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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shaina Sedighim, Brynn Sargent, Areg Grigorian, Christina Grabar, Anvesh R Macherla, Michael Oh, Yu-Po Lee, John Scolaro, Jefferson Chen, Jeffry Nahmias
INTRODUCTION: Both Orthopedic Surgery (OS) and Neurosurgery (NS) perform spine surgery in the setting of trauma. However, it is unknown whether outcomes differ between these specialties. This study compares management and outcomes for vertebral fractures between NS and OS, hypothesizing similar operation rate, length of stay (LOS), and readmission. RESEARCH QUESTION: Do outcomes differ between NS and OS in the management of vertebral fractures following trauma? METHODS: A retrospective single-center study was conducted on adult patients with cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral fractures treated at a single trauma center, where no standardized pathway exists across NS and OS...
2024: Brain Spine
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tao Liu, Jian-Ping Liu
BACKGROUND: Melanoma central nervous system (CNS) metastasis remains a leading cause of patient mortality, and the underlying pathological mechanism has not been fully elucidated, leading to a lack of effective therapeutic strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we conducted an integrated analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data related to melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) and leptomeningeal metastasis (LMM). We focused on differences of subset composition and molecular expression of monocytes in blood, primary tumor, brain metastases, and leptomeningeal metastases...
April 2024: Skin Research and Technology
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorena Garcia, Christian de Virgilio, Jeffry Nahmias, Jessica A Keeley, Areg Grigorian
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic created difficulties in access to care. There was also increased penetrating trauma in adults, which has been attributed to factors including increased firearm sales and social isolation. However, less is known about the relationship between the pandemic and pediatric trauma patients (PTPs). This study aimed to investigate the national incidence of penetrating trauma in PTPs, hypothesizing a higher rate with onset of the pandemic. We additionally hypothesized increased risk of complications and death in penetrating PTPs after the pandemic versus prepandemic...
April 13, 2024: Journal of Surgical Research
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick M Chen, Sean Lee, Lillian D Cruz, Michael Lopez, Aaron Thomas, Jefferson W Chen, Areg Grigorian, Jeffry Nahmias, Michael Lekawa
BACKGROUND: There lacks rapid standardized bedside testing to screen cognitive deficits following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment & Cognitive Testing-Quick Test (ImPACT-QT) is an abbreviated-iPad form of computerized cognitive testing. The aim of this study is to test ImPACT-QT utility in inpatient settings. We hypothesize ImPACT-QT is feasible in the acute trauma setting. METHOD: Trauma patients ages 12-70 were administered ImPACT-QT (09/2022-09/2023)...
April 9, 2024: American Surgeon
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Avneet Bhullar, Jonathan Shipley, Leonardo Alaniz, Areg Grigorian, Sigrid Burruss, Lourdes Swentek, Catherine Kuza, Jeffry Nahmias
BACKGROUND: In January of 2019, Washington State (WA) passed Initiative 1639 making it illegal for persons <21 years-old to buy assault weapons (AWs). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of WA-1639 on firearm-related incidents involving AWs by those <21 years-old in WA, hypothesizing a decrease in incidents after WA-1639. METHODS: Retrospective (2016-2021) data on firearm violence (FV) events were gathered from the Gun Violence Archive. The rate of FV was weighted per 100,000 people...
April 5, 2024: American Surgeon
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice M Martino, Jeffrey Santos, Andreina Giron, John Schomberg, Laura F Goodman, Jeffry Nahmias, Danh V Nguyen, Areg Grigorian, Joffre Olaya, Peter Yu, Yigit S Guner
INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients and care is highly variable. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) summarizes the mortality rate of a specific center relative to the expected rates across all centers, adjusted for case-mix. This study aimed to evaluate variations in SMRs among pediatric trauma centers for TBI. METHODS: Patients aged 1-18 diagnosed with TBI within the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) from 2017 to 2019 were included...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Pediatric Surgery
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selina Wachtendorf, Fitriasari Jonin, Aaron Ochel, Fabian Heinrich, Astrid M Westendorf, Gisa Tiegs, Katrin Neumann
INTRODUCTION: The alarmin IL-33 has been implicated in the pathology of immune-mediated liver diseases. IL-33 activates regulatory T cells (Tregs) and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) expressing the IL-33 receptor ST2. We have previously shown that endogenous IL-33/ST2 signaling activates ILC2s that aggravate liver injury in murine immune-mediated hepatitis. However, treatment of mice with exogenous IL-33 before induction of hepatitis ameliorated disease severity. Since IL-33 induces expression of amphiregulin (AREG) crucial for Treg function, we investigated the immunoregulatory role of the ST2+ Treg/AREG axis in immune-mediated hepatitis...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyrillos G Awad, Jeffry Nahmias, Negaar Aryan, Alexa N Lucas, Nicole Fierro, Navpreet K Dhillon, Eric J Ley, Jennifer Smith, Sigrid Burruss, Alden Dahan, Arianne Johnson, William Ganske, Walter L Biffl, Dunya Bayat, Matthew Castelo, Diane Wintz, Kathryn B Schaffer, Dennis J Zheng, Areti Tillou, Raul Coimbra, Rahul Tuli, Jarrett E Santorelli, Brent Emigh, Morgan Schellenberg, Kenji Inaba, Thomas K Duncan, Graal Diaz, Erika Tay-Lasso, Danielle C Zezoff, Areg Grigorian
Nearly 10% of pregnant women suffer traumatic injury. Clinical outcomes for pregnant trauma patients (PTPs) with severe injuries have not been well studied. We sought to describe outcomes for PTPs presenting with severe injuries, hypothesizing that PTPs with severe injuries will have higher rates of complications and mortality compared to less injured PTPs. A post-hoc analysis of a multi-institutional retrospective study at 12 Level-I/II trauma centers was performed. Patients were stratified into severely injured (injury severity score [ISS] > 15) and not severely injured (ISS < 15) and compared with bivariate analyses...
March 30, 2024: Updates in Surgery
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Negaar Aryan, Areg Grigorian, Erika Tay-Lasso, Michael Cripps, Heather Carmichael, Robert McIntyre, Shane Urban, Catherine Velopulos, Clay Cothren Burlew, Shana Ballow, Rachel C Dirks, Aimee LaRiccia, Michael S Farrell, Deborah M Stein, Michael S Truitt, Heather M Grossman Verner, Caleb J Mentzer, T J Mack, Chad G Ball, Kaushik Mukherjee, Georgi Mladenov, Daniel J Haase, Hossam Abdou, Thomas J Schroeppel, Jennifer Rodriquez, Miklosh Bala, Natasha Keric, Morgan Crigger, Navpreet K Dhillon, Eric J Ley, Tanya Egodage, John Williamson, Tatiana Cp Cardenas, Vadine Eugene, Kumash Patel, Kristen Costello, Stephanie Bonne, Fatima S Elgammal, Warren Dorlac, Claire Pederson, Nicole L Werner, James M Haan, Kelly Lightwine, Gregory Semon, Kristen Spoor, Laura A Harmon, Jason M Samuels, M C Spalding, Jeffry Nahmias
BACKGROUND: High-grade liver injuries with extravasation (HGLI + Extrav) are associated with morbidity/mortality. For low-grade injuries, an observation (OBS) first-strategy is beneficial over initial angiography (IR), however, it is unclear if OBS is safe for HGLI + Extrav. Therefore, we evaluated the management of HGLI + Extrav patients, hypothesizing IR patients will have decreased rates of operation and mortality...
March 26, 2024: American Journal of Surgery
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tong Kong, Yang Qu, Taowa Zhao, Zitong Niu, Xiuyi Lv, Yiting Wang, Qiaojiao Ding, Pengyao Wei, Jun Fu, Liang Wang, Jing Gao, Cheng Zhou, Suying Wang, Junhui Jiang, Jianping Zheng, Kaizhe Wang, Kerong Wu
BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is a very common urinary tract malignancy that has a high incidence and lethality. In this study, we identified BC biomarkers and described a new noninvasive detection method using serum and urine samples for the early detection of BC. METHODS: Serum and urine samples were retrospectively collected from patients with BC (n = 99) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 50), and the expression levels of 92 inflammation-related proteins were examined via the proximity extension analysis (PEA) technique...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Arifuzzaman, Tae Hyung Won, Hiroshi Yano, Jazib Uddin, Elizabeth R Emanuel, Elin Hu, Wen Zhang, Ting-Ting Li, Wen-Bing Jin, Alex Grier, Sanchita Kashyap, Chun-Jun Guo, Frank C Schroeder, David Artis
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) can promote host defense, chronic inflammation, or tissue protection and are regulated by cytokines and neuropeptides. However, their regulation by diet and microbiota-derived signals remains unclear. We show that an inulin fiber diet promotes Tph1-expressing inflammatory ILC2s (ILC2INFLAM) in the colon, which produce IL-5 but not tissue-protective amphiregulin (AREG), resulting in the accumulation of eosinophils. This exacerbates inflammation in a murine model of intestinal damage and inflammation in an ILC2- and eosinophil-dependent manner...
May 6, 2024: Journal of Experimental Medicine
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Su-Hyung Lee, Yoonkyung Won, David Gibbs, Brianna Caldwell, Anna Goldstein, Eunyoung Choi, James R Goldenring
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Isthmic progenitors, tissue-specific stem cells in the stomach corpus, maintain mucosal homeostasis by balancing between proliferation and differentiation to gastric epithelial lineages. The progenitor cells rapidly adopt an active state in response to mucosal injury. However, it remains unclear how the isthmic progenitor cell niche is controlled during the regeneration of damaged epithelium. METHODS: We recapitulated tissue recovery process after acute mucosal injury in the mouse stomach...
March 14, 2024: Gastroenterology
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paramita Baruah, Christopher Mahony, Jennifer L Marshall, Charlotte G Smith, Peter Monksfield, Richard I Irving, Ingrid E Dumitriu, Christopher D Buckley, Adam P Croft
BACKGROUND: Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) remain a challenge due to their anatomical location and propensity to growth. Macrophages are present in VS but their roles in VS pathogenesis remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to assess phenotypic and functional profile of macrophages in VS with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). METHODS: scRNAseq was carried out in three VS samples to examine characteristics of macrophages in the tumour...
March 13, 2024: British Journal of Cancer
#14
Holger Eltzschig, Wei Ruan, Tao Li, Jaewoong Lee, In Hyuk Bang, Wankun Deng, Xinxin Ma, Seung-Hee Yoo, Boyun Kim, Jiwen Li, Xiaoyi Yuan, Yu An, Yin-Ying Wang, Yafen Liang, Matthew Deberge, Dongze Zhang, Zhen Zhou, Yanyu Wang, Joshua Gorham, Jonathan Seidman, Christine Seidman, Sary Aranki, Ragini Nair, Lei Li, Jagat Narula, Zhongming Zhao, Alemayehu Gorfe, Jochen Muehlschlegel, Kuang-Lei Tsai
Acute myocardial infarction stands as a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide 1-6 . Clinical studies have demonstrated that the severity of cardiac injury following myocardial infarction exhibits a circadian pattern, with larger infarct sizes and poorer outcomes in patients experiencing morning onset myocardial infarctions 7-14 . However, the molecular mechanisms that govern circadian variations of myocardial injury remain unclear. Here, we show that BMAL1 14-20 , a core circadian transcription factor, orchestrates diurnal variability in myocardial injury...
February 28, 2024: Research Square
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuki Osakabe, Yoshinori Taniguchi, Kazu Hamada Ode, Yoshiko Shimamura, Satoshi Inotani, Hirofumi Nishikawa, Tatsuki Matsumoto, Taro Horino, Shimpei Fujimoto, Yoshio Terada
BACKGROUND: Amphiregulin (AREG) is a ligand of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which plays an important role in injury-induced kidney fibrosis. However, the clinical significance of serum soluble AREG in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear. In this study, we elucidated the clinical significance of serum soluble AREG in CKD by analyzing the association of serum soluble AREG levels with renal function and other clinical parameters in patients with CKD. METHODS: In total, 418 Japanese patients with CKD were enrolled, and serum samples were collected for the determination of soluble AREG and creatinine (Cr) levels, and other clinical parameters...
February 25, 2024: Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
#16
REVIEW
Michelle Nguyen, Phillip Ahn, John Dawi, Areg Gargaloyan, Anthony Kiriaki, Tiffany Shou, Kevin Wu, Kian Yazdan, Vishwanath Venketaraman
Tuberculosis (TB), a respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. The lung, a breeding ground for Mtb, was once thought to be a sterile environment, but has now been found to host its own profile of microbes. These microbes are critical in the development of the host immune system and can produce metabolites that aid in host defense against various pathogens. Mtb infection as well as antibiotics can shift the microbial profile, causing dysbiosis and dampening the host immune response...
January 24, 2024: Clinics and Practice
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sthephanie Yannin Hernández-de la Cruz, Thania Ordaz-Robles, Marco Antonio Villaldama-Soriano, Cristian Emmanuel Luna-Guzmán, Tomas Almeida-Becerril, Judith Villa-Morales, Alan Cárdenas-Conejo, Eugenia Dolores Ruíz-Cruz, Jorge Maldonado-Hernandez, Mariela Bernabe-Garcia, Lourdes Barbosa-Cortés, Maricela Rodríguez-Cruz
BACKGROUND: In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the immune system cells (ISC) synthesize molecules to regulate inflammation, a process needed to regenerate muscle. The relationship between those molecules and the muscle injury is unknown. Monocytes belonging to ISC are regulated by omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFAs) in DMD, but whether those fatty acids influence other ISC like T-cells is unknown. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the expression of the muscle regeneration markers (FOXP3 and AREG) in circulating leukocytes of DMD patients with different lower limb muscle functions and whether ω-3 LCPUFAs regulate the expression of those markers, and the populations of circulating T-cells, their intracellular cytokines, and disease progression (CD69 and CD49d) markers...
February 21, 2024: Brain & Development
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rongyi Ye, Zhiming Li, Hongyi Xian, Yizhou Zhong, Boxuan Liang, Yuji Huang, Da Chen, Mingzhu Dai, Shuqin Tang, Jie Guo, Ruobing Bai, Yu Feng, Zhenguo Chen, Xingfen Yang, Zhenlie Huang
BACKGROUND: Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) and homosalate (HMS) are ubiquitous emerging environmental contaminants detected in human samples. Despite the well-established endocrine-disrupting effects (EDEs) of HMS, the interaction between MNPs and HMS and its impact on HMS-induced EDEs remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the influence of MNPs on HMS-induced estrogenic effects and elucidate the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo ...
February 2024: Environmental Health Perspectives
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Md Jashim Uddin, Brandon Thompson, Jhansi L Leslie, Casey Fishman, Katia Sol-Church, Pankaj Kumar, William A Petri
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a critical role in maintaining intestinal health in homeostatic and diseased conditions. During Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), IL-33 activates ILC2 to protect from colonic damage and mortality. The function of IL-33 and ILC is tightly regulated by the intestinal microbiota. We set out to determine the impact of antibiotic-induced disruption of the microbiome on ILC function. Our goal was to understand antibiotic-induced changes in ILC function on susceptibility to C...
February 20, 2024: MBio
#20
EDITORIAL
Shaelyn Choi, Jason Liang, Megan R Donnelly, Mallory Jebbia, Catherine M Kuza, Lourdes Swentek, Areg Grigorian, Jeffry Nahmias
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 13, 2024: American Journal of Surgery
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