Community discharge

Peer mentorship shows promise as a strategy to support veteran mental health. A community-academic partnership involving a veteran-led nonprofit organization and institutions of higher education evaluated a collaboratively developed peer mentor intervention. We assessed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), postdeployment experiences, social functioning, and psychological strengths at baseline, midpoint, and 12-week discharge using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory-2, Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale, and Values in Action Survey...

INTRODUCTION: Diarrheal diseases are significant causes of under-five children mortality and morbidity in developing countries. This is particularly alarming among the community living in conflict zones where less attention is given for basic services including water, food, and health. However, there are no detailed investigations on acute diarrhea among under-five children in conflict-affected areas, which impedes intervention approaches. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in conflict-affected setting of Raya Kobo, Northeast Ethiopia...

BACKGROUND: The transition from hospital to outpatient care is a particularly vulnerable period for patients as they move from regular health monitoring to self-management. This study aimed to map and investigate the journey of patients with polymorbidities, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), in the 2 months following hospital discharge and examine patients' encounters with healthcare professionals (HCPs). METHODS: Patients discharged with T2D and at least two other comorbidities were recruited during hospitalization...

Discharge of gas-rich brines fuels productive chemosynthetic ecosystems in the deep sea. In these salty, methanic and sulfidic brines, microbial communities adapt to specific niches along the physicochemical gradients. However, the molecular mechanisms that underpin these adaptations are not fully known. Using metagenomics, we investigated the dense (∼106  cell ml-1 ) microbial communities that occupy small deep-sea brine pools found in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea (1150 m water depth, ∼22 °C, ∼60 PSU salinity, sulfide, methane, ammonia reaching millimolar levels, and oxygen usually depleted), reaching high productivity rates of 685 μg C L-1 d-1 ex-situ...

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of mothers may increase the risk of complications and adverse birth outcomes among newborn infants born more than 37 weeks' gestation. PURPOSE: The aim of this scoping review is to identify the research gaps in the literature on SARS-CoV-2 positive newborn infants born at more than 37 weeks' gestation in United States (U.S.). DATA SOURCES: A search for relevant articles was conducted using multiple resources including three databases CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science...

BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest under-five mortality rate globally. Child healthcare decisions should be based on rigorously developed evidence-informed guidelines. The Global Evidence, Local Adaptation (GELA) project is enhancing capacity to use global research to develop locally relevant guidelines for newborn and child health in South Africa (SA), Malawi, and Nigeria. The first step in this process was to identify national priorities for newborn and child health guideline development, and this paper describes our approach...

BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, with presentations to emergency departments (EDs) increasing across Australia. Understanding the features of those presenting with anaphylaxis and aspects related to its optimal clinical management across the admission, treatment and discharge settings is needed to minimise its impact. We aimed to evaluate the nature and management of presentations related to anaphylaxis across two Australian EDs. METHODS: Retrospective audit of paediatric and adult patients presenting to a community or tertiary level ED with anaphylaxis from 1 May 2018 to 30 April 2019...

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a causative virus for the common cold worldwide and can result in hospitalisations and even death in patients with high-risk conditions and older adults. However, the relationship between RSV or other incidental respiratory infections and acute exacerbations of underlying conditions has not been well investigated. The primary objective of this study is to estimate RSV prevalence, risk factors for adverse outcomes or hospitalisation and their effect on the hospital course of patients with acute respiratory symptoms admitted from emergency departments...

As the population ages and supportive services are increasingly delivered in home- and community-based settings, greater demands are placed on family caregivers. This essay introducing the special issue of the Journal of Aging and Social Policy discusses signs of progress on policies to ease the burden on family caregivers. It introduces a series of articles that reflect the growing body of research on caregiver-related policy actions. These actions range from expanding access to paid family leave and payment for providing care, to ensuring access to better data about family caregivers and improving the post- hospital discharge experiences of rural and underserved caregivers...

BACKGROUND: 1.8 million Veterans are estimated to need legal services, such as for housing eviction prevention, discharge upgrades, and state and federal Veterans benefits. While having one's legal needs met is known to improve one's health and its social determinants, many Veterans' legal needs remain unmet. Public Law 116-315 enacted in 2021 authorizes VA to fund legal services for Veterans (LSV) by awarding grants to legal service providers including nonprofit organizations and law schools' legal assistance programs...

INTRODUCTION: Given the growing emphasis on patient outcomes, including postoperative complications, in total joint arthroplasty (TJA), investigating the rise of outpatient arthroplasty is warranted. Concerns exist over the safety of discharging patients home on the same day due to increased readmission and complication rates. However, psychological benefits and lower costs provide an incentive for outpatient arthroplasty. The influence of social determinants of health disparities on outpatient arthroplasty remains unexplored...

BACKGROUND: Anti-synthetase syndrome (AS) is a rare autoimmune idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) with diverse manifestations, including arthritis, interstitial lung disease (ILD), Raynaud's phenomenon, unexplained persistent fever, and mechanic's hands. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 72-year-old woman, previously healthy, who was admitted to our hospital for treatment of cough and rapid breathing. The patient had elevated white blood cells and C-reactive protein, and tested negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2)...

BACKGROUND: comprehensive medication management (CMM) can reduce medication-related risks of falling. However, knowledge about inter-individual treatment effects and patient-related barriers remains scarce. OBJECTIVE: to gain in-depth insights into how geriatric patients who have fallen view their medication-related risks of falling and to identify effects and barriers of a CMM in preventing falls. DESIGN: complementary mixed-methods pre-post study, based on an embedded quasi-experimental model...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Time to clinical stability (TCS) is a commonly used outcome in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), yet few studies have evaluated TCS in children. Our objective was to determine the association between TCS and disease severity in children with suspected CAP, as well as factors associated with reaching early stability. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study of children (aged 3 months to 18 years) hospitalized with suspected CAP...

INTRODUCTION: Poor outcomes following the transition from hospital back to community living are common, especially for older adults with complex health and social care needs. Some health care systems now have multiple interprofessional teams (in hospital and community) to support care transitions. These teams will need to be well coordinated to improve care transition outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review to identify and map peer-reviewed literature on how interprofessional teams are working together to support older adults transitioning from hospital back to the community...

INTRODUCTION: Socioeconomic status (SES) has been demonstrated to be an important prognostic risk factor among patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty. We evaluated patients living near neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic risk undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and if they were associated with differences in: 1) medical complications; 2) emergency department (ED) utilizations; 3) readmissions; and 4) costs of care. METHODS: A query of a national database from 2010 to 2020 was performed for primary TKAs...

Glacier surges, a primary factor contributing to various glacial hazards, has long captivated the attention of the global glaciological community. This study delves into the dynamics of Kyagar Glacier surging and the associated drainage features of its Ice-dammed lake, employing high temporal resolution optical imagery. Our findings indicate that the surge on Kyagar Glacier began in late spring and early summer of 2014 and concluded during the summer of 2016. This surge resulted in the transfer of 0.321 ± 0...

INTRODUCTION: The heterogeneity in health and functional ability among older patients makes the management of cancer a unique challenge. The Geriatric Oncology Program at the University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center (BWMC) was created to optimize cancer management for older patients. This study aimed to assess the benefits of the implementation of such a program at a community-based academic cancer center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed patients aged ≥80 years presenting to the Geriatric Oncology Program between 2017 and 2022...

BACKGROUND: Federal legislation mandates healthcare providers to notify child protective service (CPS) agencies and offer a voluntary care plan called a "plan of safe care" (POSC) for all infants born affected by prenatal substance use. While POSCs aim to provide supportive services for families impacted by substance use, little is known about birth parents' perceptions and experiences. OBJECTIVE: To examine birth parents' perceptions and experiences regarding POSC...

Despite curative treatment and discharge from acute hospital settings, breast cancer patients often have cancer- and treatment-related morbidity which impairs them from returning to work. Hence, the role of community-based return to work rehabilitation programs is important to help these patients transition back to work. This was a retrospective cohort study involving patients with breast cancer conducted at a community-based cancer rehabilitation center. Patients were involved in an interdisciplinary vocational rehabilitation program involving physiatrists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists and social workers...