keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535537/identification-of-germinants-and-expression-of-germination-genes-in-clostridium-perfringens-strains-isolated-from-diarrheic-animals
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prabhat K Talukdar, Maryam Alnoman, Mahfuzur R Sarker
In this study, we investigated the spore germination phenotype of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from diarrheic animals (animal strains). The transcripts of germination-specific genes and their protein products were also measured. Our study found the following results: (i) animal strains spores germinated at a slower rate with AK (mixture of L-asparagine and KCl), L-cysteine, or L-lysine, but the extent of germination varied based on strains and germinants used; (ii) none of the amino acids (excluding L-cysteine and L-lysine) were identified as a universal germinant for spores of animal strains; (iii) animal strain spores germinated better at a pH range of 6...
February 22, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535448/differential-proteomic-analysis-of-low-dose-chronic-paralytic-shellfish-poisoning
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiujie Liu, Fuli Wang, Huilan Yu, Changcai Liu, Junmei Xia, Yangde Ma, Bo Chen, Shilei Liu
Shellfish poisoning is a common food poisoning. To comprehensively characterize proteome changes in the whole brain due to shellfish poisoning, Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based differential proteomic analysis was performed with a low-dose chronic shellfish poisoning model in mice. A total of 6798 proteins were confidently identified, among which 123 proteins showed significant changes (fold changes of >1.2 or <0.83, p < 0.05). In positive regulation of synaptic transmission, proteins assigned to a presynaptic membrane (e...
February 26, 2024: Marine Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534680/whole-genome-sequencing-reveals-antimicrobial-resistance-and-virulence-genes-of-both-pathogenic-and-non-pathogenic-b-cereus-group-isolates-from-foodstuffs-in-thailand
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phornphan Sornchuer, Kritsakorn Saninjuk, Sumet Amonyingcharoen, Jittiporn Ruangtong, Nattaya Thongsepee, Pongsakorn Martviset, Pathanin Chantree, Kant Sangpairoj
Members of the Bacillus cereus group are spore-forming Gram-positive bacilli that are commonly associated with diarrheal or emetic food poisoning. They are widespread in nature and frequently present in both raw and processed food products. Here, we genetically characterized 24 B. cereus group isolates from foodstuffs. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that most of the isolates were closely related to B. cereus sensu stricto (12 isolates), followed by B. pacificus (5 isolates), B. paranthracis (5 isolates), B...
March 7, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531469/kidney-toxicity-and-transcriptome-analyses-of-male-icr-mice-acutely-exposed-to-the-mushroom-toxin-%C3%AE-amanitin
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhijun Wu, Haijiao Li, Wenjin Zhao, Min Zheng, Juan Cheng, Zhengjie Cao, Chengye Sun
Amatoxins are responsible for most fatal mushroom poisoning cases, as it causes both hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. However, studies on amatoxin nephrotoxicity are limited. Here, we investigated nephrotoxicity over 4 days and nephrotoxicity/hepatotoxicity over 14 days in mice. The organ weight ratio, serological indices, and tissue histology results indicated that a nephrotoxicity mouse model was established with two stages: (1) no apparent effects within 24 h; and (2) the appearance of adverse effects, with gradual worsening within 2-14 days...
March 24, 2024: Food and Chemical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520990/polymerase-chain-reaction-based-methods-for-the-rapid-identification-of-amanita-exitialis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Zhang, Shuifang Zhu, Chaonan Wang, Junxia Shi, Jiayao He, Jian Chen, Liang Liang, Fan Jiang
Amanita exitialis, a deadly mushroom found in eastern Asia, causes the highest death rates among all poisonous mushrooms in China. The aim of the present study was to develop an efficient, accurate, and user-friendly PCR-based method for identifying A. exitialis that could facilitate the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of associated food poisoning. A. exitialis-specific primers and probes were designed based on the internal transcribed spacer region variations of 27 mushroom species. Specificity was confirmed using conventional and real-time PCR for 23 non-target mushroom species, including morphologically similar and closely related species...
March 20, 2024: Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519836/rapid-detection-of-major-enterotoxin-genes-and-antibiotic-resistance-of-staphylococcus-aureus-isolated-from-raw-milk-in-the-yazd-province-iran
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohamad Javad Forouzani-Moghaddam, Sina Habibi, Ahmad Hosseini-Safa, Khadijeh Khanaliha, Roya Mokarinejad, Fatemeh Akhoundzadeh, Mojgan Oshaghi
INTRODUCTION: Raw milk is a nutrient-rich food, but it may harbour harmful bacteria, such as enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which can cause staphylococcal food poisoning. Antibiotic resistance of S. aureus in raw milk can increase the risk of such infections, particularly among susceptible individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of enterotoxin genes a, d, g, i and j and the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus isolated from raw milk samples...
May 2024: Veterinary Medicine and Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519777/development-of-a-simple-screening-method-for-analyzing-cereulide-toxin-in-fried-rice-using-liquid-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroshi Koike, Maki Kanda, Chie Monma, Souichi Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Hayashi, Yoko Matsushima, Yumi Ohba, Momoka Hayashi, Natsumi Furuta, Wakaba Okada, Chieko Nagano, Keiko Yokoyama, Tomoko Yokoyama, Takeo Sasamoto
PURPOSE: The presence of cereulide, an emetic toxin produced by Bacillus cereus, in fried rice samples is critical evidence of food poisoning even in situations where B. cereus could not be detected. This study aims to develop a screening method for analyzing cereulide in fried rice using the QuEChERS procedure and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). METHODS: Cereulide was identified and quantified in fried rice samples using the QuEChERS extraction method and LC-MS/MS...
March 22, 2024: Forensic Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519615/tracing-and-source-fingerprinting-of-metals-from-the-southern-coastal-sediments-in-bangladesh
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niger Sultana, Shamima Akther Eti, Md Lokman Hossain, Jianfeng Li, Mohammed Abdus Salam
Trace element pollution from anthropogenic sources is increasingly widespread. This pollution in terrestrial environments threatens agricultural crop production, while in aquatic environments, it threatens fish cultivation. The contamination of these crucial food sources raises significant concerns regarding food safety, security, and its potential adverse effects on human health. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to heavy metal pollution due to their proximity to industrial and urban centres, as well as their susceptibility to contamination from marine sources...
March 23, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519193/identification-of-toxic-gelsemium-elegans-in-processed-food-and-honey-based-on-real-time-pcr-analysis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gang Wang, Ying Ren, Yuying Su, Hui Zhang, Jinfeng Li, Hongxia Zhao, Huixia Zhang, Jianping Han
Gelsemium elegans (GE) is a widely distributed hypertoxic plant that has caused many food poisoning incidents. Its pollen can also be collected by bees to produce toxic honey, posing a great threat to the health and safety of consumers. However, for the complex matrices such as cooked food and honey, it is challenging to perform composition analysis. It is necessary to establish more effective strategies for investigating GE contamination. In this study, the real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis combined with DNA barcode matK was proposed for the identification and detection of GE...
April 2024: Food Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519157/impact-of-sporulation-temperature-on-germination-of-bacillus-subtilis-spores-under-optimal-and-adverse-environmental-conditions
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Víctor Freire, Santiago Condón, Elisa Gayán
Bacillus subtilis spores are important food spoilage agents and are occasionally involved in food poisoning. In foods that are not processed with intense heat, such bacterial spores are controlled by a combination of different hurdles, such as refrigeration, acidification, and low water activity (aw ), which inhibit or delay germination and/or growth. Sporulation temperature has long been regarded as a relevant factor for the assessment of germination in chemically defined media, but little is known about its impact on food preservation environments...
April 2024: Food Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515534/dog-and-cat-exposures-to-drugs-of-abuse-identified-by-the-california-animal-health-and-food-safety-laboratory-system-2013-2023
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sigal Klainbart, Chelsea A Sykes, Robert H Poppenga
INTRODUCTION: While known animal exposures to human "drugs of abuse" (DA) were previously considered relatively uncommon in veterinary medicine, the trends are changing. Marijuana and amphetamines are among the 20 toxicants most frequently consulted about with the Pet Poison Helpline. When such exposures occur, they are typically considered emergencies. METHODS: This retrospective study describes confirmed cases of DA exposure in pets from the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System (CAHFS), 2013-2023...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510259/targeting-staphylococcal-enterotoxin-b-binding-to-cd28-as-a-new-strategy-for-dampening-superantigen-mediated-intestinal-epithelial-barrier-dysfunctions
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carola Amormino, Emanuela Russo, Valentina Tedeschi, Maria Teresa Fiorillo, Alessandro Paiardini, Francesco Spallotta, Laura Rosanò, Loretta Tuosto, Martina Kunkl
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that may cause intestinal inflammation by secreting enterotoxins, which commonly cause food-poisoning and gastrointestinal injuries. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) acts as a superantigen (SAg) by binding in a bivalent manner the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the costimulatory receptor CD28, thus stimulating T cells to produce large amounts of inflammatory cytokines, which may affect intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and functions. However, the role of T cell-mediated SEB inflammatory activity remains unknown...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507288/advances-in-metabolism-and-metabolic-toxicology-of-quinoxaline-1-4-di-n-oxides
#13
REVIEW
Haoxian An, Yonggang Li, Yanshen Li, Shanmin Gong, Ya'ning Zhu, Xinru Li, Shuang Zhou, Yongning Wu
Quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-Oxides (QdNOs) have been used as synthetic antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry and aquaculture. The metabolism and potential toxicity have been also concerns in recently years. The metabolism investigations showed that there were 8 metabolites of Carbadox (CBX), 34 metabolites of Cyadox (CYA), 33 metabolites of Mequindox (MEQ), 35 metabolites of Olaquindox (OLA), and 56 metabolites of Quinocetone (QCT) in different animals. Among them, Cb3 and Cb8, M6, and O9 are metabolic residual markers of CBX, MEQ and OLA, which are associated with N → O reduction...
March 20, 2024: Chemical Research in Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505905/a-poisoning-case-involving-gymnopus-dryophiloides-agaricomycetes
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Ma, Hui Min Liu, Tai Jie Yu, Mei Yang, Li Ping Tang
Recently, mushroom poisoning is becoming one of the most serious food safety problems in China, especially in Yunnan province. However, there is insufficient information on many poisoning incidents, including mushroom information, identification and poisoning symptoms etc. In October 2022, a female midwife in Yunnan province consumed a wild mushroom twice. Detailed epidemiological investigation and mushroom identification were performed in this report. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analysis, the suspected mushroom was identified as Gymnopus dryophiloides (Omphalotaceae, Agaricomycetes)...
2024: International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503699/-research-progress-of-novel-functional-materials-in-extraction-of-algal-toxins
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Fang, Ya-Ping Wu, Wen-Min Zhang, Lan Zhang, Zhen-Quan Yang
Algal toxins are secondary metabolites produced by harmful algae; these metabolites are characterized with strong toxicity, diverse structure and bioaccumulation. Aquatic organisms that feed on harmful algae can accumulate algal toxins in their bodies, and the consumption of these organisms by humans can cause symptoms of paralysis, diarrhea, and even death. The onset of poisoning can occur within as little as 30 min; in many cases, no suitable antidote for algal toxins is available. Thus, algal toxins present significant threats to human health, the aquaculture industry, and aquatic ecosystems...
March 8, 2024: Se Pu, Chinese Journal of Chromatography
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497614/novel-archaeal-histamine-oxidase-from-natronobeatus-ordinarius-insights-into-histamine-degradation-for-enhancing-food-safety
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Hou, Xin-Xin Li, Yu Sun, Yang Li, Xiao-Yan Yang, Ya-Ping Sun, Heng-Lin Cui
Histamine, found abundantly in salt-fermented foods, poses a risk of food poisoning. Natronobeatus ordinarius , a halophilic archaeon isolated from a salt lake, displayed a strong histamine degradation ability. Its histamine oxidase (HOD) gene was identified ( hod Nbs ). This is the first report of an archaeal HOD. The HODNbs protein was determined to be a tetramer with a molecular weight of 307 kDa. HODNbs displayed optimum activity at 60-65 °C, 1.5-2.0 M NaCl, and pH 6.5. Notably, within the broad NaCl range between 0...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496381/safety-assessment-of-transgenic-maize-cc-2-by-90-day-feeding-study-in-sprague-dawley-rats
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chen Chen, Lili Shi, Hongmei Mao, Chao Han, Jinpeng Zhao, Qin Zhuo, Yan Li
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of transgenic maize CC-2 through a 90-day feeding study in Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS: Transgenic maize CC-2 and its parental counterpart maize Zhengdan 958 were respectively incorporated into diets at levels of 70%, 35% or 17.5% (w/w) and were administrated to rats (n = 10/sex/group) for 90 days. An additional control group of rats (n = 10/sex/group) were fed with the AIN93 breeding diet...
April 2024: Toxicology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495870/knowledge-attitude-and-food-safety-practices-among-street-food-vendors-at-a-metropolitan-district-in-ghana-a-cross-sectional-study
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abraham Norman Nortey, Hubert Amu, Ebenezer Senu, Alfred Effah
BACKGROUND: Street food is a vital component of cities and towns in developing countries. However, food poisoning has been associated with inadequate knowledge of food safety practices and inappropriate food handling. We examined the knowledge, attitude, and practices of street food sellers in the Takoradi Submetropolis, Ghana, on food safety and hygienic practice. METHOD: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 406 street food vendors were recruited based on a simple random sampling technique from the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Ghana, using a structured questionnaire...
2024: International Journal of Food Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489901/precautions-for-seafood-consumers-an-updated-review-of-toxicity-bioaccumulation-and-rapid-detection-methods-of-marine-biotoxins
#19
REVIEW
Yifan Wang, Ansar Javeed, Cuiqin Jian, Qiuyu Zeng, Bingnan Han
Seafood products are globally consumed, and there is an increasing demand for the quality and safety of these products among consumers. Some seafoods are easily contaminated by marine biotoxins in natural environments or cultured farming processes. When humans ingest different toxins accumulated in seafood, they may exhibit different poisoning symptoms. According to the investigations, marine toxins produced by harmful algal blooms and various other marine organisms mainly accumulate in the body organs such as liver and digestive tract of seafood animals...
March 14, 2024: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486745/strain-typing-and-antimicrobial-susceptibility-of-salmonella-enterica-albany-isolates-from-duck-farms-in-south-korea
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mina Han, Munhui Chae, Sangkab Lee, Kyongok No, Seongtae Han
Salmonella enterica is distributed worldwide and is a common cause of bacterial food poisoning in humans and a serious public health problem. Although duck meat consumption has recently increased in Korea, studies on the epidemiological relationship between S. enterica contamination in duck farms are scarce. Salmonella enterica serovar Albany isolates recovered from duck farms were analyzed using two typing methods - IR Biotyper® (IRBT) and multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). The clustering results were compared with the epidemiological survey findings and the antimicrobial resistance profiles...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
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