nutrition transition

Infrared (IR) technology offers a promising solution for reducing microbiological loads in various food types while preserving their quality traits, such as flavour. However, research on IR's application in complex matrices is limited. Therefore, our preliminary study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness in sanitizing bovine raw milk. We assessed the bacterial count before and after IR treatment by comparing volatile organic compound profiles via headspace extraction and GC/MS analysis. Our findings showed that higher energy levels led to a greater bacterial reduction...

A new chitosan-based protective film containing rosemarinic acid (0.282% w / w ) has been elaborated. The film was formed from a water-oil emulsion system and applied to poultry meat samples using a dip-coating technique. Various physicochemical parameters of the coatings, such as thickness, Young's modulus, elongation at break, water vapor transmission rates, and antioxidant activity, were tested with free-standing film samples peeled from a Petri dish. Compared to neat chitosan films obtained similarly, new films cast from the emulsion showed significantly better elasticity (Young's modulus was diminished from 1458 MPa to about 29 MPa)...

The transition to college is a period of higher risk of the development of eating disorders, with nutrition/dietetics students representing a group of particular vulnerability. Hence, it is interesting to assess eating disorders, taking into consideration potential sources of bias, including social desirability. Our aims were to compare the risk of eating disorders between students of nutrition/dietetics and those attending other courses and to study potential social desirability biases. A total of 799 higher education students (81...

BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the impact and safety of combining maternal voice stimulation with gravity feeding on low-birth-weight preterm infants. The research focuses on key outcomes such as gastric tube indwelling time, feeding transition time, adequate gastrointestinal nutrition time, recovery of birth weight time, length of hospital stay, and oral motor function in preterm infants. METHODS: A total of 150 low birth weight preterm infants meeting inclusion criteria were recruited from the neonatal care unit and randomly assigned to three groups: traditional nasal feeding, gravity feeding with a homemade bracket, and a combined group receiving both gravity feeding and maternal voice stimulation...

AIMS: Chronic systolic heart failure (CHF) is a major health burden. A relevant number of patients shows asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (ALVSD) before symptomatic CHF or becomes asymptomatic after initiating heart failure therapy. Clinical course, prognosis, and response to pharmacological and device-based treatment are largely unknown in these two distinct groups of patients. Current pharmacological and interventional therapies do neither properly address the underlying pathophysiology nor prevent malignant loss of function...

BACKGROUND: Children exposed prenatally to alcohol or cannabinoids individually can exhibit growth deficits and increased risk for adverse birth outcomes. However, these drugs are often co-consumed and their combined effects on early brain development are virtually unknown. The blood vessels of the fetal brain emerge and mature during the neurogenic period to support nutritional needs of the rapidly growing brain, and teratogenic exposure during this gestational window may therefore impair fetal cerebrovascular development...

The Mediterranean diet is a well-studied cultural model of healthy eating, yet research on healthy models from other cultures and cuisines has been limited. This perspective article summarizes the components of traditional Latin American, Asian, and African Heritage diets, their association with diet quality and markers of health, and implications for nutrition programs and policy. Though these diets differ in specific foods and flavors, we present a common thread that emphasizes healthful plant foods, and that is consistent with high dietary quality and low rates of major causes of disability and deaths...

Hormonal changes during the menopause transition may lead to vasomotor symptoms, including hot flashes (HFs) and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and irritability. We hypothesized that the effects of cassis polyphenol (CaP) to improve microcirculation and vasorelaxation may alleviate menopausal symptoms. We performed a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial involving 59 healthy women (mean [standard deviation] age, 51.3 [4.3] years; body mass index, 20.8 [2.6] kg/m2 ). Participants experiencing subjective menopausal symptoms consumed CaP tablets (400 mg/d, CaP group) or placebo tablets (placebo group) for 4 weeks...

SCOPE: The excretion of dietary odorants into urine and milk is evaluated and the impact of possible influencing factors determined. Furthermore, the metabolic relevance of conjugates for the excretion into milk is investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Lactating mothers (n = 20) are given a standardized curry dish and donated one milk and urine sample each before and 1, 2, 3, 4.5, 6, and 8 h after the intervention. The concentrations of nine target odorants in these samples are determined...

Chylous ascites is the accumulation of triglyceride-rich lymphatic fluid in the peritoneal cavity. We present the case of a four-month-old male admitted for abdominal distension. A large volume of ascites was confirmed by imaging. Paracentesis indicated chylous aspirate and drainage was performed using a pigtail catheter. Total parenteral nutrition was initiated and fluconazole prophylaxis was implemented for seven days. Twenty-six days after admission, abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging showed trace ascites but no signs of lymphatic malformation...

Global climate change has already brought noticeable alterations to multiple regions of our planet. Several important steps of plant growth and development, such as embryogenesis, can be affected by environmental changes. For instance, these changes would affect how stored nutrients are used during early stages of seed germination as it transitions from a heterotrophic to autotrophic metabolism, a critical period for the seedling's survival. In this perspective, we provide a brief description of relevant processes that occur during embryo maturation and account for nutrient accumulation, which are sensitive to environmental change...

The emergence and rapid spread of COVID-19 led to unprecedented changes for families and systems of care. This study sought to understand the needs of families participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) before and during the pandemic and considers the impact remote service delivery has on access to an integrated behavioral health intervention to support the psychosocial needs of children and caregivers. Needs for referral varied significantly pre- and post-pandemic onset...

INTRODUCTION: Convenience foods are a double-edged sword in that they provide quick and easy nutrition but may promote non-communicable diseases related to excess intakes of sugar, fat, and salt. To inform the German national reduction and innovation strategy for less sugar, fat, and salt in processed foods, the present study sought to analyse the consumption frequency of selected convenience foods and to determine sociodemographic and behavioural factors that characterise frequent users...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dietitians frequently use nutrition education tools to facilitate dietary counselling sessions. Nevertheless, these tools may require adaptation to keep pace with technological advancements. This study had a 2-fold purpose: first, to identify the types of nutrition education tools currently in use, identify their limitations, and explore dietitians' perspectives on the importance of these tools; second, to investigate the features that dietitians prefer in digital nutrition education tools...

PURPOSE: Proposed sustainable diets often deviate dramatically from currently consumed diets, excluding or drastically reducing entire food groups. Moreover, their environmental sustainability tends to be measured only in terms of greenhouse gases emissions. The aim of this study was to overcome these limitations and identify a cluster of already adopted, relatively healthy diets with substantially lower environmental impacts than the average diet. We also aimed to estimate the reduction in multiple environmental impacts that could be achieved by shifting to this diet cluster and highlight possible tradeoffs among environmental impacts...

BACKGROUND: During the 1990s, global eating habits changed, affecting poorer and middle-income nations, as well as richer countries. This shift, known as the "obesity transition," led to more people becoming overweight or obese worldwide. In Ecuador, this change is happening, and now, one in three children is affected by overweight or obesity (OW/OB). This study explores the links between social, economic, and demographic factors and childhood obesity in Ecuador, seeking to provide insights for shaping future health policies in response to this intricate shift...

BACKGROUND: Diets rich in minimally processed plant-based foods are recommended to breast cancer patients, and some may have an interest in whole-food, plant-based (WFPB) diets that avoid animal-based foods, added fats, and refined sugars. Within WFPB diets, the intakes of isoflavones, omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs), and omega-3 polyunsaturated FAs (n-3 PUFAs), which have been discussed in reference to breast cancer outcomes, have not been well characterized. METHODS: Women with stage IV breast cancer on stable therapy were randomized 2:1 into (1) a WFPB intervention ( N  = 21) or (2) usual care ( N  = 11) for 8 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Changes in lifestyle and dietary habits that hunter-gatherer populations have undergone in recent decades have often led to rising obesity rates with disastrous consequences for their health. OBJECTIVES: The associations between dietary habits and weight status were studied in 238 "Ju/'hoansi" San (93 women and 145 men) aged between 18 and 65 years in northern Namibia in 1987. Weight status was estimated based on the World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) categories, and dietary habits were recorded using food recall methods...

BACKGROUND: Nimbolide, a bioactive compound derived from the neem tree, has garnered attention as a potential breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Recent updates in research highlight its multifaceted pharmacological properties, demonstrating anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. With a rich history in traditional medicine, nimbolide efficacy in addressing the molecular complexities of conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer positions it as a promising candidate for further exploration...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused widespread devastation, with millions of confirmed cases and deaths worldwide. Although there were efforts made to develop treatments and vaccines for COVID-19, the coexistence of sarcopenia, a muscle disorder, has been largely overlooked. It is while new variants of this disease (eg, BA.2.86) are challenging the current protocols. Sarcopenia is associated with increased mortality and disability, and shares common mechanisms with COVID-19, such as inflammation, hormonal changes, and malnutrition...