keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38128654/costs-and-benefits-of-synthetic-nitrogen-for-global-cereal-production-in-2015-and-in-2050-under-contrasting-scenarios
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alfredo Rodriguez, Hans J M van Grinsven, Marloes P van Loon, Jonathan C Doelman, Arthur H W Beusen, Luis Lassaletta
Cereals are the most important global staple crop and use more than half of global cropland and synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer. While this synthetic N may feed half of the current global population, it has led to a massive increase in reactive N loss to the environment, causing a suite of impacts, offsetting the benefits of N fertilizers for food security and agricultural economy. To address these complex issues, the NBCalCer model was developed to quantify the global effects of N input on crop yields, N budgets and environmental impacts and to assess the associated social benefits and costs...
December 19, 2023: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38124577/message-sharing-scheme-based-on-edge-computing-in-iov
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shufen Niu, Wei Liu, Sen Yan, Qi Liu
With the rapid development of 5G wireless communication and sensing technology, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) will establish a widespread network between vehicles and roadside infrastructure. The collected road information is transferred to the cloud server with the assistance of roadside infrastructure, where it is stored and made available to other vehicles as a resource. However, in an open cloud environment, message confidentiality and vehicle identity privacy are severely compromised, and current attribute-based encryption algorithms still burden vehicles with large computational costs...
November 20, 2023: Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering: MBE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38123988/overview-of-road-traffic-injuries-among-migrant-workers-in-guangzhou-china-from-2017-to-2021
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tengfei Yang, Jiangwei Kong, Xinzhe Chen, Haotian Zeng, Nian Zhou, Xingan Yang, Qifeng Miao, Xinbiao Liao, Fu Zhang, Fengchong Lan, Huijun Wang, Dongri Li
INTRODUCTION: There are many migrant workers in China's first-tier cities, but little is known about road safety. This paper systematically analysed road traffic injuries and risk factors among migrant workers in Guangzhou, China. METHODS: Road traffic crash data from 2017 to 2021 were obtained from the Guangzhou Public Security Traffic Management Integrated System. We plotted the crash network of road users in road traffic crashes and used logistic regression to analyse the risk factors for migrant workers of motorcycle and four-wheeled vehicle crashes...
December 19, 2023: Injury Prevention: Journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102148/geometric-trust-based-secure-localization-technique-for-resiliency-of-gps-outage-and-location-error-in-vehicular-cyber-physical-systems-vcps
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nithiyanandam N, Rajesh M, Sitharthan Ramachandran, Vengatesan K, Mohamed Imran A, Dhanamjayulu C, Baseem Khan
Management of vehicle traffic is a challenging task as it is non-deterministic by nature. Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems (VCPS) is the emerging field of dynamics of vehicle management. Vehicle localization is considered an important task in VCPS. Many researchers proposed methodologies for this based on the Global Positioning System (GPS) which poses few location identification errors. Also, there are more vulnerabilities to the existing vehicular positioning system due to Zig-Zag attacks and bad-mouth attacks...
December 15, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38077614/a-secure-cross-domain-interaction-scheme-for-blockchain-based-intelligent-transportation-systems
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haiping Si, Weixia Li, Qingyi Wang, Haohao Cao, Fernando Bacao, Changxia Sun
In the intelligent transportation system (ITS), secure and efficient data communication among vehicles, road testing equipment, computing nodes, and transportation agencies is important for building a smart city-integrated transportation system. However, the traditional centralized processing approach may face threats in terms of data leakage and trust. The use of distributed, tamper-proof blockchain technology can improve the decentralized storage and security of data in the ITS network. However, the cross-trust domain devices, terminals, and transportation agencies in the heterogeneous blockchain network of the ITS still face great challenges in trusted data communication and interoperability...
2023: PeerJ. Computer Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38067879/heuristic-path-search-and-multi-attribute-decision-making-based-routing-method-for-vehicular-safety-messages
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Nie, Junjie Zhang, Haizhou Bao, Yiming Huo
Efficient routing in urban vehicular networks is essential for timely and reliable safety message transmission, and the selection of paths and relays greatly affects the quality of routing. However, existing routing methods usually face difficulty in finding the globally optimal transmission path due to their greedy search strategies or the lack of effective ways to accurately evaluate relay performance in intricate traffic scenarios. Therefore, we present a vehicular safety message routing method based on heuristic path search and multi-attribute decision-making (HMDR)...
November 29, 2023: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38067851/influence-of-accelerometer-sensor-position-for-measurement-of-lateral-acceleration-of-delivery-van-for-cargo-securement
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juraj Jagelcak, Jaroslava Kubanova
The use of sensors in monitoring lateral accelerations in delivery van transport focuses on measuring lateral accelerations on routes with roundabouts and curves to increase road safety. Using microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensors, it measures the lateral accelerations acting on the vehicle and the load being transported during the test drives to study vehicle dynamics of delivery van for cargo securing, which is essential to the decision of where accelerometer sensors should be placed when monitoring accelerations or performing cargo securing tests...
November 28, 2023: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38055166/environmental-effects-from-petroleum-product-transportation-spillage-in-nigeria-a-critical-review
#28
REVIEW
Ikenna Ignatius George, Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi, Zaidi Jafaar Mohd, Bayero Salih Farah
Nigeria has struggled to meet sustainable development goals (SDGs) on environmental sustainability, transportation, and petroleum product distribution for decades, endangering human and ecological health. Petroleum product spills contaminate soil, water, and air, harming humans, aquatic life, and biodiversity. The oil and gas industry contributes to environmental sustainability and scientific and technological advancement through its supply chain activities in the transport and logistics sectors. This paper reviewed the effects of petroleum product transportation at three accident hotspots on Nigeria highway, where traffic and accident records are alarming due to the road axis connecting the southern and northern regions of the country...
December 6, 2023: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043824/risk-assessment-and-source-apportionment-of-available-atmospheric-heavy-metal-in-a-typical-sandy-area-reservoir-in-inner-mongolia-china
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhenyu Shi, Junping Lu, Tingxi Liu, Xiaoqin Zhao, Yinghui Liu, Jiahui Mi, Xiaoze Zhao
This study evaluated dry and wet deposition of atmospheric heavy metals (HMs) in a sandy area of Inner Mongolia, China, with the Dahekou Reservoir, Xilin Gol League, adopted as the study area. Monthly monitoring of atmospheric HM dry and wet deposition was conducted over one year (2021 to 2022) at 12 monitoring points, producing 144 dry and wet deposition samples, respectively. The sample contents of eight HMs (Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, As, and Cd) were determined to estimate the fluxes of available forms of heavy metal (AHM) in dry and wet deposition...
December 1, 2023: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043140/eimeria-leuckarti-in-equid-coprolites-from-the-sassanid-era-2nd-6th-century-ce-excavated-in-chehrabad-salt-mine-archaeological-site-iran
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zeynab Askari, Alireza Sazmand, Gholamreza Mowlavi, Frank Rüehli, Saied Reza Naddaf, Mostafa Rezaeian, Thomas Stöllner, Abolfazl Aali, Niloofar Paknezhad, Domenico Otranto
OBJECTIVE: This study reports coccidian oocysts in an equid coprolite dated to the Sassanid Empire (2nd-6th century CE) recovered in Chehrabad Salt Mine archaeological site, Iran. METHODS: Between 2015 and 2017, an archaeoparasitological investigation led to the discovery of an equid coprolite in the Chehrabad Salt Mine archeological site, (Douzlakh), western Iran. Samples were rehydrated using trisodium phosphate solution and were examined by light microscopy. RESULTS: Seven oocysts of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch, 1883) were identified; they were in various stages of sporulation...
December 2, 2023: International Journal of Paleopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38027619/customers-satisfaction-towards-addis-ababa-city-s-minibus-taxi-service
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gebeyew Tadesse Deyas, Mintesnot Gebeyehu Woldeamanuel, Sitotaw Haile Erena
In Addis Ababa, Shared minibus taxis are contributing significantly more than any other form of public transit to meeting the city's transportation needs. But there were limited research done on taxis in general and customer satisfaction with minibus taxis in particular. Therefore, this study aims to assess the satisfaction of minibus taxi customers through a survey questionnaire distributed and collected at taxi stations. Descriptive analysis was used to measure the satisfaction levels/rates of respondents towards each service quality attribute of the minibus taxis...
November 2023: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37990190/demand-and-supply-analysis-for-maternal-and-child-health-services-at-the-primary-healthcare-level-in-nigeria
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Udochukwu U Ogu, Bassey Ebenso, Tolib Mirzoev, Nkolika Uguru, Enyi Etiaba, Benjamin Uzochukwu, Nkoli Ezumah, Obinna Onwujekwe
BACKGROUND: The low demand for maternal and child health services is a significant factor in Nigeria's high maternal death rate. This paper explores demand and supply-side determinants at the primary healthcare level, highlighting factors affecting provision and utilization. METHODS: This qualitative study was undertaken in Anambra state, southeast Nigeria. Anambra state was purposively chosen because a maternal and child health programme had just been implemented in the state...
November 21, 2023: BMC Health Services Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37976401/defining-the-learning-health-care-system-an-international-health-system-leadership-perspective
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren A Maggio, Karina Villalba, Deborah German, Steven L Kanter, Harold R Collard
PURPOSE: Over the past 2 decades, many academic health centers (AHCs) have implemented learning health systems (LHSs). However, the LHS has been defined with limited input from AHC leaders. This has implications because these individuals play a critical role in LHS implementation and sustainability. This study aims to demonstrate how an international group of AHC leaders defines the LHS and to identify key considerations they would pose to their leadership teams to implement and sustain the LHS...
November 17, 2023: Academic Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37968712/anopheles-larval-habitats-seasonality-and-environmental-factors-affecting-larval-abundance-and-distribution-in-arjo-didessa-sugar-cane-plantation-ethiopia
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arega Tsegaye, Assalif Demissew, Dawit Hawaria, Ashenafi Abossie, Hallelujah Getachew, Kassahun Habtamu, Teshome Degefa, Xiaoming Wang, Ming-Chieh Lee, Guofa Zhou, Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Guiyun Yan
BACKGROUND: Water resource development projects are essential for increasing agricultural productivity and ensuring food security. However, these activities require the modification of pre-existing environmental settings, which may alter mosquito larval habitat availability and seasonality. The intensive utilization of current adult vector control tools results in insecticide resistance among the main vectors. When coupled with behavioural resistances, a shift in malaria vector feeding and resting behaviours could compromise the effectiveness of the current adult vector control strategies...
November 15, 2023: Malaria Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37963051/securing-the-trustworthiness-of-the-fda-to-build-public-trust-in-vaccines
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leah Z Rand, Daniel P Carpenter, Aaron S Kesselheim, Anushka Bhaskar, Jonathan J Darrow, William B Feldman
The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the need to examine public trust in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) vaccine approval process and the role of political influence in the FDA's decisions. Ensuring that the FDA is itself trustworthy is important for justifying public trust in its actions, like vaccine approvals, thereby promoting public health. We propose five conditions of trustworthiness that the FDA should meet when it reviews vaccines, even during emergencies: consistency with rules, proper expert or political decision-makers, proper decision-making and noninterference, connection to public preference, and transparency of both reasons and procedures...
September 2023: Hastings Center Report
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37960527/observing-liquid-sloshing-based-on-a-multi-degree-of-freedom-pendulum-model-and-free-surface-fluctuation-sensor
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaojing Qi, Yingchao Zhang, Bolin Gao
Rollover prevention of partially filled tank trucks is an ongoing challenge in the road transportation industry, with the core challenge being real-time perception and observation of the liquid state inside the tank. In order to realize reliable observation of a sloshing liquid, this article first proposes a sloshing modeling method based on a multi-degree-of-freedom pendulum model and derives the double mass trammel pendulum model (DMTP, 2DOF) accordingly, which accurately reflects the sloshing dynamics under wider operating conditions...
October 30, 2023: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37960511/vehicle-detection-and-attribution-from-a-multi-sensor-dataset-using-a-rule-based-approach-combined-with-data-fusion
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lindsey A Bowman, Ram M Narayanan, Timothy J Kane, Eliza S Bradley, Matthew S Baran
Vehicle detection using data fusion techniques from overhead platforms (RGB/MSI imagery and LiDAR point clouds) with vector and shape data can be a powerful tool in a variety of fields, including, but not limited to, national security, disaster relief efforts, and traffic monitoring. Knowing the location and number of vehicles in a given area can provide insight into the surrounding activities and patterns of life, as well as support decision-making processes. While researchers have developed many approaches to tackling this problem, few have exploited the multi-data approach with a classical technique...
October 30, 2023: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37960470/vehicular-network-intrusion-detection-using-a-cascaded-deep-learning-approach-with-multi-variant-metaheuristic
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ankit Manderna, Sushil Kumar, Upasana Dohare, Mohammad Aljaidi, Omprakash Kaiwartya, Jaime Lloret
Vehicle malfunctions have a direct impact on both human and road safety, making vehicle network security an important and critical challenge. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have grown to be indispensable in recent years for enabling intelligent transport systems, guaranteeing traffic safety, and averting collisions. However, because of numerous types of assaults, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) and Denial of Service (DoS), VANETs have significant difficulties. A powerful Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) is required to overcome these security issues...
October 27, 2023: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37906837/how-fish-population-genomics-can-promote-sustainable-fisheries-a-road-map
#39
REVIEW
Leif Andersson, Dorte Bekkevold, Florian Berg, Edward D Farrell, Sabine Felkel, Mafalda S Ferreira, Angela P Fuentes-Pardo, Jake Goodall, Mats Pettersson
Maintenance of genetic diversity in marine fishes targeted by commercial fishing is a grand challenge for the future. Most of these species are abundant and therefore important for marine ecosystems and food security. Here, we present a road map of how population genomics can promote sustainable fisheries. In these species, the development of reference genomes and whole genome sequencing is key, because genetic differentiation at neutral loci is usually low due to large population sizes and gene flow. First, baseline allele frequencies representing genetically differentiated populations within species must be established...
October 31, 2023: Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37870647/spatial-variation-in-livelihood-security-among-livestock-based-agricultural-farming-systems-in-climatically-vulnerable-indian-sundarbans
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asif Mohammad, Sheikh Mohammad Feroze, Tapas Kumar Dutta, Champak Bhakat, Anupam Chatterjee
Farm households in the UNESCO World Heritage site Sundarbans face serious problems, including increased soil salinity, frequent extreme weather events, seawater intrusion and flood damage, all of which cause distress to the livelihoods of the farm families. Policymakers commonly acknowledge livestock as a crucial resource for mitigating economic losses caused by crop failures due to extreme weather events. Despite Sundarbans' vulnerability to extreme weather events, smallholder farmers' livelihoods vary across the region...
October 23, 2023: Tropical Animal Health and Production
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