation...

INTRODUCTION: Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is characterized as a loss of renal function following radiological contrast media administration. While all contrast media induce variable changes in microvascular endothelial cells in vitro, only few studies report clinical significance of their findings. A comprehensive assessment of the effect of iodinated contrast media on the renal function in vitro and in vivo is essential. The aim of our study was to morphometrically quantify the effect of two different contrast media (Iobitridol and Iodixanol) on vascular endothelial capillaries in vitro and to analyze their effect on the renal function of patients who underwent cardiac catheterization including the intra-arterial administration of contrast media, by measuring serum creatinine concentration (SCr), a byproduct of muscle metabolism, primarily excreted by the kidneys...

BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by the destruction and necrosis of skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in acute kidney injury (AKI). Recombinant antithrombin (rAT) has DNA repair and vascular endothelial-protection properties. Herein, we investigated whether rAT therapy has beneficial effects against rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. Ten-week-old male B6 mice were injected with 5 mL/kg of 50% glycerol intramuscularly in the left thigh after 24 h of fasting to create a rhabdomyolysis mouse model...

Background and Objectives : To date, the therapeutic potential of skeletal muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) for acute kidney injury (AKI) has only been evaluated by our research group. We aimed to compare MDSPCs with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and evaluate their feasibility for the treatment of AKI. Materials and Methods : Rats were randomly assigned to four study groups: control, GM (gentamicin) group, GM+MDSPCs, and GM+BM-MSCs. AKI was induced by gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day; i...

Recent regenerative studies using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have developed multiple kidney-lineage cells and organoids. However, to further form functional segments of the kidney, interactions of epithelial and interstitial cells are required. Here we describe a selective differentiation of renal interstitial progenitor-like cells (IPLCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) by modifying our previous induction method for nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) and analyzing mouse embryonic interstitial progenitor cell (IPC) development...

Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a fundamental pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, toxicity and poor renal enrichment of fibrosis inhibitors limit their further applications. In this study, a platform for CKD therapy is developed using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) decorated mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles with carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) high expression (SPION-EVs) to achieve higher renal-targeting antifibrotic therapeutic effect...

PURPOSE: On the new era of stem cell therapy, the present experimental study was conducted to investigate renal regenerative capacity related to kidney stem cell reserve in different nephrectomy (Nx) models. METHODS: Three- and eight-week-old rats (n = 168) were randomly divided into four groups to include control and three Nx subgroups (1/6 Nx, 1/2 Nx, and 5/6 Nx) (Fig. 1). On post-Nx days 15, 30 and 60, kidney specimens were obtained to determine renal regenerative capacity...

Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) are constantly exposed to potentially toxic metabolites and xenobiotics. The regenerative potential of the kidney enables the replacement of damaged cells either via the differentiation of stem cells or the re-acquisition of proliferative properties of the PTEC. Nevertheless, it is known that renal function declines, suggesting that the deteriorated cells are not replaced by fully functional cells. To understand the possible causes of this loss of kidney cell function, it is crucial to understand the role of toxins during the regeneration process...

BACKGROUND: In human glomerular diseases, visualizing podocyte injury is desirable since podocytes do not regenerate and podocyte injury leads to podocyte loss. Herein, we investigated the utility of immunostaining for early growth response 1 (EGR1), which is expressed in injured podocytes from the early stages of injury in animal experiments, as a podocyte injury marker in human glomerular diseases. METHODS: This study included 102 patients with biopsy-proven glomerular diseases between 2018 and 2021...

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) was a disease with a high mortality mainly caused by renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). Although the current non-targeted administration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for AKI had been revealed to facilitate the recovery of renal I/R, how to targeted deliver VEGF and to retain it efficiently in the ischemic kidney was critical for its clinical application. METHODS: In present study, bi-functional KIT-PR1P peptides were constructed which bond VEGF through PR1P domain, and targeted ischemic kidney through KIT domain to interact with biomarker of AKI-kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1)...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can lead to hepatic fibrosis. The advent of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has substantially improved sustained virological response (SVR) rates. In this context, kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are of particular interest due to their higher HCV infection rates and uncertain renal excretion and bioavailability of DAAs. We investigated liver stiffness after DAA treatment in 15 HCV-infected KTRs using ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) in comparison with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE)...

Precise coupling between cellular physiology and metabolism is emerging as a vital relationship underpinning tissue health and longevity. Nevertheless, functional-metabolic coupling within heterogenous microenvironments in vivo remains poorly understood due to tissue complexity and metabolic plasticity. Here, we establish the Drosophila renal system as a paradigm for linking mechanistic analysis of metabolism, at single-cell resolution, to organ-wide physiology. Kidneys are amongst the most energetically-demanding organs, yet exactly how individual cell types fine-tune metabolism to meet their diverse, unique physiologies over the life-course remains unclear...

Arsenic can induce lethal hepatorenal insufficiency by inducing progressive cytotoxicity in the two main body's hemostatic regulators, the kidney and liver. In the current study, the hepatorenal protective impact of caffeic acid was investigated in arsenic-exposed Syrian mice. Twenty-four male Syrian mice (30 ± 8 g) were provided and randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 receiving nothing, arsenic, arsenic and caffeic, and caffeic acid. The mice passed the 21-day treatment program. The mice's blood was collected and analyzed by measuring the serum ALT/AST enzymes and creatinine/urea levels, respectively...

Ferroptosis, characterized by lipid accumulation in intracellular compartments, is related to acute kidney injury (AKI), but the mechanism remains obscure. In our previous study, the protective effect of augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) on AKI was not fully clarified. In this study, we established an AKI mouse model by knocking out proximal tubule-specific ALR and an AKI cell model by inducing hypoxia, as well as enrolled AKI patients, to investigate the effects of ALR on ferroptosis and the progression of AKI...

BACKGROUND: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli is the main cause of post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) which produces acute kidney injury mainly in children, although it can also affect adults. The kidneys are the organs most affected by Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) in patients with HUS. However, previous studies in pregnant rats showed that a sublethal dose of Stx2 causes severe damage in the uteroplacental unit and induces abortion, whereas produces mild to moderate renal damage...

The incidence of kidney disease from acute and chronic conditions continues to escalate worldwide. Interventions to replace renal function after organ failure remain limited to dialysis or transplantation, as human kidneys exhibit a limited capacity to repair damaged cells or regenerate new ones. In contrast, animals ranging from flies to fishes and even some mammals like the spiny mouse exhibit innate abilities to regenerate their kidney cells following injury. Now, a recent study has illuminated how the Mexican salamander, Ambystoma mexicanum , most commonly known as the axolotl, possesses a kidney with remarkable similarity to humans, which can robustly regenerate following acute chemical damage...