Magnetoencephalography depression

BACKGROUND: Electrophysiologic measures provide an opportunity to inform mechanistic models and possibly biomarker prediction of response. Serotonergic psychedelics (SPs) (i.e., psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)) and ketamine represent new investigational and established treatments in mood disorders respectively. There is a need to better characterize the mechanism of action of these agents. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review investigating the spectral signatures of psilocybin, LSD, and ketamine in persons with major depressive disorder (MDD), treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and healthy controls...

Hopelessness is a key risk factor for suicide. This analysis explored whether hopelessness indicates a recent suicide crisis state and is linked with magnetoencephalography (MEG) oscillatory power and effective connectivity differences. Change in hopelessness ratings and effective connectivity post-ketamine were also evaluated in a subsample of high-risk individuals to evaluate correlates of dynamic changes over time. Participants (66F;44 M;1 transgender) included individuals with suicide crisis in the last two weeks (High Risk (HR), n = 14), those with past suicide attempt but no recent suicide ideation (SI) (Low Risk (LR), n = 37), clinical controls (CC, n = 33), and healthy volunteers at minimal risk (MinR, n = 27)...

BACKGROUND: Response inhibition is a key neurocognitive factor contributing to impulsivity in mood disorders. Here, we explored the common and differential alterations of neural circuits associated with response inhibition in bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar disorder (UD) and whether the oscillatory signatures can be used as early biomarkers in BD. METHODS: 39 patients with BD, 36 patients with UD, 29 patients initially diagnosed with UD who later underwent diagnostic conversion to BD, and 36 healthy controls performed a Go/No-Go task during MEG scanning...

Identifying functional biomarkers related to treatment success can aid in expediting therapy optimization, as well as contribute to a better understanding of the neural mechanisms of the treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation (SCC-DBS). Magnetoencephalography data were obtained from 16 individuals with SCC-DBS for TRD and 25 healthy subjects. The first objective of the study was to identify region-specific oscillatory modulations that both (i) discriminate individuals with TRD (with SCC-DBS OFF) from healthy controls, and (ii) discriminate TRD treatment responders from non-responders (with SCC-DBS ON)...

BACKGROUND: The brain functional network topology in new daily persistent headache (NDPH) is not well understood. In this study, we aim to assess the cortical functional network topological characteristics of NDPH using non-invasive neural signal recordings. METHODS: Resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to measure power fluctuations in neuronal oscillations from distributed cortical parcels in 35 patients with NDPH and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Their structural data were collected by 3T MRI...

A crucial skill, especially in rapidly changing environments, is to be able to learn efficiently from prior rewards or losses and apply this acquired knowledge in upcoming situations. Often, we must weigh the risks of different options and decide whether an option is worth the risk or whether we should choose a safer option. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is suggested as a major hub for basic but also higher-order reward processing. Dysfunction in this region has been linked to cognitive risk factors for depression and behavioral addictions, including reduced optimism and feedback learning...

OBJECTIVE: As neuropsychologists continually work to establish clinical standards of practice for evaluation of linguistically and culturally diverse children with epilepsy (Berrios-Siervo et al., 2023), this case study supports efforts to document complex assessment procedures with an adolescent who recently immigrated from Mexico to the U.S. METHOD: A 16-year-old, right-handed, primarily Spanish-speaking, Hispanic male with intractable epilepsy (complex partial seizures) was referred for a presurgical neuropsychological evaluation...

Tinnitus, a frequent disorder, is the conscious perception of a sound in the absence of a corresponding external acoustic sound source in the sense of a phantom sound. Although the majority of people who perceive a tinnitus sound can cope with it and are only minimaly impaired in their quality of lfe, 2-3% of the population perceive tinnitus as a major problem. Recently it has been proposed that the two groups should be differentiated by distict terms: "Tinnitus" describes the auditory or sensory component, whereas "Tinnitus Disorder" reflects the auditory component and the associated suffering...

BACKGROUND: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) could explore and resolve brain signals with realistic temporal resolution to investigate the underlying electrophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and the treatment efficacy. Here, we explore whether neuro-electrophysiological features of MDD at baseline can be used as a neural marker to predict their early antidepressant response. METHODS: Sixty-six medication-free patients with MDD and 48 healthy controls were enrolled and underwent resting-state MEG scans...

Altered brain functional connectivity has been observed in conditions such as schizophrenia, dementia and depression and may represent a target for treatment. Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that is increasingly used in the treatment of a variety of health conditions. We previously combined tVNS with magnetoencephalography (MEG) and observed that various stimulation frequencies affected different brain areas in healthy individuals. We further investigated whether tVNS had an effect on functional connectivity with a focus on brain regions associated with mood...

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BACKGROUND: The mood-concordance bias is a key feature of major depressive disorder (MDD), but the spatiotemporal neural activity associated with emotional processing in MDD remains unclear. Understanding the dysregulated connectivity patterns during emotional processing and their relationship with clinical symptoms could provide insights into MDD neuropathology. METHODS: We enrolled 108 MDD patients and 64 healthy controls (HCs) who performed an emotion recognition task during magnetoencephalography recording...

BACKGROUND: Psychomotor alterations are a common symptom in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The primary motor cortex (M1) plays a vital role in the mechanism of psychomotor alterations. Post-movement beta rebound (PMBR) in the sensorimotor cortex is abnormal in patients with motor abnormalities. However, the changes in M1 beta rebound in patients with MDD remain unclear. This study aimed to primarily explore the relationship between psychomotor alterations and PMBR in MDD...

INTRODUCTION: The psychomotor disturbance is a common symptom in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The neurological mechanisms of psychomotor disturbance are intricate, involving alterations in the structure and function of motor-related regions. However, the relationship among changes in the spontaneous activity, motor-related activity, local cortical thickness, and psychomotor function remains unclear. METHOD: A total of 140 patients with MDD and 68 healthy controls performed a simple right-hand visuomotor task during magnetoencephalography (MEG) scanning...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this paper is to provide a mini-review covering the recent progress in human and animal studies on local field potentials (LFPs) of major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE were searched to identify related studies. Inclusion criteria were (1) reported the LFPs on OCD or MDD, (2) published in English, and (3) human or animal studies. Exclusion criteria were (1) review or meta-analysis or other literature types without original data and (2) conference abstract without full text...

OBJECTIVE: Because of the similar clinical symptoms, it is difficult to distinguish unipolar disorder (UD) from bipolar disorder (BD) in the depressive episode using the available clinical features, especially for those who meet the diagnostic criteria of UD, however, experience the manic episode during the follow-up (tBD). METHODS: Magnetoencephalography recordings during a sad expression recognition task were obtained from 81 patients (27 BD, 24 tBD, 30 UD) and 26 healthy controls (HCs)...

BACKGROUND: Theories of the intergenerational transmission of depression emphasize alterations in emotion processing among offspring of depressed mothers as a key risk mechanism, raising questions about biological processes contributing to these alterations. The objective of this systematic annual research review was to examine and integrate studies of the associations between maternal depression diagnoses and offspring's emotion processing from birth through adolescence across biological measures including autonomic psychophysiology, electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), event-related potentials (ERP), and structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with high suicidality, especially for those with suicide attempt (SA). Although impaired oscillatory activity has been previously reported in patients with SA, little is known about precise temporal-spatial variability of its neural dynamics. To solve this, current study probed the spectral power and network interactions underlying SA in MDD. METHODS: The present study recruited 104 subjects including 56 subjects with MDD (30 with SA and 26 without SA) and 48 healthy controls, who performed sad expressions recognition task during magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording...

BACKGROUND: Unipolar depression (UD) and bipolar depression (BD) showed convergent and divergent cognitive impairments. Neural oscillations are linked to the foundational cognitive processes. We aimed to investigate the underpinning spectral neuronal power patterns by magnetoencephalography (MEG), which combinates high spatial and temporal resolution. We hypothesized that patients with UD and BD exhibit common and distinct patterns, which may contribute to their cognitive impairments...

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the pathogenesis underlying cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder (MDD). We aimed to explore the mechanisms of cognitive impairments among patients with MDD by investigating the dynamics of overlapping brain sub-networks. METHODS: Forty unmedicated patients with MDD and 28 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Cognitive function was measured using the Chinese versions of MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB)...