Breast cancer research

PURPOSE: Preexisting diabetes is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cancer. We examined the impact of incident cancer on the long-term outcomes of diabetes. METHODS: Using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we identified three cohorts of diabetes patients subsequently diagnosed with breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer, each matched to diabetic noncancer controls. Patients were required to have survived at least 1 year after cancer diagnosis (cases) or a matched index date (controls), and were followed up to 10 years for incident microvascular and macrovascular complications and mortality...

From the first identification of aberrant DNA methylation in primary human tumors more than three decades ago, exponential progress in cancer epigenetics research has been made. For many years, cancer epigenetics studies relied on identification of DNA methylation and histone modifications at specific genes. These studies laid the foundation for the field and revealed the epigenetic alterations as hallmark of cancer, as well as the crucial role of epigenetic mechanisms in tumorigenesis. The introduction of next-generation sequencing and array-based technologies for analyzing epigenetic states has accelerated our understanding about cancer and nowadays have become potent tools in our fight against the disease...

The research here presented aims at developing a new, promising method for the imaging diagnostics of breast lesions - ultrasound tomography (UST). A currently implemented device enables the reconstruction three complementary images for each coronal breast section. Based on in vivo breast examination, the authors developed an approach to breast diagnostics which employs ultrasound transmission and reflection tomography imaging. The obtained transmission images of ultrasound speed distribution show good correlation of glandular tissue areas with their visualization on MRI images...

INTRODUCTION: Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast (SCNCB) is a very uncommon type of breast cancer. Histology and morphology are virtually indistinguishable from small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung (SCNCL), mandating a search for a primary site elsewhere in the body. There is no standard approach to treatment as there are only a limited number of cases reported in the literature. This report summarizes a case of primary SCNCB and presents a review of the literature...

PURPOSE: Although extensive screening services for breast and cervical cancers are available in the Caribbean, these cancers continue to be the leading causes of cancer death among women in this region. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality and availability of breast and cervical cancer treatment care and support services from the perspective of the gatekeepers who provide care for the patients in the Windward Islands of Dominica, Grenada, St Lucia, and St. Vincent. METHODS: A qualitative research design using semi-structured, in-depth interviews was used to gather data from gatekeepers who provided oncology prevention and care services to patients for at least one year...

Silibinin (silybin), a non-toxic natural polyphenolic flavonoid, is the principal and the most biologically active component of silymarin. It is efficient in the treatment of acute and chronic liver disorders caused by toxins, drug, alcohol, hepatitis, and gall bladder disorders. Further, in our previous studies, we explored the anti-cancer efficacy in common cancers, such as lung, prostatic, colon, breast, bladder, as well as, hepatocellular carcinoma. Interestingly, silibinin is still not solely limited to the treatment of these diseases...

Histone methylation is one of the major epigenetic modifications, and various histone methylases and demethylases participate in the epigenetic regulating. JMJD2C has been recently identified as one of the histone lysine demethylases. As one member of the Jumonji-C histone demethylase family, JMJD2C has the ability to demethylate tri- or di-methylated histone 3 and 2 in either K9 (lysine residue 9) or K36 (lysine residue 36) sites by an oxidative reaction, thereby affecting heterochromatin formation, genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation, and transcriptional regulation of genes...

BACKGROUND: Premenopausal women undergoing chemotherapy are at high risk for premature ovarian failure and its long-term consequences. Data on potential markers to evaluate ovarian reserve pre- and posttreatment are limited. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) known for ovarian reserve in reproductive medicine could be a surrogate marker and was assessed in premenopausal breast cancer patients of the SUCCESS A study (EUDRA-CT no. 2005-000490-21). METHODS: We identified 170 premenopausal patients, age ≤ 40 years at trial entry, who received FEC-Doc as taxane-anthracylince based chemotherapy...

AIM: Dietary intake assessment is often difficult in research contexts because of time and resource constraints and participant burden. Valid, reliable and brief assessments of dietary behaviour are needed. Additionally, examination of instrument performance in a variety of populations is needed. This study assessed relative validity and responsiveness to change of the Fat and Fibre Behaviour Questionnaire (FFBQ) in a population of breast cancer survivors compared with dietary intake measured by 24-hour recalls...

Global prevalence of breast cancer and its rising frequency makes it a key area of research in drug discovery programs. The research article describes the development of field based 3D-QSAR model based on human breast cancer cell line MCF7 in vitro anticancer activity, which defines the molecular level understanding and regions of structure-activity relationship for triterpene maslinic acid and its analogs. The key features such as average shape, hydrophobic regions and electrostatic patterns of active compounds were mined and mapped to virtually screen potential analogs...

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Despite there being considerable progress in the treatment of this disease, metastatic dissemination is still considered an incurable condition at the present time, causing 500,000 deaths worldwide every year. Although most of the research efforts have been focused on pharmacological approaches, over the last three decades, the use of bone marrow and peripheral blood-derived cell therapy approaches have been attempted and developed. Areas covered: This review will briefly address cell therapy for breast cancer, including autologous stem cell transplantations for overcoming the myelosuppressive effects of high-dose chemotherapy, allogeneic stem cell transplants and adoptive immunotherapy using bone-marrow derived T-cells...

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Worldwide breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. For many years clinicians and the researchers are examining and exploring various therapeutic modalities for breast cancer. Yet the disease has remained unconquered and the quest for cure is still going on. Present-day strategy of breast cancer therapy and prevention is either combination of a number of drugs or a drug that modulates multiple targets. In this regard natural products are now becoming significant options. Curcumin exemplifies a promising natural anticancer agent for this purpose...

The design and application of sensors for monitoring biomolecules in clinical samples is a common goal of the sensing research community. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and other plasmonic techniques such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and imaging SPR are reaching a maturity level sufficient for their application in monitoring biomolecules in clinical samples. In recent years, the first examples for monitoring antibodies, proteins, enzymes, drugs, small molecules, peptides, and nucleic acids in biofluids collected from patients afflicted with a series of medical conditions (Alzheimer's, hepatitis, diabetes, leukemia, and cancers such as prostate and breast cancers, among others) demonstrate the progress of SPR sensing in clinical chemistry...

The deterioration of whole blood ex vivo represents a logistical hurdle in clinical and research settings. Here, a cocktail preservative is described that stabilizes leukocyte viability and erythrocyte morphology in whole blood under ambient storage. Neutrophil biostabilization was explored using a sophisticated microfluidic assay to examine the effectiveness of caspase inhibition to stabilize purified neutrophils. Following 72 h ambient storage, neutrophils remained fully functional to migrate towards chemical cues and maintained their ability to undergo NETosis after stimulation...

PURPOSE: In contrast to art-therapy, little is known about the role of art-making for people who have been diagnosed with cancer, and even less is known about program-based art-making. This study explored the experience of participation in a visual art-making program for people during and after cancer treatment in the Northern Territory of Australia. METHOD: A longitudinal, qualitative, single cohort study was undertaken. Eight women diagnosed with breast and/or ovarian cancer participated in weekly art-making sessions over eight weeks, facilitated by two professional artists...

PURPOSE: Physical activity (PA) is important for recovery after a breast cancer diagnosis; however, women's motivation to engage in PA can be impacted by disease and/or treatment, and can therefore be a challenge. This study explored factors associated with PA levels during chemotherapy among women with breast cancer. METHOD: The study had a cross-sectional descriptive and comparative design using a study-specific questionnaire. One hundred women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were included...

BACKGROUND: The 'common variant, common disease' model predicts that a significant component of hereditary breast cancer unexplained by pathogenic variants in moderate or high-penetrance genes is due to the cumulative effect of common risk variants in DNA (polygenic risk). Assessing a woman's breast cancer risk by testing for common risk variants can provide useful information for women who would otherwise receive uninformative results by traditional monogenic testing. Despite increasing support for the utility of common risk variants in hereditary breast cancer, research findings have not yet been integrated into clinical practice...

Treatment options for hormone receptor-positive (HR-positive) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) continue to increase in parallel with expanding knowledge about the complex biology of breast cancer subtypes and resistance mechanisms to endocrine therapy. For patients with HR-positive MBC, there are now an unprecedented number of endocrine-based treatment options that can improve long-term outcomes, while preserving or optimizing quality of life, and that can be used before selecting more cytotoxic chemotherapeutic regimens...

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and a leading cause of cancer mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play a key role in proliferation, metastasis and invasion of cancer. In previous study, we found that miRNA-223 was significant expression inexosome derived from peripheral blood serum of breast cancer patients than in samples from control subjects, Therefor,the role ofmiRNA-223willbe researched in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.In this study, to explore the role of miRNA-223in influencing cell proliferation, metastasis and invasion of breast cancer, TargetScan tools (http://www...