tem-1

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of horizontal transmission of the blaCTX-M-65 gene and the role of its associated mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the bovine-derived Escherichia coli. After PCR identification, two plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-65 were successfully transferred to the recipient E. coli J53 Azr through conjugation assays and subsequently selected for Whole-Genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. The resistance profiles of these two positive strains and their transconjugants were also determined through antimicrobial susceptibility tests...

NK-lysins from chicken, bovine and human are used as antiviral and antibacterial agents. Gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, including Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium , are susceptible to NK-lysin treatment. The presence of dominant TEM-1 gene was noted in all untreated and treated bacteria, while TOHO-1 gene was absent in all bacteria. Importantly, β-lactamase genes CTX-M-1, CTX-M-8, and CTX-M-9 genes were detected in untreated bacterial strains; however, none of these were found in any bacterial strains following treatment with NK-lysin peptides...

In this study, we investigated specific and characteristic findings of the surface layer of surgical resected disc specimens in human temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis cases by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Specimens were surgically removed from the TMJ of 5 cases (4 female patients: 5 cases) clinically osteoarthritis. Following findings were observed by TEM. Images were photographed on a JEM1400-Flash Electron microscope (JEOL, Japan) equipped with an EM-14661FLASH high-sensitivity digital complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor camera...

The Enterobacteriaceae family exhibits resistance to antibiotics by producing β-Lactamase. Mutations in β-Lactamase, have led to the generation of inhibitor resistant variants known as IR-TEM. In the present study, IR-TEM β-Lactamase of Enterobacter hormaechei and Enterobacter asburiae was compared. To investigate the mechanism behind the conferred mutation, we studied its interaction with Clavulanic acid, (β-Lactamase inhibitor) with different lineages of TEM and IR-TEM. We found that Clavulanic acid quickly left the binding pockets of both variants using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations...

Targeting dysregulated protease expression and/or abnormal substrate proteolysis, highly selective inhibition of pathogenic proteases by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) presents an attractive therapeutic approach for the treatment of diseases including cancer. Herein, we report a functional selection method for protease inhibitory mAbs by periplasmic co-expression of three recombinant proteins-a protease of interest, an antibody Fab library, and a modified β-lactamase TEM-1. We validate this approach by isolation of highly selective and potent mAbs inhibiting human matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)...

INTRODUCTION: The rise in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in dairy cattle farms poses a risk to human health as they can spread to humans through the food chain, including raw milk. This study was designed to determine the status, antimicrobial resistance, and pathogenic potential of ESBL-producing - E. coli and - Klebsiella spp. isolates from bulk tank milk (BTM). METHODS: Thirty-three BTM samples were collected from 17 dairy farms and screened for ESBL- E...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic pathogen, is related to hospital-acquired infections and increased mortality. This study aimed to develop the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test for the fast-detecting of A. baumannii isolates as well as determining genetic relatedness for these isolates via the REP-PCR technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: LAMP primers and multiplex PCR primers were designed for recognizing A. baumannii isolates harboring the bla SHV-1 , bla PER-1 , bla TEM-1 , AMPC, qnr , and aac (6)-1 genes, were collected (October 2020 to February 2021) from Shahid Motahari Hospital, Tehran, Iran...

Among the bacterial secretion systems, the Type III, IV, and VI secretion systems enable bacteria to secrete proteins directly into a target cell. This specific form of secretion, referred to as "translocation", is essential for a number of pathogens to alter and/or kill the targeted cell. The translocated proteins, called effector proteins, can directly interfere with the normal processes of the targeted cell, preventing elimination of the pathogen and promoting its multiplication. The function of the effector proteins varies greatly depending on the considered pathogen and the targeted cell...

The detection rate of carbapenem-resistant nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is relatively low. However, carbapenem-sensitive and carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ( S. enterica serovar Typhimurium) were isolated from a clinical outpatient within a span of 10 days, named 1104-65 and 1104-75. We aimed to reveal the mechanism of carbapenem resistance in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates in this case. The resistance phenotype of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium was analyzed by the VITEK-2 Compact equipment and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method...

To investigate how disulfide bonds can impact protein energy landscapes, we surveyed the effects of adding or removing a disulfide in two β-lactamase enzymes, TEM-1 and CTX-M-9. The homologs share a structure and 38% sequence identity, but only TEM-1 contains a native disulfide bond. They also differ in thermodynamic stability and in the number of states populated at equilibrium: CTX-M-9 is two-state whereas TEM-1 has an additional intermediate state. We hypothesized the disulfide bond is the major underlying determinant for these observed differences in their energy landscapes...

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are one of the most serious threats to public health, and one of the most important types of MDR bacteria are those that are acquired in a hospital, known as nosocomial. This study aimed to isolate and identify MDR bacteria from selected hospitals in Jeddah and analyze their antibiotic-resistant genes. Bacteria were collected from different sources and wards of hospitals in Jeddah City. Phoenix BD was used to identify the strains and perform susceptibility testing. Identification of selected isolates showing MDR to more than three classes on antibiotics was based on 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequencing...

Nosocomial outbreaks of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) are often reported worldwide, mostly associated with a small number of multilocus-sequence types of E. hormaechei and E. cloacae strains. In Europe, the largest clonal outbreak of bla NDM-1 -producing ECC has been recently reported, involving an ST182 E. hormaechei strain in a Greek teaching hospital. In the current study, we aimed to further investigate the genetic make-up of two representative outbreak isolates. Comparative genomics of whole genome sequences (WGS) was performed, including whole genome-based taxonomic analysis and in silico prediction of virulence determinants of the bacterial cell surface, plasmids, antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors present on genomic islands...

β-lactamases grant resistance to bacteria against β-lactam antibiotics. The active center of TEM-1 β-lactamase accommodates a Ser-Xaa-Xaa-Lys motif. TEM-1 β-lactamase is not a metalloenzyme but it possesses several putative metal ion binding sites. The sites composed of His residue pairs chelate borderline transition metal ions such as Ni(II). In addition, there are many sulfur-containing donor groups that can coordinate soft metal ions such as Hg(II). Cd(II) may bind to both types of the above listed donor groups...

BACKGROUND: Despite recent advances in wound healing products, phytochemicals have been considered promising and attractive alternatives. Carvacrol (CAR), a natural phenolic compound, has been reported to be effective in wound healing. PURPOSE: This work endeavored to develop novel CAR-loaded phytosomes for the enhancement of the wound healing process. METHODS: Molecular docking was performed to compare the affinities of the different types of phospholipids to CAR...

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is a common pathogen in bloodstream infections (BSI), and the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is its main mechanism of resistance. However, the impact of different ESBL genotypes of E. coli on the resistance to Cefepime (FEP) remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 2356 cases of BSI patients were collected. The experimental group included 188 ESBL-positive E. coli strains that were resistant to FEP but sensitive to ceftazidime (CAZ)...

Globally, antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella spp. cause healthcare-associated infections with high mortality rates, and the rise of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hv Kp ) poses a significant threat to human health linked to community-acquired infections and increasing non-susceptibility. We investigated the phenotypic and genetic features of 36 Klebsiella isolates recovered from invasive infections at Hospital Central of Maputo in Mozambique during one year. The majority of the isolates displayed multidrug resistance (MDR) (29/36) to cephalosporins, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole but retained susceptibility to amikacin, carbapenems, and colistin...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a potent human and aquatic pathogen, is usually found in estuaries and oceans. Human illness is associated with consuming uncooked/partially cooked contaminated seafood. The study on bivalve-associated V. parahaemolyticus revealed that the post-monsoon season had the highest bacterial abundance (9 ± 1.5 log cfu) compared to the monsoon season (8.03 ± 0.56 log cfu). Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiling was performed on 114 V. parahaemolyticus isolates obtained from bivalves...

OBJECTIVE: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CRECO), leading to few antibacterial drugs available for CRECO infection. In this study, we report three carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) isolates coproducing bla NDM and mcr-1 from patients with recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI). Carbapenem-resistant E. coli strains, E55, E84, and E85, were isolated from the urine sample of RUTI patients. METHODS: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was conducted with VITEK-2 compact system and Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion method...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The incidence of OXA-232-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has been on the rise in China over the past five years, potentially leading to nosocomial epidemics. This study investigates the first outbreak of CRKP in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University. METHODS: Between February 2021 and March 2022, 21 clinical isolates of OXA-232-producing CRKP were recovered from 16 patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University...

A multidrug-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae ( Kp ) sequence type (ST) 1788, an otherwise uncommon ST worldwide, was isolated from 65 patients at 11 hospitals and 11 general practices across South and West Wales, UK, between February 2019 and November 2021. A collection of 97 Kp ST1788 isolates (including 94 from Wales) was analysed to investigate the diversity and spread across Wales and to identify molecular marker(s) to aid development of a strain-specific real-time PCR. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed with Illumina technology and the data were used to perform phylogenetic analyses...