hepatitis alcoholic

As the correlation between high fructose intake and metabolism-related diseases ( e.g. , obesity, fatty liver, and type 2 diabetes) has been increasingly reported, the health benefits of consuming ice wine high in fructose have been called into question. In this study, 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into control (pure water), fructose (130 g L-1 fructose solution), alcohol (11% alcohol solution), low-dose (50% diluted ice wine) and high-dose ice wine (100% ice wine) groups to investigate the effects and mechanisms of short-term (4 weeks) ice wine intake on hepatic glycolipid metabolism in mice...

INTRODUCTION: Abdominal aortic calcifications (AAC) are incidentally found on medical imaging and useful cardiovascular burden approximations. The Morphomic Aortic Calcification Score (MAC) leverages automated deep learning methods to quantify and score AACs. While associations of AAC and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been described, relationships of AAC with other liver diseases and clinical outcome are sparse. This study's purpose was to evaluate AAC and liver-related death in a cohort of Veterans with chronic liver disease (CLD)...

Approximately 1 in 4 people worldwide have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, there are currently no medications to treat this condition. This study investigated the role of adiposity-associated orphan G protein-coupled receptor 75 (GPR75) in liver lipid accumulation. We profiled Gpr75 expression and report that it is most abundant in the brain. Next, we generated the first single-cell-level analysis of Gpr75 and identified a subpopulation co-expressed with key appetite-regulating hypothalamic neurons...

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a leading factor of liver-related death worldwide. ALD has various manifestations that include steatosis, hepatitis, and cirrhosis and is currently without approved pharmacotherapies. The Src homology phosphatase 2 (Shp2) is a drug target in some cancers due to its positive regulation of Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and cell proliferation. Shp2 pharmacological inhibition yields beneficial outcomes in animal disease models, but its impact on ALD remains unexplored...

BACKGROUND: Over 50% of hospitalizations from hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are preventable, but patients often do not receive medical treatment. AIMS: To use a multimodal education intervention (MMEI) to increase HE treatment rates and to evaluate (1) trends in HE treatment, (2) predictors of receiving treatment, and (3) the impact of treatment on hospitalization outcomes. METHODS: Prospective single-center cohort study of patients hospitalized with HE from April 1, 2020-September 30, 2022...

BACKGROUND: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder indicated by a deterioration in the functioning of hepatocytes. Impaired brain function is observed in advanced alcoholic liver disease particularly manifesting as HE. The pathophysiology of alcohol-related HE remains unclear. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess alcoholism and socioeconomic status of patients with liver disease compared with stages of HE. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 62 alcoholic patients who have been consuming alcohol for more than 14 years...

OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to explore the involvement of interleukins (IL) - IL-6, IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 - in the evolution and diagnosis of non-alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. METHODS: The study subjects were selected from the patients who visited the Department of Hepatology of X Hospital in Y City from August 2021 to April 2023. Peripheral blood samples were collected. All participants were divided into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatitis, and healthy subjects four groups...

Globally, alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) has become an increased burden for society. Disulfirams, Benzodiazepines (BZDs), and corticosteroids are commonly used to treat ALD. However, the occurrence of side effects such as hepatotoxicity and dependence, impedes the achievement of desirable and optimal therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective and safer treatments. Hovenia dulcis is an herbal medicine promoting alcohol removal clearance, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties...

DESIGN: This study is a randomised, placebo-controlled, triple-arm, phase IIA clinical trial with double masking which investigates the effectiveness and safety of Cannabidiol (CBD) as an analgesic for acute dental pain. The intervention drug, Epidiolex is an FDA-approved CBD oral solution (100 mg/ml) derived from the cannabis plant. The psychoactive ingredient tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is not included. The maximum recommended daily dose of Epidiolex is 20 mg/kg. 64 patients with moderate-severe odontogenic pain participated in the study and REDCap software was utilised to randomly assign participants into groups: CBD10 (10 mg/kg), CBD20 (20 mg/kg) and placebo...

BACKGROUND: Chronic alcohol consumption is a major public health issue. The primary organ damaged by alcohol abuse is the liver, leading to alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). ALD begins with hepatic steatosis and can progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis; however, we have an incomplete understanding of ALD pathogenesis. Interestingly, the liver is also the major organ for vitamin A metabolism and storage, and ALD has previously been linked with altered hepatic vitamin A homeostasis...

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a link between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the MBOAT7 gene and advanced liver diseases. Specifically, the common MBOAT7 variant (rs641738) associated with reduced MBOAT7 expression is implicated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and liver fibrosis. However, the precise mechanism underlying MBOAT7-driven liver disease progression remains elusive. Previously, we identified MBOAT7-driven acylation of lysophosphatidylinositol lipids as key mechanism suppressing the progression of NAFLD (Gwag et al...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine anomalies among females of reproductive age, highlighted by hyperandrogenism. PCOS is multifactorial as it can be associated with obesity, insulin resistance, low-grade chronic inflammation, and dyslipidemia. PCOS also leads to dysbiosis by lowering microbial diversity and beneficial microbes, such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Akkermenisa, and Bifidobacterium, and by causing a higher load of opportunistic pathogens, such as Escherichia/Shigella, Fusobacterium, Bilophila, and Sutterella...

Chitobiose (COS2 ) efficiently lowers lipids in vivo and facilitates butyric acid enrichment during human fecal fermentation. However, whether COS2 can interact with butyric acid to generate a hypolipidemic effect remains unclear. This study examined the hypolipidemic mechanism of COS2 involving butyric acid, which could alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results revealed that COS2 administration modulated the β-oxidation pathway in the liver and restructured the short chain fatty acids in the fecal of ob/ob-/- mice...

BACKGROUND: Despite its rarity, porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is globally recognized as the most common form of cutaneous porphyria. This study aims to review the underlying associations and treatment of PCT in Scotland. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed data on 27 patients diagnosed with PCT between 1987 and 2022 at the Scottish Cutaneous Porphyria Service. RESULTS: Males slightly predominated (66.7%). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age at diagnosis was 55...

BACKGROUND: Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) synthesizes triacylglycerol (TG) from diacylglycerol; therefore, DGAT2 is considered as a therapeutic target for steatosis. However, the consequence of inhibiting DGAT2 is not fully investigated due to side effects including lethality and lipotoxicity. In this article, we observed the role of DGAT2 in hepatocarcinoma. METHODS: The role of DGAT2 is analyzed via loss-of-function assay. DGAT2 knockdown (KD) and inhibitor treatment on HepG2 cell line was analyzed...

Due to the comprehensive hepatitis B virus vaccination program in Taiwan since 1986, the development of antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C infection and covered by National health insurance. Besides, the increased prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and currently, approved therapy for NAFLD remain developing. The etiology of liver-related diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma required reinterpretation. This study aimed to analyze the incidence and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to viral (hepatitis B and hepatitis C) infection compared to that of nonviral etiology...

OBJECTIVE: Hepatic glucose metabolism is profoundly perturbed by excessive alcohol intake. miR-141/200c expression is significantly induced by chronic ethanol feeding. This study aimed at identifying the role of miR-141/200c in glucose homeostasis during chronic ethanol exposure. METHODS: WT and miR-141/200c KO mice were fed a control or an ethanol diet for 30 days, followed by a single binge of maltose dextrin or ethanol, respectively. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of hepatic primary metabolites was performed along with analyses for liver histology, gene expression, intracellular signaling pathways, and physiological relevance...

Haloacetaldehyde disinfection by-products (HAL-DBPs) are among the top three unregulated DBPs found in drinking water. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of HALs are much higher than that of the regulated trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. Previous studies have mainly focused on the toxic effects of single HALs, with few examining the toxic effects of mixed exposures to HALs. The study aimed to observe the effects of mixed exposures of 1∼1000X the realistic level of HALs on the hepatotoxicity and lipid metabolism of C57BL/6J mice, based on the component and concentration of HALs detected in the finished water of Shanghai...

Paeniclostridium sordellii, an anaerobic bacterium, causes hepatic infections in alcoholics and post-surgery (liver transplantation). While liver and brain abscesses are rare, drainage procedures and targeted antibiotic therapy assisted by early microbiological diagnosis have reduced mortality rates. We report a rare case of pyogenic liver abscess caused by Paeniclostridium sordellii in India, the early diagnosis of which has led to life saving outcome for the patient. Hence, the microbiological diagnosis and comprehensive medical-surgical treatment are vital for preventing mortality in Paeniclostridium sordellii infections...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex pathogenic metabolic syndrome characterized by increased inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In recent years, natural polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine have shown significant anti-inflammatory effects, making them an attractive therapeutic option. However, little research has been conducted on the therapeutic potential of dried tangerine peel polysaccharide (DTPP) - one of the most important medicinal resources in China...