keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498724/climate-change-is-poised-to-alter-mountain-stream-ecosystem-processes-via-organismal-phenological-shifts
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyle Leathers, David Herbst, Guillermo de Mendoza, Gabriella Doerschlag, Albert Ruhi
Climate change is affecting the phenology of organisms and ecosystem processes across a wide range of environments. However, the links between organismal and ecosystem process change in complex communities remain uncertain. In snow-dominated watersheds, snowmelt in the spring and early summer, followed by a long low-flow period, characterizes the natural flow regime of streams and rivers. Here, we examined how earlier snowmelt will alter the phenology of mountain stream organisms and ecosystem processes via an outdoor mesocosm experiment in stream channels in the Eastern Sierra Nevada, California...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498495/spatial-variation-in-responses-of-plant-spring-phenology-to-climate-warming-in-grasslands-of-inner-mongolia-drivers-and-application
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guang Lu, Mengchao Fang, Shuping Zhang
Plant spring phenology in grasslands distributed in the Northern Hemisphere is highly responsive to climate warming. The growth of plants is intricately influenced by not only air temperature but also precipitation and soil factors, both of which exhibit spatial variation. Given the critical impact of the plant growth season on the livelihood of husbandry communities in grasslands, it becomes imperative to comprehend regional-scale spatial variation in the response of plant spring phenology to climate warming and the effects of precipitation and soil factors on such variation...
February 14, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497672/preheating-and-snow-plow-composite-application-technique-affect-double-bond-conversion-but-not-bond-strength-to-dentine
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vesna Miletic, Vojislav Komlenic, Danica Bajuk-Bogdanović, Jovana Stasic, Violeta Petrovic, Tatjana Savic-Stankovic
OBJECTIVE: To measure degree of conversion (DC) of a flowable composite, microtensile bond strength (MTBS) to dentine in the snow-plow technique with/without preheating and temperature in the preheated composite. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For DC, snow-plow specimens of Filtek Ultimate Flowable (Flow) and Filtek Bulk Fill (Bulk) (3M) were prepared by light-curing composites simultaneously in standardized molds while in control groups light-curing was separate. DC of Flow was measured using micro-Raman spectroscopy...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496362/disorienting-or-transforming-using-the-arts-and-humanities-to-foster-social-advocacy
#24
REVIEW
Snow Wangding, Lorelei Lingard, Paul Haidet, Benjamin Vipler, Javeed Sukhera, Tracy Moniz
INTRODUCTION: The arts and humanities (AH) have transformative potential in medical education. Research suggests that AH-based pedagogies may facilitate both personal and professional transformation in medical learners, which may then further enhance the teaching and learning of social advocacy skills. However, the potential for such curricula to advance social advocacy training remains under-explored. Therefore, we sought to identify how AH may facilitate transformative learning of social advocacy in medical education...
2024: Perspectives on Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492601/the-impact-of-global-climate-changes-on-trace-and-rare-earth-elements-mobilization-in-emerging-periglacial-terrains-insights-from-western-shore-of-admiralty-bay-king-george-island-antarctic
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrzej R Reindl, Lidia Wolska, Agnieszka I Piotrowicz-Cieślak, Dominika Saniewska, Jerzy Bołałek, Michał Saniewski
In the rapidly changing climate, the biogeochemical behaviours of trace elements and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in emerging periglacial environments assumes profound importance. This study provides pivotal insights into this dynamic by investigating the Antarctic's response to global climate change. The bedrock of King George Island is rich in REEs, with the presence of trace metals (TEs), with the highest concentrations of metals found in ornithogenic soil (∑REE 84.01-85.53 mg∙kg-1 dry weight)...
March 14, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492421/the-effect-of-freeze-thaw-action-on-the-dynamic-change-of-supra-permafrost-water-sources-a-stable-isotope-perspective
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Gui, Zongxing Li, Jian Xue, Fa Du, Qiao Cui
Due to the continuous degradation (gradual thawing) of permafrost, supra-permafrost water has become an important component of runoff that occurs in cold regions. However, current research has only focused on the amount of water provided by permafrost, and little has been reported regarding the source and formation mechanisms of supra-permafrost water. Due to the difficulty of observation and sampling in cold regions and insufficient data accumulation, model simulations face various difficulties in regard to solving problems related to hydrological processes...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491269/cost-effectiveness-of-20-valent-pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccine-among-us-children-with-underlying-medical-conditions
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark H Rozenbaum, Erica Chilson, Raymond Farkouh, Liping Huang, Alejandro Cane, Adriano Arguedas, Maria J Tort, Vincenza Snow, Ahuva Averin, Derek Weycker, Dhwani Hariharan, Mark Atwood
INTRODUCTION: A 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) was recently recommended for use among US children. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCV20 among children aged 6 years with chronic medical conditions (CMC+) and children aged 6 years with immunocompromising conditions (IC) versus one and two doses of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), respectively. METHODS: A probabilistic model was employed to depict 10-year risk of clinical outcomes and economic costs of pneumococcal disease, reduction in life years from premature death, and expected impact of vaccination among one cohort of children with CMC+ and IC aged 6 years...
March 16, 2024: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491030/imprint-of-urbanization-on-snow-precipitation-over-the-continental-usa
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaustubh Anil Salvi, Mukesh Kumar
Urbanization can alter the local climate through modifications in land-atmosphere feedback. However, a continental scale evaluation of its influence on precipitation phase remains unknown. Here, we assess the difference in the likelihood of snow dominated events (SDEs) over 7,415 urban and surrounding non-urban (buffer) regions across the continental United States. Among 4,856 urban-buffer pairs that received at least five SDEs per year, 81% of urban regions are characterized by a smaller snow probability, 99% by a lower frequency of SDEs, and 57% by faster declining trends in SDEs compared to their buffer counterparts...
March 15, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490409/response-of-alpine-ground-temperatures-to-a-rising-atmospheric-0%C3%A2-%C3%A2-c-isotherm-in-the-period-1955-2021
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Kenner, Jeannette Noetzli, Mohsen Bazargan, Simon C Scherrer
Ground temperatures in alpine terrain vary considerably over short distances, particularly due to differences in elevation and incoming short-wave radiation but also snow and surface conditions. To allow for direct cross-site, interregional, and cross-disciplinary comparisons, we introduce a parameter called the potential 0 °C isotherm (PZDI) in the ground. This parameter represents an aspect- and elevation independent geo-projection of ground temperatures. It was calculated for several ground temperature datasets from the (sub-)permafrost zone in the European Alps...
March 13, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490001/a-ticket-to-where-dwindling-snow-cover-impacts-the-winter-tourism-sector-as-a-consequence-of-climate-change
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Walter Leal Filho, Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis, Gustavo J Nagy, Umberto Fracassi, Yusuf A Aina
Climate change affects human activities, including tourism across various sectors and time frames. The winter tourism industry, dependent on low temperatures, faces significant impacts. This paper reviews the implications of climate change on winter tourism, emphasising challenges for activities like skiing and snowboarding, which rely on consistent snowfall and low temperatures. As the climate changes, these once taken-for-granted conditions are no longer as commonplace. Through a comprehensive review supported by up-to-date satellite imagery, this paper presents evidence suggesting that the reliability of winter snow is decreasing, with findings revealing a progressive reduction in snow levels associated with temperature and precipitation changes in some regions...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482894/global-status-of-chiropractic-education-research-a-scoping-review-protocol
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire D Johnson, Bart N Green, Ilija Arar, Weston Holzinger, Carolina Kolberg, Sharné Naidoo, Gregory J Snow, Yi Kai Wong
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review is to map the volume and nature (topics, study designs, regions) of chiropractic education research relating to chiropractic learners and programs worldwide. INTRODUCTION: Education of the health workforce is critical to reach population health goals. Chiropractic educational programs are expanding globally; however, the state of chiropractic education research is not known. A better understanding of the volume and nature of chiropractic education research will inform education research priorities and development of chiropractic programs, and assist with preparing a stronger chiropractic workforce to address world health goals...
March 1, 2024: JBI evidence synthesis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482652/the-world-through-my-eyes-a-photovoice-project-with-youth-experiencing-homelessness
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nyssa L Snow-Hill, Nakisa Asefnia, Daniel M Caldwell, Julie Ann Avin, Bret Kloos
Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) are infrequently included in the development, organization, and provision of homelessness-related services. This lack of youth voice and services tailored for their expressed needs can lead to underutilization of services, dissatisfaction, and poor outcomes. Photovoice, a participatory research method, has been used to empower persons from marginalized populations and to provide a platform for them to share their voices. This photovoice project partnered with six YEH (18-20 years old)...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481759/freshwater-salinization-and-the-evolved-tolerance-of-amphibians
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rick Relyea, Brian Mattes, Candace Schermerhorn, Isaac Shepard
The increasing salinization of freshwaters is a growing environmental issue as a result of mining, agriculture, climate change, and the application of de-icing salts in regions that experience ice and snow. Due to narrow osmotic limits, many freshwater species are particularly susceptible to salinization, but it is possible that repeated exposures over time could favor the evolution of increased salt tolerance. Using collected nine populations of larval wood frogs ( Rana sylvatica ) as eggs from ponds and wetlands with close proximity to roads and spanning a wide gradient of salt concentrations...
March 2024: Ecology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478484/global-reduction-of-snow-cover-in-ski-areas-under-climate-change
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Veronika Mitterwallner, Manuel Steinbauer, Gregor Mathes, Anna Walentowitz
Ongoing climate change substantially alters snowfall patterns with severe but diverging consequences for global ski areas. A global assessment as well as the investigation of potential implications for mountain ecosystems is currently lacking. We quantify future trends in natural snow cover days under different climate change scenarios until 2100 in seven major global skiing regions and discuss implications for mountainous biodiversity by analysing how natural snow cover days relate to regional human population density...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478046/ice-cage-new-records-and-cryptic-isolated-lineages-in-wingless-snow-flies-diptera-limoniidae-chionea-spp-in-german-lower-mountain-ranges
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Klesser, Theo Blick, Michael-Andreas Fritze, Andreas Marten, Michael Hemauer, Laura Kastner, Hubert Höfer, Gero Jäger, Martin Husemann
In Earth's history warm and cold periods have alternated. Especially, during the Pleistocene, the alternation between these different climatic conditions has led to frequent range expansions and retractions of many species: while thermophilic species dispersed during warm periods, cold adapted species retracted to cold refugia and vice versa. After the last Pleistocene cycle many cold adapted taxa found refuges in relict habitats in mountain ranges. One example for such a cold adapted relict is the flightless snow fly Chionea araneoides (Dalman, 1816)...
March 13, 2024: Die Naturwissenschaften
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476705/interactive-effects-of-agricultural-landscape-heterogeneity-and-weather-conditions-on-breeding-density-and-reproductive-success-of-a-diurnal-raptor
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inga Kujala, Hannu Pöysä, Erkki Korpimäki
Agricultural intensification and climate change are serious threats toward animal populations worldwide. Agricultural intensification reduces the heterogeneity of agricultural habitats by diminishing crop variation and destroying microhabitats, such as small woody features, whereas the effects of climate change range from the growing frequency of weather extremes to disrupted prey-predator dynamics. We collected long-term ringing data from a population of Eurasian kestrels ( Falco tinnunculus ) located amidst agricultural areas in western Finland during 1985-2021, which we combined with density indices of their main prey species (voles), spatial data consisting of land cover classification of kestrel territories, and weather data, to study the effects of different environmental drivers on breeding density and success...
March 2024: Ecology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476703/delay-in-ad%C3%A3-lie-penguin-nest-occupation-restricts-parental-investment-in-nest-construction-and-reduces-reproductive-output
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madi J McLatchie, Louise Emmerson, Simon Wotherspoon, Colin Southwell
Reproductive success is an important demographic parameter that can be driven by environmental and behavioural factors operating on various spatio-temporal scales. As seabirds breed on land and forage in the ocean, processes occurring in both environments can influence their reproductive success. At various locations around East Antarctica, Adélie penguins' ( Pygoscelis adeliae ) reproductive success has been negatively linked to extensive sea-ice. In contrast, our study site in the Windmill Islands has limited fast ice present during the breeding season, allowing us to examine drivers of reproductive success under vastly different marine environmental conditions...
March 2024: Ecology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475096/performance-of-the-thies-clima-3d-stereo-disdrometer-evaluation-during-rain-and-snow-events
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabina Angeloni, Elisa Adirosi, Alessandro Bracci, Mario Montopoli, Luca Baldini
Imaging disdrometers are widely used in field campaigns to provide information on the shape of hydrometeors, together with the diameter and the fall velocity, which can be used to derive information on the shape-size relations of hydrometeors. However, due to their higher price compared to laser disdrometers, their use is limited to scientific research purposes. The 3D stereo (3DS) is a commercial imaging disdrometer recently made available by Thies Clima and on which there are currently no scientific studies in the literature...
February 28, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474946/comparative-analysis-of-the-diagonal-stride-technique-during-roller-skiing-and-on-snow-skiing-in-youth-cross-country-skiers
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mujia Ma, Shuang Zhao, Ting Long, Qingquan Song, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Hui Liu
Roller skiing is one primary form of training method as it is an off-snow equivalent to cross-country (XC) skiing during the dry land preseason training, but the results could only be applied to on-snow skiing with appropriate caution. The aim of this present study was to investigate the similarities and differences in roller skiing and on-snow skiing with the diagonal stride (DS) technique. Six youth (age: 14.3 ± 2.9 years) skiers participated in this study. Two high-definition video camcorders and FastMove 3D Motion 2...
February 22, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470612/participatory-community-action-research-in-homeless-shelters-outcomes-for-shelter-residents-and-service-learning-research-assistants
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roger N Reeb, Greg Elvers, Charles A Hunt, Tia N Turner, Thomas N Ballas, Christine N Farmer, Katey Gibbins, Zachary S Glendening, Rebecca Kinsey, Bernadette D Latuch, Chelsey N Parker, Nyssa L Snow-Hill, Jennifer L Zicka, David Bohardt, Robert Andrews
The article reports empirical outcomes of an ongoing transdisciplinary participatory community action research project that implements behavioral activation in homeless shelters. The overall goal of this Project is twofold: (1) to improve psychosocial functioning of shelter residents and enhance their opportunities to overcome homelessness; and (2) to enhance civic development of service-learning students who assist in Project implementation. Two studies are reported, representing these goals. Study 1 found that residents of a men's shelter (n = 892), women's shelter (n = 433), and transitional housing (n = 40) perceived behavioral activation sessions as immediately beneficial (i...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community
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