freez fish

The effects of gelatin type (porcine skin gelatin, PSG; bovine skin gelatin, BSG; fish gelatin, FG; or cold-water fish skin gelatin, CFG) and concentration on the preparation and properties of fish oil powders were investigated in this work. The oil powders were prepared using the combination method of gelatin-sodium hexametaphosphate complex coacervation with starch sodium octenyl succinate (SSOS)-aided freeze-drying. Compared with the other gelatins, CFG-with an unobvious isoelectric point, a lower molecular weight, more hydrogen bonds, and longer gel formation time-could not form complex coacervates, which are necessary to prepare oil powders...

Myofibrillar proteins (MPs) are an important nutritional supplement and have great significance in sports training and rehabilitation therapy. Currently, MPs preservation is still disputed since they are vulnerable to degradation, polymerization, and denaturation. Freeze-drying is an emerging technology for protein preservation, its effects on the functionality of MPs from different sources have not yet been thoroughly studied. This study aims to evaluate the performance differences of freeze-drying in maintaining the functional characteristics of MPs from fish and mammalian sources, providing valuable insights for the processing and preservation of MPs, and providing nutritional support for nursing and rehabilitation...

Freeze tolerance is a survival strategy employed by some ectotherms living in extremely cold environments. Some fish in extremely cold areas can recover from their frozen state, but they also have to endure cold stress. Amur sleeper (Perccottus glenii) can recover from a completely frozen state. To explore the response of freeze-resistant fish to low temperatures, we analyzed histological alterations, and antioxidant and carbohydrate-lipid metabolizing enzymes of P. glenii under low temperatures. So far, sensory genes regulating P...

Linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid are the only essential fatty acids (EFAs) known to the human body. Other fatty acids (FAs) of the omega-6 and omega-3 families originate from linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, respectively, by the biological processes of elongation and desaturation. In diets with low fish consumption or vegetarianism, these FAs play an exclusive role in providing two crucial FAs for maintaining our body's vital functions; docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. However, these polyunsaturated FAs are inherently sensitive to oxidation, thereby adversely affecting the storage stability of oils containing them...

Although enchytraeids have gained popularity in scientific research, fundamental questions regarding their feeding ecology and biology remain largely unexplored. This study investigates α-amylases, major digestive enzymes responsible for hydrolyzing starch and similar polysaccharides into sugars, in Enchytraeus albidus. Genetic data related to α-amylases is currently lacking for the family Enchytraeidae but also for the entire Annelida. To detect and identify coding sequences of the expressed α-amylase genes in COI-monohaplotype culture (PL-A strain) of E...

Low-cost fish species are often used to adulterate or substitute for Atlantic salmon products, posing a serious threat to market order and public health. Hence, reliable techniques are urgently needed to detect Atlantic salmon adulteration. In this study, a precise method for identifying and quantifying adulterated Atlantic salmon with rainbow trout based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) testing was developed. Species-specific primers and probes were designed targeting the single-copy nuclear gene myoglobin of two salmonids...

This study documents the effect of cryopreservation on motility, DNA integrity, and gene expression in Mugil cephalus sperm. Fresh sperm were cryopreserved using V2 extender (V2E) or 0.3 M glucose, each in combination with one of three cryoprotective agents (CPAs), i.e., 10 % of dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene glycol, or glycerol, all at once. After two different storage (7- vs 60- day) periods in liquid nitrogen, sperm samples were thawed. Single-cell gel electrophoresis was used to detect the DNA integrity...

In many ways, globalization is beneficial, but in one way, it promotes the spread of alien (invasive) species through international trade and transport. In different habitats, Esox lucius (northern pike) can be considered a regionally alien species, and this fish tends to establish a higher density population than desired in fresh water. Early identification of such invasive species using sensitive and quick methods is important to be able to take immediate measures and avoid environmental problems. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has emerged as the best DNA/RNA detection technique, without any expensive equipment and could be used to detect environmental DNA (eDNA)...

There are a high number of stressors present in aquaculture that can affect fish welfare and quality. One way of mitigating stress response is by increasing dietary tryptophan. In this study, three diets containing 0.5% (Tript1), 0.6% (Tript2), and 0.8% (Tript3) of tryptophan were tested in 32 g juvenile meagre for 56 days. At the end of the trial, survival, growth, and proximate composition were similar between treatments. Significant differences were found in the plasma parameters before and after a stress test consisting of 30 s of air exposure...

Coastal observations along the Texas coast are valuable for many stakeholders in diverse domains. However, the management of the collected data has been limited, creating gaps in hydrological and atmospheric datasets. Among these, water and air temperature measurements are particularly crucial for water temperature predictions, especially during freeze events. These events can pose a serious threat to endangered sea turtles and economically valuable fish, which can succumb to hypothermic stunning, making them vulnerable to cold-related illness or death...

Total mercury (THg) analysis of fish tissue requires the samples to be frozen for long-term storage or analyzed immediately after the fish sample has been obtained. Such rigid field sampling protocols do not account for the logistical challenges that can occur if sampling is conducted in remote areas or collaboratively via community-based monitoring initiatives. Here we present a study that examines the loss of THg from Walleye tissue that has thawed for 3 and 5 days, mimicking potential thaw during transport from remote locations...

Foods and beverages with excessive tannins acid (TA) content taste astringent and bitter. The overconsumption of TA could result in nutritional and digestive problems. In this study, the cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)/fish swim bladder gelatin (FG) composite sponge was prepared with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. The TA adsorption performance of the sponge was discussed. The freeze-dried CNC/FG composite sponge had a porous network structure. CNC was combined into the FG matrix as a reinforcing phase...

A baseline study was undertaken on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in phytoplankton. Plankton samples from six stations (duplicates) in Kaohsiung Harbor (KH), Taiwan along with a phytoplankton control sample afar from the harbor, were collected. We applied size-fractionation to isolate phytoplankton (55-120 μm), followed by sedimentation and centrifugation to remove abiogenic particulates. The phytoplankton was freeze-dried, extracted with acetone: n-hexane (1:1, v/v), and analyzed using GC-MS...

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that presents with symptoms of intense pruritus, dryness, and erythema. Dissatisfaction with first-line therapies for AD, the desire to avoid steroids, and the extreme cost of effective biologics have created a demand for alternative treatment options such as oral vitamins and nutritional supplements. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review was to assess the effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements, pre- and probiotics, and vitamin deficiencies and supplements on AD symptomology and clinical course...

BACKGROUND: Large yellow croaker is highly perishable during storage because of high protein and moisture contents, and the degradation of fish is mainly attributed to microbial growth and enzymes activities, so it is vital to find an efficiently storage method to delay the shelf life of large yellow croaker. METHODOLOGY: The effect of low voltage electrostatic field combined with partial freezing treatment on the physicochemical properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) and metabolomic analysis of large yellow croaker during preservation was investigated in this study...

The effect of 1.0 % (w/v) sodium alginate (SA) glazing on surface frost formation and the quality of frozen fish balls in repeated freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles was studied. The optimal glazing property of 1.0 % SA solution was manifested by high transmittance, excellent water resistance, and high ice glazing rate. After seven F-T cycles, compared with the control, the ice production, thawing loss, and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) value of samples with 1.0 % ice glazing decreased by 28...

The global rise of pharmaceutical contaminants in the aquatic environment poses a serious threat to ecological and evolutionary processes. Studies have traditionally focused on the collateral (average) effects of psychoactive pollutants on ecologically relevant behaviors of wildlife, often neglecting effects among and within individuals, and whether they differ between males and females. We tested whether psychoactive pollutants have sex-specific effects on behavioral individuality and plasticity in guppies ( Poecilia reticulata ), a freshwater species that inhabits contaminated waterways in the wild...

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) protect organisms living in sub-freezing conditions by inhibiting ice growth in fish and insects, limiting ice recrystallization in plants, and assisting bacteria to adhere to ice. The mechanisms by which these proteins bind to ice and inhibit its growth have been studied both experimentally and using molecular dynamic simulations. A unique experimental technique developed to test and characterize the interactions between IBPs and ice using a combination of a microfluidic device, cold stages with millikelvin temperature resolution, fluorescence-labeled IBPs, and fluorescence microscopy is described herein...

Organisms inhabiting freezing terrestrial, polar, and alpine environments survive because they have evolved adaptations to tolerate sub-freezing temperatures. Among these adaptations are ice-binding proteins (IBPs) which in the case of fishes and some insects have antifreeze properties which allow them to avoid freezing even at their lowest environmental temperatures. Other organisms, including some insects, microorganisms, and plants, tolerate freezing and also contain IBPs. Unlike fish and insects, their antifreeze properties (hysteresis) are minimal, but most are potent ice recrystallization inhibitors (IRIs)...

This research aimed to characterize protein types including sarcoplasmic protein (SP), myofibrillar protein (MP), and alkali-aided protein extract (AP) prepared from tilapia byproducts using water, 0.6 M NaCl, and alkaline solution (pH 11), respectively compared to freeze-dried minced tilapia muscle (CONTROL). Principal component analysis was performed from second derivative FTIR spectra to differentiate protein type. The AP mostly contained β-sheet structure and had low total sulfhydryl content and surface hydrophobicity...