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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paula Vega Vega, Claudia Miranda Castillo, Ivonne Vargas Celis
UNLABELLED: The participation of children and adolescents in research requires bioethical measures to safeguard their autonomy and well-being through the application of the informed consent process. OBJECTIVE: To critically analyze the factors involved in the process of assent/consent in children and adolescents in research. METHODOLOGY: Integrative review of scientific evidence carried out between April and June 2023, from manuscripts published between 2014 and 2023 in Web of Science, PubMed, CUIDEN, and CINAHL databases, using the descriptors Process Assessment OR Assent AND Informed Consent AND Bioethics AND Minors OR Child OR Children AND adolescent OR teenage AND Pediatrics AND Research...
February 2024: Andes pediatrica: revista Chilena de pediatría
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Srinivas, J Vialard, F Liu, A Voldoire, T Izumo, E Guilyardi, M Lengaigne
Extreme El Niño events have outsized impacts and strongly contribute to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm/cold phase asymmetries. There is currently no consensus on the respective importance of oceanic and atmospheric nonlinearities for those asymmetries. Here, we use atmospheric and oceanic general circulation models that reproduce ENSO asymmetries well to quantify the atmospheric nonlinearities contribution. The linear and nonlinear components of the wind stress response to Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies are isolated using ensemble atmospheric experiments, and used to force oceanic experiments...
April 7, 2024: Scientific Reports
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiechun Deng, Aiguo Dai
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) over the tropical Pacific can affect Arctic climate, but whether it can be influenced by the Arctic is unclear. Using model simulations, we show that Arctic sea ice-air interactions weaken ENSO by about 12 to 17%. The northern North Pacific Ocean warms due to increased absorption of solar radiation under such interactions. The warming excites an anomalous tropospheric Rossby wave propagating equatorward into the tropical Pacific to strengthen cross-equator winds and deepen the thermocline...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jakob Eggeling, Chuansi Gao, Dong An, Raul Cruz-Cano, Hao He, Linus Zhang, Yu-Chun Wang, Amir Sapkota
Climate change is closely monitored and numerous studies reports increasing air temperature and weather extremes across the globe. As a direct consequence of the increase of global temperature, the increased heat stress is becoming a global threat to public health. While most climate change and epidemiological studies focus on air temperature to explain the increasing risks, heat strain can be predicted using comprehensive indices such as Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). The Asia-Pacific region is prone to thermal stress and the high population densities in the region impose high health risk...
March 28, 2024: Scientific Reports
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hsueh-Wen Yu, Chia-Hsuan Kuan, Liang-Wei Tseng, Hsing-Yu Chen, Meg-Yen Tsai, Yu-Sheng Chen
Enterovirus infection and enterovirus infection with severe complications (EVSC) are critical issues in several aspects. However, there is no suitable predictive tool for these infections. A climate factor complex (CFC) containing several climate factors could provide more effective predictions. The ping-year factor (PYF) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are possible CFCs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between these two CFCs and the incidence of enterovirus infection. Children aged 15 years and younger with enterovirus infection and/or EVSC were enrolled between 2007 and 2022...
March 20, 2024: Viruses
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Welligton Conceição da Silva, Jamile Andréa Rodrigues da Silva, Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano, Éder Bruno Rebelo da Silva, Carlos Eduardo Lima Sousa, Kedson Alessandri Lobo Neves, Cláudio Vieira de Araújo, Leonel António Joaquim, Thomaz Cyro Guimarães de Carvalho Rodrigues, Tatiane Silva Belo, Raimundo Nonato Colares Camargo-Júnior, José de Brito Lourenço-Júnior
The El Niño represents a substantial threat to pastures, affecting the availability of water, forage and compromising the sustainability of grazing areas, especially in the northern region of Brazil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the thermographic profile of three production systems in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil. The study was conducted on a rural cattle farm in Mojuí dos Campos, Pará, Brazil, between August and November 2023. The experiment involved livestock production systems, including traditional, silvopastoral and integrated, with different conditions of shade and access to the bathing area...
March 11, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qihua Peng, Shang-Ping Xie, Gino A Passalacqua, Ayumu Miyamoto, Clara Deser
In the boreal spring of 2023, an extreme coastal El Niño struck the coastal regions of Peru and Ecuador, causing devastating rainfalls, flooding, and record dengue outbreaks. Observations and ocean model experiments reveal that northerly alongshore winds and westerly wind anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific, initially associated with a record-strong Madden-Julian Oscillation and cyclonic disturbance off Peru in March, drove the coastal warming through suppressed coastal upwelling and downwelling Kelvin waves...
March 22, 2024: Science Advances
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alicia M Caughman, Steven D Gaines, Darcy Bradley
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are important conservation tools that confer ecosystem benefits by removing fishing within their borders to allow stocks to rebuild. Fishing mortality outside a traditionally fixed MPA can exert selective pressure for low movement alleles, resulting in enhanced protection. While evolving to move less may be useful for conservation presently, it could be detrimental in the face of climate change for species that need to move to track their thermal optimum. Here, we build a spatially explicit simulation model to assess the impact of movement evolution in and around static MPAs resulting from both fishing mortality and temperature-dependent natural mortality on conservation benefits across five climate scenarios: (i) linear mean temperature shift, (ii) El Niño/La Niña conditions, (iii) heat waves, (iv) heatwaves with a mean temperature shift, and (v) no climate change...
March 2024: Global Change Biology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ning Jiang, Congwen Zhu, Zeng-Zhen Hu, Michael J McPhaden, Deliang Chen, Boqi Liu, Shuangmei Ma, Yuhan Yan, Tianjun Zhou, Weihong Qian, Jingjia Luo, Xiuqun Yang, Fei Liu, Yuejian Zhu
In 2023, the development of El Niño is poised to drive a global upsurge in surface air temperatures (SAT), potentially resulting in unprecedented warming worldwide. Nevertheless, the regional patterns of SAT anomalies remain diverse, obscuring where historical warming records may be surpassed in the forthcoming year. Our study underscores the significant influence of El Niño and the persistence of climate signals on the inter-annual variability of regional SAT, both in amplitude and spatial distribution...
February 29, 2024: Scientific Reports
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Homochiral antiferromagnetic merons, antimerons and bimerons realized in synthetic antiferromagnets.
Mona Bhukta, Takaaki Dohi, Venkata Krishna Bharadwaj, Ricardo Zarzuela, Maria-Andromachi Syskaki, Michael Foerster, Miguel Angel Niño, Jairo Sinova, Robert Frömter, Mathias Kläui
The ever-growing demand for device miniaturization and energy efficiency in data storage and computing technology has prompted a shift towards antiferromagnetic topological spin textures as information carriers. This shift is primarily owing to their negligible stray fields, leading to higher possible device density and potentially ultrafast dynamics. We realize in this work such chiral in-plane topological antiferromagnetic spin textures namely merons, antimerons, and bimerons in synthetic antiferromagnets by concurrently engineering the effective perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, the interlayer exchange coupling, and the magnetic compensation ratio...
February 26, 2024: Nature Communications
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cecilia A Castellano, Tianyi Sun, Deepak Ravindranathan, Clara Hwang, Nino Balanchivadze, Sunny R K Singh, Elizabeth A Griffiths, Igor Puzanov, Erika Ruiz-Garcia, Diana Vilar-Compte, Ana I Cárdenas-Delgado, Rana R McKay, Taylor K Nonato, Archana Ajmera, Peter P Yu, Rajani Nadkarni, Timothy E O'Connor, Stephanie Berg, Kim Ma, Dimitrios Farmakiotis, Kendra Vieira, Panos Arvanitis, Renee M Saliby, Chris Labaki, Talal El Zarif, Trisha M Wise-Draper, Olga Zamulko, Ningjing Li, Brianne E Bodin, Melissa K Accordino, Matthew Ingham, Monika Joshi, Hyma V Polimera, Leslie A Fecher, Christopher R Friese, James J Yoon, Blanche H Mavromatis, Jacqueline T Brown, Karen Russell, Rahul Nanchal, Harpreet Singh, Lisa Tachiki, Feras A Moria, Gayathri Nagaraj, Kimberly Cortez, Saqib H Abbasi, Elizabeth M Wulff-Burchfield, Matthew Puc, Lisa B Weissmann, Padmanabh S Bhatt, Melissa G Mariano, Sanjay Mishra, Susan Halabi, Alicia Beeghly, Jeremy L Warner, Benjamin French, Mehmet A Bilen
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 can have a particularly detrimental effect on patients with cancer, but no studies to date have examined if the presence, or site, of metastatic cancer is related to COVID-19 outcomes. METHODS: Using the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) registry, the authors identified 10,065 patients with COVID-19 and cancer (2325 with and 7740 without metastasis at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis). The primary ordinal outcome was COVID-19 severity: not hospitalized, hospitalized but did not receive supplemental O2 , hospitalized and received supplemental O2 , admitted to an intensive care unit, received mechanical ventilation, or died from any cause...
February 20, 2024: Cancer
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafael Palácios, Daniela Castagna, Luzinete Barbosa, Adilson P Souza, Breno Imbiriba, Cornélio A Zolin, Danielle Nassarden, Leilane Duarte, Fernando G Morais, Marco A Franco, Glauber Cirino, Paulo Kuhn, Giordani Sodré, Leone Curado, João Basso, Sérgio Roberto de Paulo, Thiago Rodrigues
The effects of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events have local, regional, and global consequences for water regimes, causing floods or extreme drought events. Tropical forests are strongly affected by ENSO, and in the case of the Amazon, its territorial extension allows for a wide variation of these effects. The prolongation of drought events in the Amazon basin contributes to an increase in gas and aerosol particle emissions mainly caused by biomass burning, which in turn alter radiative fluxes and evapotranspiration rates, cyclically interfering with the hydrological regime...
February 17, 2024: Environmental Research
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gufran Beig, V Anand, N Korhale, S B Sobhana, K M Harshitha, R H Kripalani
The recent La-Nina phase of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon unusually lasted for third consecutive year, has disturbed global weather and linked to Indian monsoon. However, our understanding on the linkages of such changes to regional air quality is poor. We hereby provide a mechanism that beyond just influencing the meteorology, the interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere during the retreating phase of the La-Niña produced secondary results that significantly influenced the normal distribution of air quality over India through disturbed large-scale wind patterns...
February 15, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cinthya Vieyra-Mexicano, Valeria Souza, Silvia Pajares
The unicellular cyanobacterium Candidatus Atelocyanobacterium thalassa (UCYN-A) is a key diazotroph in the global ocean owing to its high N2 fixation rates and wide distribution in marine environments. Nevertheless, little is known about UCYN-A in oxygen-deficient zones (ODZs), which may be optimal environments for marine diazotrophy. Therefore, the distribution and diversity of UCYN-A were studied in two consecutive years under contrasting phases (La Niña vs. El Niño) of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) along a transect in the ODZ of the Mexican Pacific upwelling system...
February 2024: Environmental Microbiology Reports
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francineudo Oliveira Chagas, Lidia A Rocha Voladas, Ana Sorazabal, Adeyinka Dayo, Jhereza Cf Botelho Dantas, Aldo Squassi
UNLABELLED: Fluorosis is a worldwide public health problem. One of the factors related to it is the type of water consumed, such as groundwater. High fluoride concentration in groundwater may be explained by contamination from local industries. Since fluoride and arsenic are the main pollutants of groundwater, some studies correlate groundwater consumption with high prevalence of fluorosis. AIM: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to determine whether children's risk of fluorosis is related to drinking groundwater...
December 31, 2023: Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana: AOL
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gerardo Aragón-Villalba, Gabriel Munoz-Quintana, Gisela N Rubin de Celis, José M Torres-Hortelano, Irene A Espinosa de Santillana
UNLABELLED: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a group of disorders associated with breathing anomalies during sleep. Easily detectable by sound, snoring is one of the most common manifestations and the main sign of SDB. Snoring is characteristic of breathing sound during sleep, without apnea, hypoventilation, or interrupted sleep. It may reduce the percentage of sleep and increase microarousals due to breathing effort or gas exchange. A range of questionnaires have been validated and adapted to the pediatric population to screen for patients who require laboratory testing...
December 31, 2023: Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana: AOL
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Morgado-Carrasco, R de Lucas
Hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating, is characterized by overactivity of the eccrine sweat glands, usually associated with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Primary focal hyperhidrosis is the most common form and can affect the axillae, palms, soles, and/or face, often leading to significantly impaired quality of life and social functioning. Treatment is complex. Topical antiperspirants are normally recommended as the first-line treatment for mild hyperhidrosis. Multiple clinical trials and prospective studies support the efficacy and tolerability of oral and topical anticholinergics in the management of hyperhidrosis...
February 6, 2024: Actas Dermo-sifiliográficas
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chi Feng, Anglu Shen, Yuanli Zhu, Yongjiu Xu, Xia Lu
Frequent algal blooms in the nearshore area of the East China Sea (ECS) pose a serious threat to both the marine environment and human health. Climate and environmental changes play an important role in the occurrence of diatoms and dinoflagellates blooms. Using the MODIS-Aqua 1-km satellite observations, the outbreaks of dinoflagellate and diatom blooms in the ECS coast in summer during 2003-2022 were mapped. Our results found that although the bloom frequency of dinoflagellate was consistently higher than diatoms, its bloom intensity showed a slightly decline trend in recent decades...
February 3, 2024: Marine Pollution Bulletin
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge Lazo-Andrade, Patricio Barría, Ángel Urzúa
The bioenergetic status of fishes has been used to study their physiological responses to temporal changes at interannual scales. We evaluated the physiological responses of swordfish at an interannual scale from the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO): warm phase "El Niño" in 2015 to the cold phase "La Niña" in 2017 and under neutral conditions as well in 2019. Herein, muscle samples from females and males were analyzed to evaluate the bioenergetic status of their biochemical constituents (L: lipids, P: proteins and G: glucose, E: total energy, and FAs: fatty acid profile), elemental composition (C: carbon, N: nitrogen, H: hydrogen), and nutritional indices (L:P, C:N, DHA/C18:1n-3, DHA/C16:0 and ω3/ω6 FAs)...
January 31, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A distinct and reproducible teleconnection pattern over North America during extreme El Niño events.
Margot Beniche, Jérôme Vialard, Matthieu Lengaigne, Aurore Voldoire, Gangiredla Srinivas, Nicholas M J Hall
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections are an important predictability source for extratropical seasonal climate forecasts. Previous studies suggest that the ENSO teleconnection pattern depends on the ENSO phase (El Niño vs. La Niña) and/or Sea Surface Temperature (SST) pattern (central Pacific vs. eastern Pacific El Niño events). Observations and ensemble simulations with the CNRM-CM6.1 atmospheric general circulation model indicate that only extreme El Niño events (e...
January 30, 2024: Scientific Reports
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