Infantile hemangioma

Hemangioma is one of the most common types of infantile vascular benign tumor. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and tumor protein p53 (p53) in the proliferation and apoptosis of hemangioma cells. A total of 38 paraffin-embedded hemangioma specimens (16 males and 22 females) and another 5 paraffin-embedded healthy surrounding tissue samples, collected between January 2007 and December 2010, were obtained from the Department of Pathology at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan, China)...

Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumors of infancy and usually follow a typical course of growth and involution. We report four soft tissue tumors that were referred to the pediatric dermatology clinic as IHs and the process by which they were diagnosed and treated. Clinicians should be aware of presentations of these uncommon, but serious soft tissue tumors. Many of these mimickers have a vastly different clinical prognosis, and early intervention to limit sequelae is crucial. Biopsy of atypical lesions should be considered early in the diagnostic process since they have varied prognosis and treatment strategies...

Hepatic angiosarcoma is a rare, aggressive, malignant neoplasm with fewer than 50 cases reported in children. Prognosis is poor, with a minority surviving beyond 2 years after diagnosis. We report eight cases of pediatric hepatic angiosarcoma, diagnosed at a mean age of 3 years. Seven were initially diagnosed with an infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma (IHHE) or hemangioma and the eighth with a "vascular tumor." Two patients, who received liver transplant, survived. We suggest hepatic hemangiomas can rarely transform into angiosarcomas and a subset of IHHEs (Type II) are actually a low-grade form of angiosarcoma rather than a benign lesion...

BACKGROUND: Early-life programming is defined by the adaptive changes made by the fetus in response to an adverse in utero environment. Infantile hemangioma (IH), a vascular anomaly, is the most common tumor of infancy. Here we take IH as the tumor model to propose the stem cell teratogenic hypothesis of tumorigenesis and the potential involvement of the immune system. OBJECTIVES: Teratogenic agents include chemicals, heavy metals, pathogens, and ionizing radiation...

We present a female infant with a right-sided facial and neck haemangioma, from a remote, resource-poor community in rural Guatemala. She received first-line treatment, propranolol, with marked reduction in tumour size and erythema. Treatment was stopped after 35 weeks due to recurrent diarrhoea and sustained weight loss. Propranolol can be used to safely treat infants with haemangiomas in remote, rural communities if there is adequate follow-up, education and communication. Periocular haemangiomas should be treated promptly to avoid visual impairment...

OBJECTIVE: Hemangiomas are the most common benign vascular tumors of infancy. Although most infantile hemangiomas (IHs) have the ability to involute spontaneously after initial proliferation and resolve without consequence, intervention is required in a subset of IHs, which develop complications resulting in ulceration, bleeding, or aesthetic deformity. The primary treatment for this subset of IHs is pharmacological intervention, and propranolol has become the new first-line treatment for complicated hemangiomas...

Importance: Current treatment approaches for infantile hemangiomas of the nose include observation, pharmacologic agents, surgery, and/or laser therapy. Because of the known functional, social, and cosmetic effect of nasal deformities, obtaining the best possible result is critical. Optimal timing, type, duration, and extent of therapy remain unclear. Observations: Results of a review of 86 patients (64 females and 22 males; mean age, 4.8 months [range, 2 days-23 years]) with infantile hemangiomas of the nose treated from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2015, and a review of the literature are presented to gain insight into the preferred approach to the treatment of these lesions...

We report on an 8-month-old girl with an ulcerated occipital infantile hemangioma resulting in significant hemorrhage. The hemangioma responded rapidly to systemic propranolol and prednisolone, and we believe that describing her atypical clinical course would be helpful for others managing complicated scalp hemangiomas.

INTRODUCTION: Parotid tumors are rare in children and usually have multiple differential diagnoses that require different diagnostic and treatment methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of all consecutive pediatric patients with parotid tumors that were treated in Pediatric Surgery Service of Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients with parotid tumors were included and 72% (n=16) were female patients...

Although the efficacy of propranolol for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas (IHs) has been well documented, there is a paucity of clinical data regarding the safety and tolerance of propranolol in neonates. A prospective study of 51 patients less than 30 days of age with severe IH was conducted. All patients were admitted to the hospital for monitoring during initial propranolol treatment at day 0 with dose adjustments at days 7 and 28. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood glucose (BG) levels and potential side effects were evaluated during treatment...

Infantile hemangiomas are prevalent in the first few months of life and can be associated with risks of scarring, blindness, ulcerations, and airway obstruction depending on the location of lesions. Options for therapy include surgery, laser therapy, or medications. Propranolol is the only US Food and Drug Administration-approved medication option. Propranolol is a nonselective beta-blocker that crosses the blood-brain barrier because of its high lipophilicity, which increases the likelihood of central nervous system effects...

BACKGROUND: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a benign neoplasm that causes scarring and cosmetic problems after spontaneous regression. Therefore, aggressive treatments such as laser irradiation and corticosteroid have been used; however, recently, the effect of propranolol has been widely noticed. In this study, the authors applied propranolol to low-birth-weight infants with IHs and evaluated its effect. METHODS: Four low-birth-weight infants having IH were selected, with birth weights ranging from 582 to 814 g (average 703 g)...

Superficial vascular anomalies are a heterogeneous group of diseases, developed from various types of vessels and differentiated by their clinical presentation, progression, and prognosis. Their classification was first published by Mulliken and Glowacki in 1982, then endorsed by the International society of the study of vascular anomalies (ISSVA) in 1996 and updated in 2014. It separates vascular anomalies into two categories: vascular tumors characterized by cellular proliferation and vascular anomalies that are structural anomalies of blood vessels...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are benign lesions found in infants. Predicting the cosmetic outcome of these lesions is very difficult. Therefore, in this prospective study, we assessed whether using an infrared thermometer (IRT) to measure the surface temperature of IHs would help to predict their proliferative potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2012 and March 2014, we prospectively investigated 103 children up to 6 months of age with a diagnosis of IH...

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of laser therapy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the plasma of infants diagnosed with cutaneous hemangioma, in order to identify biomarkers for assessing the clinical efficacy of laser therapy. In total, 109 infants with superficial abdominal hemangioma received laser treatment, of which 74 were diagnosed in the proliferation phase, 20 in the regression phase and 15 in the involution phase...

BACKGROUND: There have been few reports on the efficacy and safety of oral administration of propranolol at 3 mg/kg/day in Japanese infantile hemangioma (IH) patients. METHODS: A multicenter, open-label phase III study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral propranolol solution in Japanese infants aged 35 to 150 days with proliferating IH. Thirty-two patients were enrolled in the study, received propranolol solution for 24 weeks at 3 mg/kg/day, and completed the study...

Accumulating studies have revealed the hypoxic condition and its crucial role in the distinctive progression of infantile hemangioma (IH), the most common benign tumor in infancy. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), an important gene mediating cellular adaptation to various stress signals, could confer a survival advantage for tumor cells under hypoxia and regulate tumor progression. However, the potential role of ATF4 in IH was still unknown. In this study, the expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, ATF4, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in 27 specimens of IH was measured by immunochemistry and double-labeling immunofluorescence, followed by the Spearman rank correlation test...

neonatal and infantile skin diseases are frequently encountered in the clinical practice and represent worldwide a socioeconomic issue. They encompass a wide range of acquired or congenital conditions, including infections, vascular lesions and inflammatory diseases and can present with different degrees of severity, leading in some cases to dramatic complications. Areas covered: In this paper we report the most recent evidences on the management of some common skin diseases in neonates and infants. Hemangiomas, viral, fungal and bacterial infections, omphalitis, atopic and seborrhoeic dermatitis, napkin disease will be treated and discussed...

BACKGROUND: Despite not being licensed for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas (IH) in infants younger than 5 weeks or older than 5 months, propranolol is often used in these age groups to prevent or to treat potentially severe complications. The objective of the present study was to review the experience of 8 Italian pediatric and dermatologic centers regarding propranolol treatment for IH started before 5 weeks or after 5 months of age. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients followed up for IH, on propranolol treatment started before 5 weeks or after 5 months of age, and collected information on sociodemographic data, treatment indications, IH involution, IH relapse, and treatment side effects...

Importance: There are limited data from randomized clinical trials comparing propranolol and steroid medication for treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH). Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of propranolol compared with steroid as a first-line treatment for IH. Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized clinical noninferiority trial tested the efficacy and safety of propranolol vs steroid treatment for IH at a single academic hospital...