keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37366488/deficits-in-cerebellum-dependent-learning-and-cerebellar-morphology-in-male-and-female-btbr-autism-model-mice
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth A Kiffmeyer, Jameson A Cosgrove, Jenna K Siganos, Heidi E Bien, Jade E Vipond, Karisa R Vogt, Alexander D Kloth
Recently, there has been increased interest in the role of the cerebellum in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). To better understand the pathophysiological role of the cerebellum in ASD, it is necessary to have a variety of mouse models that have face validity for cerebellar disruption in humans. Here, we add to the literature on the cerebellum transgenic and induced mouse models of autism with the characterization of the cerebellum in the BTBR T+Itpr3tf /J (BTBR) inbred mouse strain, which has behavioral phenotypes that are suggestive of ASD in patients...
December 2022: NeuroSci
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37224936/nondeclarative-associative-learning-in-alzheimer-s-disease-an-overview-of-eyeblink-fear-and-other-emotion-based-conditioning
#22
REVIEW
Wayson Maturana, Isabela Lobo, J Landeira-Fernandes, Daniel C Mograbi
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, particularly in declarative memory, and the presence of β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and cortical atrophy (especially in the temporal lobe). Unlike the relationship between the temporal cortex and declarative memory, nondeclarative memories (e.g., motor, fear, and other emotion-based memories) involve distinct neural structures. The present review investigates nondeclarative associative learning ability in Alzheimer's disease...
May 22, 2023: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37210441/effects-of-working-memory-load-and-cs-us-intervals-on-delay-eyeblink-conditioning
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leila Etemadi, Dan-Anders Jirenhed, Anders Rasmussen
Eyeblink conditioning is used in many species to study motor learning and make inferences about cerebellar function. However, the discrepancies in performance between humans and other species combined with evidence that volition and awareness can modulate learning suggest that eyeblink conditioning is not merely a passive form of learning that relies on only the cerebellum. Here we explored two ways to reduce the influence of volition and awareness on eyeblink conditioning: (1) using a short interstimulus interval, and (2) having participants do working memory tasks during the conditioning...
May 20, 2023: NPJ Science of Learning
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37161289/delay-eyeblink-conditioning-performance-and-brain-wide-c-fos-expression-in-male-and-female-mice
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Roa Oyaga, Ines Serra, Devika Kurup, Sebastiaan K E Koekkoek, Aleksandra Badura
Delay eyeblink conditioning has been extensively used to study associative learning and the cerebellar circuits underlying this task have been largely identified. However, there is a little knowledge on how factors such as strain, sex and innate behaviour influence performance during this type of learning. In this study, we used male and female mice of C57BL/6J (B6) and B6CBAF1 strains to investigate the effect of sex, strain and locomotion in delay eyeblink conditioning. We performed a short and a long delay eyeblink conditioning paradigm and used a c-Fos immunostaining approach to explore the involvement of different brain areas in this task...
May 2023: Open Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37156612/behavioral-and-transcriptome-profiling-of-heterozygous-rab10-knockout-mice
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wyatt Bunner, Jie Wang, Sarah Cohen, Denys Bashtovyy, Rachel Perry, Daniel Shookster, Taylor Landry, Elizabeth M Harris, Robert Stackman, Tuan D Tran, Ryohei Yasuda, Erzsebet M Szatmari
A central question in the field of aging research is to identify the cellular and molecular basis of neuroresilience. One potential candidate is the small GTPase, Rab10. Here we used Rab10+/- mice to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying Rab10-mediated neuroresilience. Brain expression analysis of 880 genes involved in neurodegeneration showed that Rab10+/- mice have increased activation of pathways associated with neuronal metabolism, structural integrity, neurotransmission, and neuroplasticity compared to their Rab10+/+ littermates...
May 8, 2023: ENeuro
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37073587/the-fear-that-remains-associations-between-trauma-related-psychopathology-and-fear-potentiated-startle-in-youth-resettled-as-refugees
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lana Ruvolo Grasser, Bassem Saad, Celine Bazzi, Hiba Abu Suhaiban, Dalia F Mammo, Ragda Izar, Noor Abou Rass, Sterling J Winters, Raya Nashef, Ayat Abed Ali, Arash Javanbakht, Tanja Jovanovic
Fear-potentiated startle (FPS) can be used to measure fear and safety learning-behaviors affected by trauma that may map onto posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Therefore, FPS could be a candidate biomarker of trauma-related psychopathology and a potential identifier of trauma-exposed youth in need of focused treatment. We enrolled n = 71 (35 females, Mage  = 12.7 years) Syrian youth exposed to civilian war trauma. Eyeblink electromyogram (EMG) data from a differential conditioning FPS paradigm were obtained 2...
May 2023: Developmental Psychobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37059165/impact-of-fornix-lesions-on-tone-off-delay-vs-tone-on-trace-eyeblink-conditioning-in-rats
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew M Campolattaro, Olga Lipatova, Katherine Horenstein
Research has shown differences in the neural mechanisms that support trace and delay eyeblink conditioning. The present experiment furthered this investigation by examining the effect of electrolytic fornix lesions on acquisition of trace and delay eyeblink conditioning in the rat. Importantly, the conditioned stimulus (CS) for trace conditioning was a standard tone-on cue, and the CS for delay conditioning was either a tone-off or tone-on CS. The results showed that fornix lesions impaired trace-, but not delay conditioning in rats trained with the tone-on CS or tone-off CS...
April 12, 2023: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37029391/the-activation-of-mglur4-rescues-parallel-fiber-synaptic-transmission-and-ltp-motor-learning-and-social-behavior-in-a-mouse-model-of-fragile-x-syndrome
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ricardo Martín, Alberto Samuel Suárez-Pinilla, Nuria García-Font, M Luisa Laguna-Luque, Juan C López-Ramos, María Jesús Oset-Gasque, Agnes Gruart, José M Delgado-García, Magdalena Torres, José Sánchez-Prieto
BACKGROUND: Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited intellectual disability, is caused by the loss of expression of the Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP). FMRP is an RNA-binding protein that negatively regulates the expression of many postsynaptic as well as presynaptic proteins involved in action potential properties, calcium homeostasis and neurotransmitter release. FXS patients and mice lacking FMRP suffer from multiple behavioral alterations, including deficits in motor learning for which there is currently no specific treatment...
April 7, 2023: Molecular Autism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37022454/operator-state-in-a-workplace-simulation-modulates-eye-blink-related-eeg-activity
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emad Alyan, Edmund Wascher, Stefan Arnau, Ruth Kaesemann, Julian Elias Reiser
Evaluating and understanding the cognitive demands of natural activities has been difficult using neurocognitive approaches like mobile EEG. While task-unrelated stimuli are commonly added to a workplace simulation to estimate event-related cognitive processes, using eyeblink activity poses an alternative as it is inherent to human behavior. This study aimed to investigate the eye blink event-related EEG activity of fourteen subjects while working in a power-plant operator simulation - actively operating (active condition) or observing (passive condition) a real-world steam engine...
February 3, 2023: IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36950506/a-computational-passage-of-time-model-of-the-cerebellar-purkinje-cell-in-eyeblink-conditioning
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew Ricci, Junkyung Kim, Fredrik Johansson
The cerebellar Purkinje cell controlling eyeblinks can learn, remember, and reproduce the interstimulus interval in a classical conditioning paradigm. Given temporally separated inputs, the cerebellar Purkinje cell learns to pause its tonic inhibition of a motor pathway with high temporal precision so that an overt blink occurs at the right time. Most models place the passage-of-time representation in upstream network effects. Yet, bypassing the upstream network and directly stimulating the Purkinje cell's pre-synaptic fibers during conditioning still causes acquisition of a well-timed response...
2023: Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36944865/weaker-situations-uncertainty-reveals-individual-differences-in-learning-implications-for-ptsd
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Todd Allen
Few individuals who experience trauma develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Therefore, the identification of individual differences that signal increased risk for PTSD is important. Lissek et al. (2006) proposed using a weak rather than a strong situation to identify individual differences. A weak situation involves less-salient cues as well as some degree of uncertainty, which reveal individual differences. A strong situation involves salient cues with little uncertainty, which produce consistently strong responses...
March 22, 2023: Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36928351/the-d-amino-acid-oxidase-inhibitor-luvadaxistat-improves-mismatch-negativity-in-patients-with-schizophrenia-in-a-randomized-trial
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricio O'Donnell, Cheng Dong, Venkatesha Murthy, Mahnaz Asgharnejad, Xiaoming Du, Ann Summerfelt, Hong Lu, Lin Xu, Jens R Wendland, Eduardo Dunayevich, Derek L Buhl, Robert Litman, William P Hetrick, L Elliot Hong, Laura B Rosen
Several attempts have been made to enhance N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function in schizophrenia, but they have yielded mixed results. Luvadaxistat, a D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor that increases the glutamate co-agonist D-serine levels, is being developed for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia. We conducted a biomarker study in patients, assessing several endpoints related to physiological outcomes of NMDA receptor modulation to determine whether luvadaxistat affects neural circuitry biomarkers relevant to NMDA receptor function and schizophrenia...
March 16, 2023: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36810641/hypothermia-increases-cold-inducible-protein-expression-and-improves-cerebellar-dependent-learning-after-hypoxia-ischemia-in-the-neonatal-rat
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel Perez-Pouchoulen, Ayodele Jaiyesimi, Keti Bardhi, Jaylyn Waddell, Aditi Banerjee
BACKGROUND: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy remains a significant cause of developmental disability.1,2 The standard of care for term infants is hypothermia, which has multifactorial effects.3-5 Therapeutic hypothermia upregulates the cold-inducible protein RNA binding motif 3 (RBM3) that is highly expressed in developing and proliferative regions of the brain.6,7 The neuroprotective effects of RBM3 in adults are mediated by its ability to promote the translation of mRNAs such as reticulon 3 (RTN3)...
February 21, 2023: Pediatric Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36798600/dataset-of-eyeblink-conditioning-in-mice-treated-with-the-selective-mglur1-antagonist-jnj16259685
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shoichi Tohyama, Yasushi Kishimoto
Eyeblink conditioning is associated with motor learning, which requires the cerebellum and the brainstem. This article provides behavioral data on whether JNJ16259685, a selective metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 (mGluR1) antagonist, affects eyeblink conditioning in wild-type mice (C57BL/6 J strain). The dataset contains four types of behavioral outputs pertinent to eyeblink conditioning. We used a t -test and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyze the percentage of conditioned responses (CR%), peak CR latencies, onset CR latencies, and electromyography (EMG) amplitudes...
April 2023: Data in Brief
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36735531/positive-feedback-of-efferent-copy-via-pontine-nucleus-facilitates-cerebellum-mediated-associative-learning
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Na Xiao, Guangyan Wu, Zhanhong Zhou, Juan Yao, Bing Wu, Jianfeng Sui, Chung Tin
The cerebellum is critical for motor coordination and learning. However, the role of feedback circuitry in this brain region has not been fully explored. Here, we characterize a nucleo-ponto-cortical feedback pathway in classical delayed eyeblink conditioning (dEBC) of rats. We find that the efference copy is conveyed from the interposed cerebellar nucleus (Int) to cerebellar cortex through pontine nucleus (PN). Inhibiting or exciting the projection from the Int to the PN can decelerate or speed up acquisition of dEBC, respectively...
February 2, 2023: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36430459/choline-improves-neonatal-hypoxia-ischemia-induced-changes-in-male-but-not-female-rats
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tayo Adeyemo, Ayodele Jaiyesimi, Jill G Bumgardner, Charity Lohr, Aditi Banerjee, Mary C McKenna, Jaylyn Waddell
Choline is an essential nutrient with many roles in brain development and function. Supplementation of choline in early development can have long-lasting benefits. Our experiments aimed to determine the efficacy of choline supplementation in a postnatal day (PND) 10 rat model of neonatal hypoxia ischemia (HI) at term using both male and female rat pups. Choline (100 mg/kg) or saline administration was initiated the day after birth and given daily for 10 or 14 consecutive days. We determined choline's effects on neurite outgrowth of sex-specific cultured cerebellar granule cells after HI with and without choline...
November 12, 2022: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36405788/quantitative-properties-of-the-creation-and-activation-of-a-cell-intrinsic-duration-encoding-engram
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charles Randy Gallistel, Fredrik Johansson, Dan-Anders Jirenhed, Anders Rasmussen, Matthew Ricci, Germund Hesslow
The engram encoding the interval between the conditional stimulus (CS) and the unconditional stimulus (US) in eyeblink conditioning resides within a small population of cerebellar Purkinje cells. CSs activate this engram to produce a pause in the spontaneous firing rate of the cell, which times the CS-conditional blink. We developed a Bayesian algorithm that finds pause onsets and offsets in the records from individual CS-alone trials. We find that the pause consists of a single unusually long interspike interval...
2022: Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36352508/pre-ataxic-loss-of-intrinsic-plasticity-and-motor-learning-in-a-mouse-model-of-sca1
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catarina Osório, Joshua J White, Heiling Lu, Gerrit C Beekhof, Francesca Romana Fiocchi, Charlotte A Andriessen, Stephanie Dijkhuizen, Laura Post, Martijn Schonewille
Spinocerebellar ataxias are neurodegenerative diseases the hallmark symptom of which is the development of ataxia due to cerebellar dysfunction. Purkinje cells (PCs), the principal neurons of the cerebellar cortex, are the main cells affected in these disorders but the sequence of pathological events leading to their dysfunction is poorly understood. Understanding the origins of PC dysfunction before it manifests is imperative to interpret the functional and behavioural consequences of cerebellar-related disorders, providing an optimal timeline for therapeutic interventions...
November 10, 2022: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36351971/cerebellum-dependent-associative-learning-is-not-impaired-in-a-mouse-model-of-neurofibromatosis-type-1
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M J Ottenhoff, S Dijkhuizen, A C H Ypelaar, N L de Oude, S K E Koekkoek, S S-H Wang, C I De Zeeuw, Y Elgersma, H J Boele
Individuals with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) experience a high degree of motor problems. The cerebellum plays a pivotal role in motor functioning and the NF1 gene is highly expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells. However, it is not well understood to what extent NF1 affects cerebellar functioning and how this relates to NF1 motor functioning. Therefore, we subjected global Nf1+/- mice to a cerebellum-dependent associative learning task, called Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning. Additionally, we assessed general motor function and muscle strength in Nf1+/- mice...
November 9, 2022: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36324646/sensory-over-responsivity-and-aberrant-plasticity-in-cerebellar-cortex-in-a-mouse-model-of-syndromic-autism
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dana H Simmons, Silas E Busch, Heather K Titley, Giorgio Grasselli, Justine Shih, Xiaofei Du, Cenfu Wei, Christopher M Gomez, Claire Piochon, Christian Hansel
Background: Patients with autism spectrum disorder often show altered responses to sensory stimuli as well as motor deficits, including an impairment of delay eyeblink conditioning, which involves integration of sensory signals in the cerebellum. Here, we identify abnormalities in parallel fiber (PF) and climbing fiber (CF) signaling in the mouse cerebellar cortex that may contribute to these pathologies. Methods: We used a mouse model for the human 15q11-13 duplication (patDp/+) and studied responses to sensory stimuli in Purkinje cells from awake mice using two-photon imaging of GCaMP6f signals...
October 2022: Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci
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