keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521028/pcdh19-clustering-epilepsy-pathophysiology-and-clinical-significance
#1
REVIEW
Safoura Kowkabi, Majid Yavarian, Reza Kaboodkhani, Mahmood Mohammadi, Reza Shervin Badv
PCDH19 clustering epilepsy (PCDH19-CE) is an X-linked epilepsy disorder associated with intellectual disability (ID) and behavioral disturbances, which is caused by PCDH19 gene variants. PCDH19 pathogenic variant leads to epilepsy in heterozygous females, not in hemizygous males and the inheritance pattern is unusual. The hypothesis of cellular interference was described as a key pathogenic mechanism. According to that, males do not develop the disease because of the uniform expression of PCDH19 (variant or wild type) unless they have a somatic variation...
March 22, 2024: Epilepsy & Behavior: E&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518768/spatially-resolved-proteomics-of-the-arabidopsis-stomatal-lineage-identifies-polarity-complexes-for-cell-divisions-and-stomatal-pores
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva-Sophie Wallner, Andrea Mair, Dominik Handler, Claire McWhite, Shou-Ling Xu, Liam Dolan, Dominique C Bergmann
Cell polarity is used to guide asymmetric divisions and create morphologically diverse cells. We find that two oppositely oriented cortical polarity domains present during the asymmetric divisions in the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage are reconfigured into polar domains marking ventral (pore-forming) and outward-facing domains of maturing stomatal guard cells. Proteins that define these opposing polarity domains were used as baits in miniTurboID-based proximity labeling. Among differentially enriched proteins, we find kinases, putative microtubule-interacting proteins, and polar SOSEKIs with their effector ANGUSTIFOLIA...
March 18, 2024: Developmental Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513608/arabidopsis-ribosomal-rna-processing-meerling-mutants-exhibit-suspensor-derived-polyembryony-due-to-direct-reprogramming-of-the-suspensor
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Honglei Wang, Luca Santuari, Tristan Wijsman, Guy Wachsman, Hannah Haase, Michael Nodine, Ben Scheres, Renze Heidstra
Embryo development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) starts off with an asymmetric division of the zygote to generate the precursors of the embryo proper and the supporting extraembryonic suspensor. The suspensor degenerates as the development of the embryo proper proceeds beyond the heart stage. Until the globular stage, the suspensor maintains embryonic potential and can form embryos in the absence of the developing embryo proper. We report a mutant called meerling-1 (mrl-1), which shows a high penetrance of suspensor-derived polyembryony due to delayed development of the embryo proper...
March 21, 2024: Plant Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509005/significance-of-zo-1-an-intercellular-adhesion-molecule-as-a-prognostic-marker-in-lung-adenocarcinoma
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takaaki Tsuboi, Tomohiko Matsuzaki, Susumu Takekoshi, Kei Nakano, Kie Shioyama, Tomoki Higeta, Kazuhiro Matsuo, Takashi Ishihara, Masaya Ohara, Kenei Nakazato, Ryota Masuda, Masayuki Iwazaki
In epithelial tissues, intercellular adhesion structures are formed between adjacent cells via intercellular adhesion factors, such as zonula occludens (ZO-1), to maintain the structure and function of tissues and organs, thereby contributing to homeostasis. Epithelial cells are polarized into apical and basal regions by tight junctions (TJs), a type of intercellular adhesion structure, and thus, their intracellular organelles are asymmetrically distributed. Normal epithelial cells maintain their cellular function by controlling cytoskeletal reorganization, motility, and division by maintaining asymmetry in their intracellular organelles...
April 20, 2024: Tokai Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505394/modulating-cell-proliferation-by-asymmetric-division-a-conserved-pattern-in-the-early-embryogenesis-of-nematode-species
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guoye Guan, Ce Luo, Lei-Han Tang, Chao Tang
In the early stage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis, the zygote divides asymmetrically into a symmetric fast lineage and an asymmetric slow lineage, producing 16 and 8 cells respectively almost at the same time, followed by the onset of gastrulation. It was recently reported that this cell division pattern is optimal for rapid cell proliferation. In this work, we compare the cell lineages of 9 nematode species, revealing that this pattern is conserved for >60 million years. It further suggests that such lineage design has an important functional role and it might speed up embryonic development in the nematode kingdom, not limited to C...
2024: microPublication. Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502707/cell-division-machinery-drives-cell-specific-gene-activation-during-differentiation-in-bacillus-subtilis
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sylvia Chareyre, Xuesong Li, Brandon R Anjuwon-Foster, Taylor B Updegrove, Sarah Clifford, Anna P Brogan, Yijun Su, Lixia Zhang, Jiji Chen, Hari Shroff, Kumaran S Ramamurthi
When faced with starvation, the bacterium Bacillus subtilis transforms itself into a dormant cell type called a "spore". Sporulation initiates with an asymmetric division event, which requires the relocation of the core divisome components FtsA and FtsZ, after which the sigma factor σF is exclusively activated in the smaller daughter cell. Compartment-specific activation of σF requires the SpoIIE phosphatase, which displays a biased localization on one side of the asymmetric division septum and associates with the structural protein DivIVA, but the mechanism by which this preferential localization is achieved is unclear...
March 26, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495874/asymmetric-t-cell-division-insights-from-cutting-edge-experimental-techniques-and-implications-for-immunotherapy
#7
REVIEW
Yaroslav Kaminskiy, Irina Ganeeva, Vitaly Chasov, Anna Kudriaeva, Emil Bulatov
Asymmetric cell division is a fundamental process conserved throughout evolution, employed by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Its significance lies in its ability to govern cell fate and facilitate the generation of diverse cell types. Therefore, attaining a detailed mechanistic understanding of asymmetric cell division becomes essential for unraveling the complexities of cell fate determination in both healthy and pathological conditions. However, the role of asymmetric division in T-cell biology has only recently been unveiled...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488018/temporally-distinct-roles-of-aurora-a-in-polarization-of-the-c-elegans-zygote
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia I Manzi, Bailey N de Jesus, Yu Shi, Daniel J Dickinson
During asymmetric cell division, cell polarity is coordinated with the cell cycle to allow proper inheritance of cell fate determinants and generation of cellular diversity. In the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) zygote, polarity is governed by evolutionarily conserved Partitioning-defective (PAR) proteins that segregate to opposing cortical domains to specify asymmetric cell fates. Timely establishment of PAR domains requires a cell cycle kinase, Aurora A (AIR-1 in C. elegans). Aurora A depletion by RNAi causes a spectrum of phenotypes including reversed polarity, excess posterior domains, and no posterior domain...
March 15, 2024: Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467648/lipoarabinomannan-mediates-localized-cell-wall-integrity-during-division-in-mycobacteria
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian L Sparks, Takehiro Kado, Malavika Prithviraj, Japinder Nijjer, Jing Yan, Yasu S Morita
The growth and division of mycobacteria, which include clinically relevant pathogens, deviate from that of canonical bacterial models. Despite their Gram-positive ancestry, mycobacteria synthesize and elongate a diderm envelope asymmetrically from the poles, with the old pole elongating more robustly than the new pole. The phosphatidylinositol-anchored lipoglycans lipomannan (LM) and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) are cell envelope components critical for host-pathogen interactions, but their physiological functions in mycobacteria remained elusive...
March 11, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466184/manipulation-of-the-nuclear-envelope-associated-protein-slap-during-mammalian-brain-development-affects-cortical-lamination-and-exploratory-behavior
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan Mestres, Azra Atabay, Joan-Carles Escolano, Solveig Arndt, Klara Schmidtke, Maximilian Einsiedel, Melina Patsonis, Lizbeth Airais Bolaños-Castro, Maximina Yun, Nadine Bernhardt, Anna Taubenberger, Federico Calegari
Here, we report the first characterization of the effects resulting from the manipulation of Soluble-Lamin Associated Protein (SLAP) expression during mammalian brain development. We found that SLAP localizes to the nuclear envelope and when overexpressed causes changes in nuclear morphology and lengthening of mitosis. SLAP overexpression in apical progenitors of the developing mouse brain altered asymmetric cell division, neurogenic commitment and neuronal migration ultimately resulting in unbalance in the proportion of upper, relative to deeper, neuronal layers...
March 1, 2024: Biology Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465513/the-drosophila-neuroblast-polarity-cycle-at-a-glance
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rhiannon R Penkert, Bryce LaFoya, Lucille Moholt-Siebert, Elizabeth Vargas, Sarah E Welch, Kenneth E Prehoda
Drosophila neural stem cells, or neuroblasts, rapidly proliferate during embryonic and larval development to populate the central nervous system. Neuroblasts divide asymmetrically to create cellular diversity, with each division producing one sibling cell that retains the neuroblast fate and another that differentiates into glia or neurons. This asymmetric outcome is mediated by the transient polarization of numerous factors to the cell cortex during mitosis. The powerful genetics and outstanding imaging tractability of the neuroblast make it an excellent model system for studying the mechanisms of cell polarity...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Cell Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459238/planctoellipticum-variicoloris-gen-nov-sp-nov-a-novel-member-of-the-family-planctomycetaceae-isolated-from-wastewater-of-the-aeration-lagoon-of-a-sugar-processing-plant-in-northern-germany
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carmen E Wurzbacher, Tom Haufschild, Jonathan Hammer, Muriel C F van Teeseling, Nicolai Kallscheuer, Christian Jogler
In the present study, we characterise a strain isolated from the wastewater aeration lagoon of a sugar processing plant in Schleswig (Northern Germany) by Heinz Schlesner. As a pioneer in planctomycetal research, he isolated numerous strains belonging to the phylum Planctomycetota from aquatic habitats around the world. Phylogenetic analyses show that strain SH412T belongs to the family Planctomycetaceae and shares with 91.6% the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Planctopirus limnophila DSM 3776T ...
March 8, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457060/initiation-of-cancer-the-journey-from-mutations-in-somatic-cells-to-epigenetic-changes-in-tissue-resident-vsels
#13
REVIEW
Deepa Bhartiya, Sherif Raouf, Kshama Pansare, Anish Tripathi, Ashish Tripathi
Multiple theories exist to explain cancer initiation, although a consensus on this is crucial for developing effective therapies. 'Somatic mutation theory' suggests that mutations in somatic cells during DNA repair initiates cancer but this concept has several attached paradoxes. Research efforts to identify quiescent cancer stem cells (CSCs) that survive therapy and result in metastasis and recurrence have remained futile. In solid cancers, CSCs are suggested to appear during epithelial-mesenchymal transition by the dedifferentiation and reprogramming of epithelial cells...
March 8, 2024: Stem cell reviews and reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456491/mitf-regulates-the-subcellular-location-of-hif1%C3%AE-through-sumoylation-to-promote-the-invasion-and-metastasis-of-daughter-cells-derived-from-polyploid-giant-cancer-cells
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minying Zheng, Shifeng Tian, Xinyue Zhou, Man Yan, Mingming Zhou, Yongjun Yu, Yue Zhang, Xiaorui Wang, Na Li, Li Ren, Shiwu Zhang
High concentrations of cobalt chloride (CoCl2 ) can induce the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) in various tumors, which can produce daughter cells with strong proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities via asymmetric division. To study the role of hypoxia‑inducible factor (HIF) 1α in the formation of PGCCs, colon cancer cell lines Hct116 and LoVo were used as experimental subjects. Western blotting, nuclear and cytoplasmic protein extraction and immunocytochemical experiments were used to compare the changes in the expression and subcellular localization of HIF1α, microphthalmia‑associated transcription factor (MITF), protein inhibitor of activated STAT protein 4 (PIAS4) and von Hippel‑Lindau disease tumor suppressor (VHL) after treatment with CoCl2 ...
May 2024: Oncology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454557/left-right-myosin-is-myosin1c-and-myosin1d-exhibit-distinct-single-molecule-behaviors-on-the-plasma-membrane-of-drosophila-macrophages
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sosuke Utsunomiya, Kazutoshi Takebayashi, Asuka Yamaguchi, Takeshi Sasamura, Mikiko Inaki, Masahiro Ueda, Kenji Matsuno
Left-right (LR) asymmetry is crucial for animal development, particularly in Drosophila where LR-asymmetric morphogenesis of organs hinges on cellular-level chirality, termed cell chirality. In this species, two class I myosins, Myosin1D (Myo1D), and Myosin1C (Myo1C), respectively determine dextral (wild type) and sinistral (mirror image) cell chirality. Previous studies demonstrated Myo1D's ability to propel F-actin in leftward circles during in vitro gliding assays, suggesting its mechanochemical role in defining dextral chirality...
March 7, 2024: Genes to Cells: Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451606/stimulation-of-mouse-hematopoietic-stem-cells-by-angiogenin-and-dna-preparations
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E A Potter, E V Dolgova, A S Proskurina, V S Ruzanova, Y R Efremov, S S Kirikovich, S G Oshikhmina, A L Mamaev, O S Taranov, A S Bryukhovetskiy, L U Grivtsova, N A Kolchanov, A A Ostanin, E R Chernykh, S S Bogachev
Immature hematopoietic progenitors are a constant source for renewal of hemocyte populations and the basic component of the tissue and cell repair apparatus. A unique property of these cells of internalizing extracellular double-stranded DNA has been previously shown. The leukostimulatory effect demonstrated in our pioneering studies was considered to be due to the feature of this cell. In the present research, we have analyzed the effects of DNA genome reconstructor preparation (DNAgr), DNAmix, and human recombinant angiogenin on both hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors...
2024: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436556/polarity-establishment-in-the-plant-zygote-at-a-glance
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hikari Matsumoto, Minako Ueda
The complex structures of multicellular organisms originate from a unicellular zygote. In most angiosperms, including Arabidopsis thaliana, the zygote is distinctly polar and divides asymmetrically to produce an apical cell, which generates the aboveground part of the plant body, and a basal cell, which generates the root tip and extraembryonic suspensor. Thus, zygote polarity is pivotal for establishing the apical-basal axis running from the shoot apex to the root tip of the plant body. The molecular mechanisms and spatiotemporal dynamics behind zygote polarization remain elusive...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Cell Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431281/the-contribution-of-an-x-chromosome-qtl-to-non-mendelian-inheritance-and-unequal-chromosomal-segregation-in-a-freiburgense
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Talal Al-Yazeedi, Sally Adams, Sophie Tandonnet, Anisa Turner, Jun Kim, Junho Lee, Andre Pires-daSilva
Auanema freiburgense is a nematode with males, females, and selfing hermaphrodites. When XO males mate with XX females, they typically produce a low proportion of XO offspring because they eliminate nullo-X spermatids. This process ensures that most sperm carry an X chromosome, increasing the likelihood of X chromosome transmission compared to random segregation. This occurs because of an unequal distribution of essential cellular organelles during sperm formation, likely dependent on the X chromosome. Some sperm components are selectively segregated into the X chromosome's daughter cell, while others are discarded with the nullo-X daughter cell...
March 2, 2024: Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427023/minimalist-tetrazine-n-acetyl-muramic-acid-probes-for-rapid-and-efficient-labeling-of-commensal-and-pathogenic-peptidoglycans-in-living-bacterial-culture-and-during-macrophage-invasion
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashlyn S Hillman, Stephen N Hyland, Kimberly A Wodzanowski, DeVonte L Moore, Sushanta Ratna, Andrew Jemas, Liam-Michael D Sandles, Timothy Chaya, Arit Ghosh, Joseph M Fox, Catherine L Grimes
N -Acetyl muramic acid (NAM) probes containing alkyne or azide groups are commonly used to investigate aspects of cell wall synthesis because of their small size and ability to incorporate into bacterial peptidoglycan (PG). However, copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions are not compatible with live cells, and strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reaction rates are modest and, therefore, not as desirable for tracking the temporal alterations of bacterial cell growth, remodeling, and division...
March 1, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425909/synthesis-and-evaluation-of-bis-benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline-alkaloids-as-antiparasitic-agents
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Sozanschi, Hannah Asiki, Maiara Amaral, Erica V de Castro Levatti, Andre G Tempone, Richard J Wheeler, Edward A Anderson
Visceral leishmaniasis and Chagas disease are neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that severely impact the developing world. With current therapies suffering from poor efficacy and safety profiles as well as emerging resistance, new drug leads are direly needed. In this work, 26 alkaloids (9 natural and 17 synthetic) belonging to the benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline (BI) family were evaluated against both the pro/trypomastigote and amastigote forms of the parasites Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi , the causative agents of these diseases...
February 26, 2024: JACS Au
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