Vtec

Background: Diarrhoeagenic verotoxin producing non-O157 Escherichia coli (VTEC) are associated with endemic infantile diarrhoea-causing morbidity and mortality worldwide. VTEC can also cause severe illness and has an impact on outbreaks, especially in developing countries. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and characterisation of VTEC and their association in causing infectious diarrhoea among Malaysian children. Methods: Standard microbiological techniques identified a total of 137 non-repeated, clinically significant E...

Background    Venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) are a major non-oncological cause of death of patients with malignant neoplasm (MNP). This determines the high significance of antithrombotic therapy for the treatment and secondary prevention of VTEC in this population. During recent years, low-molecular weight heparins (LMWH) have been a "gold standard" for the treatment of cancer-associated venous thrombosis (CAVT). In the recent decade, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have become extensively used for the treatment and prevention of VTEC relapse in non-oncological patients and also for primary prevention of VTEC following orthopedic surgery...

This study presents an alternative vertical total electron content (VTEC) anomaly detection technique based on diurnal VTEC values. In order to assess the consistency of the results, Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake occurred on May 12, 2008 was chosen as case study because several researches were performed on this earthquake event. In this detection technique, the daily mean of VTEC (AVTEC) and standard deviation of diurnal VTEC (SVTEC) were adopted in the analytical process instead of quartile-based technique. The spatial distribution of VTEC was illustrated by AVTEC and SVTEC maps which created from ordinary Kriging interpolation technique...

In Canada, enteric infections cause significant health and economic burden. We evaluated the individual characteristics of laboratory-confirmed cases of Campylobacter spp. ( n  = 28,728), non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. ( n  = 22,640), Yersinia spp. ( n  = 1674), Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC; n  = 1340), and Listeria monocytogenes ( n  = 471), reported between 2010 and 2017 inclusive, in Ontario, Canada (population ∼13,500,000). We calculated overall and pathogen-specific annual and mean incidence rates (IRs) for Ontario...

In this opinion, the antimicrobial resistant bacteria responsible for transmissible diseases that constitute a threat to the health of cattle have been assessed. The assessment has been performed following a methodology based on information collected by an extensive literature review and expert judgement. Details of the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. A global state of play on antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (non-VTEC) , Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis, Moraxella bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum and Trueperella pyogenes is provided...

In this opinion, the antimicrobial-resistant bacteria responsible for transmissible diseases that constitute a threat to the health of sheep and goats have been assessed. The assessment has been performed following a methodology based on information collected by an extensive literature review and expert judgement. Details of the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. A global state of play on antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli (non-VTEC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Dichelobacter nodosus , Moraxella ovis , Mannheimia haemolytica , Pasteurella multocida , Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae , Mycoplasma agalactiae , Trueperella pyogenes , Streptococcus uberis , Bibersteinia trehalosi , Campylobacter fetus , Mycoplasma mycoides subsp...

The thickness parameters that most empirical models use are generally defined by empirical relations related to ionogram characteristics. This is the case with the NeQuick model that uses an inflection point below the F2 layer peak to define a thickness parameter of the F2 bottomside of the electron density profile, which is named B2. This study is focused on the effects of geomagnetic storms on the thickness parameter B2. We selected three equinoctial storms, namely 17 March 2013, 2 October 2013 and 17 March 2015...

The influence of the South American total solar eclipse of 14th December 2020 on the ionosphere is studied by using the continuous Chilean Global Positioning System (GPS) sites across the totality path. The totality path with eclipse magnitude 1.012 passed through the Villarrica (Lon. 72.2308°W and Lat. 39.2820°S) in south Chile during 14:41:02.0 UTC to 17:30:58.1 UTC and maximum occurred ~ 16:03:49.5 UTC around the local noon. The vertical total electron content (VTEC) derived by GPS sites across the totality path for two PRN's 29 and 31 show almost 20-40% of reduction with reference to ambient values...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze an effectiveness of algorithm for complex treatment of patients with surgical complications of prolonged warfarin therapy in a general surgical hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 138 patients with surgical complications of prolonged warfarin therapy. All patients received warfarin for at least 6 months (49.5% of patients - over 5 years). Warfarin therapy was indicated for deep vein thrombosis in 54 patients and various cardiac diseases in 84 patients...

We aimed to compare the genetic diversity existing in VTEC O157:H7 strains isolated from cases of human disease from Argentina and Chile. For it, 76 strains were studied in relation to the distribution of genes encoding virulence factors and subtyped by lineage-specific polymorphisms (LSPA-6), and phylogroups assignment. Our results show the almost exclusive circulation of VTEC O157:H7 isolates belonging to lineage I/II, associated with hypervirulent strains, and to the phylogroup E and, on the other hand, genetic diversity present among Argentinean and Chilean strains analyzed, mainly in relation to putative virulence determinants and nle profiles...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide health problem affecting humans, animals, and the environment within the framework of the "One Health" concept. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic strains of the species Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), their AMR profile, and biofilm-forming potential. The isolated strains from three swine faeces and free lagoons (ISO 16654:2001/Amd 1:2017) were confirmed using Phoenix M50 and 16S rDNA PCR. The antibiotic sensitivity to 34 clinically applied antibiotics was determined by Phoenix M50 and the disc diffusion method, according to the protocols of the CLSI and EUCAST...

Pig livestock was influenced by several global concerns that imposed a re-thinking of the farming system, which included the reduction in chemical dependency and the development of antimicrobial alternatives. Post-weaning diarrhea and enterotoxaemia caused by Escherichia coli, are serious threats that are responsible for the economic losses related to mortality, morbidity and stunted growth in weaning piglets. The aim of the study was to set up experimental conditions to simulate the simultaneous outbreak of post-weaning diarrhea and enterotoxaemia in weaned piglets, through verocytotoxic O138 Escherichia coli challenge, with a multidisciplinary approach...

The analysis techniques and the corresponding software suite GRITI (General Resource for Ionospheric Transient Investigations) are described. GRITI was used to develop the Dinsmore et al. [2] results, which found a novel classification of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) called semi-coherent ionospheric pulsing structures (SCIPS). The any-geographic range (local-to-global), any-azimuth angle keogram algorithm used to analyze SCIPS in that work is detailed. The keogram algorithm in GRITI is applied to detrended vTEC (vertical Total Electron Content) data, called delta-vTEC herein, in Dinsmore et al...

The Republic of Ireland regularly reports the highest annual crude incidence rates of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) enteritis in the European Union, ≈10 times the average. We investigated spatiotemporal patterns of STEC enteritis in Ireland using multiple statistical tools. Overall, we georeferenced 2,755 cases of infection during January 2013-December 2017; we found >1 case notified in 2,340 (12.6%) of 18,641 Census Small Areas. We encountered the highest case numbers in children 0-5 years of age (n = 1,101, 39...

Pathogenic strains of E.coli and Salmonella are common causes of foodborne illness and have been frequently isolated from inadequately heat-treated milk products in Mansoura city. The current study was performed to explore the prevalence of E.coli and Salmonella spp. in heattreated milk products intended for consumption in Mansoura university hospitals and hostels, as well as, to investigate their serotypes and virulence potential. Seventyfive samples of heat-treated milk products (Soft cheese, yoghurt, and processed cheese, 25 of each) were randomly gathered and directed to further investigation using conventional and molecular microbiology...

In risk-based meat safety assurance system, the use of interventions is intended to accomplish the meat safety targets on chilled carcasses, particularly in situations when an abattoir is unable to sufficiently reduce risks arising from specific farms/animal batches by using process hygiene alone. Furthermore, interventions are considered whenever food safety authorities identify meat production processes associated with high risks for consumers. This paper overviews the role of beef interventions in a risk-based, meat safety assurance system...

Intestinal perforation is an uncommon complication and presentation of verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) infection in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). The common site of perforation from VTEC infection is in the colon (and almost exclusively in the pediatric population), whereas PWS is in the stomach. Terminal ileum perforation is uncommon and is not reported in either these 2 conditions. We report a death from terminal ileum perforations in an adult who had PWS and was infected with VTEC...

Globally, it is estimated that there are 2 billion cases of diarrhoeal disease each year, with 525,000 children under the age of 5 years, dying from diarrhoea. This also affects 1 in 5 people in the UK each year. Rapid diagnosis, appropriate treatment and infection control measures are, therefore, particularly important. Currently, Public Health Wales and England Microbiology Division test for five key bacterial gastrointestinal pathogens, i.e. Escherichia coli O157 (VTEC), Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella spp...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of Salmonella spp., Verotoxigenic E. Coli (VTEC) and enumerate E. coli in shellfish ( Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus ) collected before and after depuration from two class B harvesting areas located in Sardinia (Italy). All the samples were analyzed for Salmonella spp. detection according to European Commission Regulation (EC) 2073/2005 and examined using the five tube Most-Probable-Number (MPN) method for enumeration of E. coli in accordance with the European Union reference method ISO 16649-3:2015...

Background and Aim: Cattle are the main reservoir of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC); therefore, there is an increased risk of infection to humans by either direct or indirect mode of transmissions. However, the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in the healthy cattle population of India is yet to be ascertained. This study aimed to screen the dairy cattle in and around Pune, Maharashtra, India, for verotoxin-producing E. coli O157:H7. Materials and Methods: A total of 257 rectal swabs were collected from 15 different organized and unorganized dairy farms of Pune during the period, January-March 2015...