comparative efficacy of ppis

OBJECTIVE: To examine the therapeutic mechanism of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in the management of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury induced by high glucose (HG), a comprehensive approach involving the integration of network pharmacology and conducting in vitro and in vivo experiments was utilized. METHODS: A rat model of diabetic retinopathy (DR) injury was created by administering streptozotocin through intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, a model of RGC injury induced by HG was established using a glucose concentration of 0...

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of dexlansoprazole (a proton pump inhibitor-PPI) in resolving heartburn, reflux, and other symptoms and complications resulting from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The study followed PRISMA 2020 and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020206513). The search strategy used MeSH and free terms appropriately adapted for each database. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The Cochrane tool (RoB 2.0) was used to assess the risk of bias, and the certainty of evidence was rated using GRADE...

BACKGROUND: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective drugs for treating acid-related disorders. However, once-daily dosing with conventional PPIs fail to fully control acid secretion over 24 h. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of HIP1601 (dual delayed-release esomeprazole) and HGP1705 (delayed-release esomeprazole) in patients with erosive esophagitis (EE). METHODS: We enrolled 213 patients with EE randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive 40 mg HIP1601 (n = 107) or HGP1705 (n = 106) once daily for 4 or 8 weeks...

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that chronically infects the gastric epithelium. Potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) are a promising alternative, being more potent than standard proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing P-CAB and PPI-based therapy, confirmed H. pylori infection, and measured eradication rates after at least four weeks...

BACKGROUND: Yukgunja-tang (YGJ) is an herbal prescription used to treat the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Although many preclinical and clinical studies on YGJ have been conducted on GERD, there is a lack of evidence from blinded studies to exclude placebo effects. Therefore, this protocol proposes a clinical trial that is single-centered, randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy to objectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of co-administered YGJ and rabeprazole (RPZ) in patients with GERD previously treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and still experiencing symptoms...

The alteration of the gut microbiota mediated by proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs could be involved in the clinical response associated with immunotherapy [immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICIs)] in cancer patients. Due to the current controversy in the scientific evidence, it has been proposed to evaluate the correlation between the concomitant use of PPIs and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in a real clinical practice setting. Single-center retrospective cohort study that included patients treated with anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA4, including nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, or the combination ipilimumab-nivolumab in metastatic neoplastic disease...

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) refers to the occurrence of an open erosion in the inner lining of the stomach, duodenum, or sometimes lower esophagus. Treatments like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) are available on the market to efficiently treat the break in the mucosal lining. However, there is little evidence about the effects of the medication on the type and location of the ulcer and the epigastric pain caused by disintegration and increased acidity in the stomach...

UNLABELLED: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) may induce eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are an effective treatment for EoE. However, the effect of PPI treatment is not well established in patients with EoE induced by OIT. Our primary aim was to compare the clinical, endoscopic, and histological response rates to PPIs in children with EoE induced by OIT (EoE+OIT) versus EoE patients without OIT (EoE-OIT). The secondary aims are to describe the clinical and histological features of EoE+OIT...

BACKGROUND: In the last 3 decades, omeprazole has proved its mettle in managing acid peptic diseases (APDs). It has established itself as the first line of therapy for duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers due to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this literature review is to assess the effectiveness of omeprazole as compared to the other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) currently in use and its safety and efficacy in special populations, including the pediatric and geriatric populations...

BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients commonly receive proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding from stress-induced ulceration. Despite widespread use in the intensive care unit (ICU), observational data suggest that PPIs may be associated with adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection. This preplanned study is nested within a large randomized trial evaluating pantoprazole versus placebo in invasively ventilated patients. The 3 objectives are as follows: (1) to describe the characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in terms of demographics, biomarkers, venous thromboembolism, tracheostomy incidence and timing, and other clinical outcomes; (2) to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 infection on clinically important GI bleeding, 90-day mortality, and other outcomes compared to a propensity-matched non-infected cohort; and (3) to explore whether pantoprazole has a differential treatment effect on clinically important GI bleeding, 90-day mortality, and other outcomes in patients with and without COVID-19 infection...

Three series of compounds were prioritized from a high content screening campaign that identified molecules that blocked dihydrotestosterone (DHT) induced formation of Androgen Receptor (AR) protein-protein interactions (PPIs) with the Transcriptional Intermediary Factor 2 (TIF2) coactivator and also disrupted preformed AR-TIF2 PPI complexes; the hydrobenzo-oxazepins (S1), thiadiazol-5-piperidine-carboxamides (S2), and phenyl-methyl-indoles (S3). Compounds from these series inhibited AR PPIs with TIF2 and SRC-1, another p160 coactivator, in mammalian 2-hybrid assays and blocked transcriptional activation in reporter assays driven by full length AR or AR-V7 splice variants...

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection and associated diseases are a growing global public health issue. H. pylori infection is the major cause of gastric cancer, over 90% of duodenal ulcers, and over 70% of gastric ulcers. The infection rate of H. pylori is approximately 50%, and approximately 50% of new cases of gastric cancer worldwide occur in China. Bismuth (BI)-based quadruple therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment for H. pylori in China. Vonoprazan (VPZ), a new potassium-competitive acid blocker that can inhibit gastric acid secretion more effectively than proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), has been combined with antibiotics to effectively eradicate H...

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a mainstay treatment for acid peptic disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Although PPIs are considered first-line medications for acid suppression, they have notable limitations such as requiring acid-mediated activation, short half-life and duration of action, and metabolic variability. Fexuprazan is a newly developed potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), which inhibits acid generation and secretion in a competitive and reversible manner. Fexuprazan, like other P-CABs, has significantly different pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties than PPIs with potential advantages including rapid, robust, and durable acid suppression, lack of CYP2C19 metabolism, independence from food intake, and no requirement for activation into an active form...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The efficacy and safety of anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) or radiofrequency energy delivery in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been reported, but the difference between the 2 remains unclear. METHODS: This was a single center, randomized, comparative clinical study. Patients with symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation despite proton pump inhibitor treatment were randomly assigned to either ARMS group (n = 20) or radiofrequency group (n = 20)...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: H2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) have been used to treat gastritis by inhibiting gastric acid. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are more potent acid suppressants than H2RA. However, the efficacy and safety of low-dose PPI for treating gastritis remain unclear. The aim was to investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose PPI for treating gastritis. METHODS: A double-blind, noninferiority, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial randomly assigned 476 patients with endoscopic erosive gastritis to a group using esomeprazole 10 mg (DW1903) daily and a group using famotidine 20 mg (DW1903R1) daily for 2 weeks...

The present network meta-analysis aimed to enhance the corresponding evidence with respect to the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals treatments. Frequentist network meta-analysis was used. Medical literature up to November 2022 was searched for randomized clinical trials assessing the efficacy and safety of these pharmaceuticals, either compared with each other or compared with placebo. With the exception of ranitidine (300 mg four times daily) and vonoprazan (20 mg once daily) having lower safety than placebo, the efficacy and safety of the remaining treatments were superior to placebo...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is an independently risk factor of atrial fibrillation (AF). It is likely that the global burden of AF will escalate due to the current obesity epidemic. Weight loss can effectively reduce the risk of AF, while sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) can reduce body weight, so SGLT2i are potentially effective for obesity-related AF. SGLT2i are a novel type of oral medication. This current study used network pharmacology to examine the potential mechanisms of SGLT2i in the treatment of obesity-related AF, and the therapeutic effects were assessed in vivo ...

Background and Objectives: This investigation aimed to determine the impacts of concurrent proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer managed with palbociclib or ribociclib as either the initial or subsequent line of therapy option. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, patients were classified as "concurrent PPIs" if PPIs were given for at least two-thirds of the palbociclib or ribociclib therapy period, and "no concurrent PPIs" if no PPIs were given during the period of palbociclib or ribociclib therapy...

BACKGROUND : Endoscopic full-thickness plication (EFTP) has shown promising results in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but its efficacy in GERD after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is unclear. METHODS : In a prospective, randomized trial of post-POEM patients dependent on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for documented GERD, patients underwent EFTP (plication to remodel the gastroesophageal flap valve) or an endoscopic sham procedure (positioning of the EFTP device, but no stapling). The primary end point was improvement in acid exposure time (AET) < 6 % (3 months)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common condition in infants. Usually, it resolves spontaneously in 95% of cases within 12-14 months of age, but gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may develop in some children. Most authors do not recommend pharmacological treatment of GER, while the management of GERD is debated. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze and summarize the available literature on the clinical use of gastric antisecretory drugs in pediatric patients with GERD...