hypomenorrhoea

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome is an uncommon combined müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs) and mesonephric duct malformation of female urogenital tract characterized by uterus didelphys and obstructed hemi-vagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome. We present a rare and unusual case of this syndrome in a 19 year-old female who suffered from hypomenorrhoea and abdominal pain. She had an obstructed hemi-vagina on right side which led to marked distention of ipsilateral cervix, while proximal hemi-vagina compressed the contralateral side causing its partial obstruction resulting in hypomenorrhoea...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to evaluate menstrual and reproductive outcome in patients diagnosed with Asherman's syndrome on hysteroscopy and to assess the role of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. METHODS: A prospective study was performed for patients having intrauterine adhesion at a tertiary care teaching hospital, Indore, India for a period of 2 years. Findings at hysteroscopy, details of adhesiolysis, changes in menstrual pattern following adhesiolysis, need for repeat procedure and fertility outcome were prospectively collected...

INTRODUCTION: Menstrual irregularities affect 2-5% of childbearing women, a number that is considerably higher among females under constant stress during a cycle. AIM: To study the effect of perceived stress on cycle length, regularity and dysmenorrhoea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 female undergraduate students of a medical college. A questionnaire along with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) was provided to the students...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hysteroscopic endometrial ablation on the ovarian and uterine artery blood flow and on follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and oestradiol (E2) levels. A total of 26 consecutive women with abnormal uterine bleeding refractory to medical treatment had undergone hysteroscopic electrosurgical transcervical resection of the endometrium (TCRE). Ultrasonographic measurement of ovarian volumes and colour Doppler flow assessment of the uterine and ovarian arteries were performed on all patients before surgery (group 1) and 1 week (group 2) and 6 months (group 3) after surgery...

INTRODUCTION: The search for an ideal contraceptive device most suited for women of developing countries with anemia poses a challenge. AIM: This study was conducted to compare the effects of levonorgestrel releasing (LNG) and copper releasing (Cu T) intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) on body iron stores and menstrual bleeding patterns. METHODS: Hundred women desiring contraception were divided into two groups of fifty each where either LNG or Cu T 200 IUCD was inserted...

BACKGROUND: Hysteroscopic adhesiolysis is shown to significantly improve the outcome of intrauterine adhesions (IUA). The Minimally Invasive Surgical Unit (MISU) of our Department recently acquired a hysteroscope which is being used for hysteroscopic adhesiolysis among others. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 57 patients diagnosed to have IUA of which 54 case notes were available for analysis, giving a retrieval rate of 95%. The information extracted includes age, parity, and menstrual pattern, predisposing factors, treatment option, outcome, complications and the year of the procedure...

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a clinical diagnosis. During one year period, 50 women suffering from PCOS were treated with either 850 mg/twice daily or 500 mg/thrice daily along with clomiphene citrate and/or letrozole, with advice for exercise and dietary therapy. Diagnosis of the PCOS patients was made by the presence of two out of the following three criteria: (a) oligo and/or anovulation, (b) hyperandrogenism (clinical and/or biochemical), and (c) polycystic ovaries, with the exclusion of other aetiologies...

Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) or Asherman's syndrome is a multifaceted condition which is being diagnosed with increasing frequency. Although it usually occurs following curettage of the pregnant or recently pregnant uterus, any uterine surgery can lead to IUA. Most women with IUA have amenorrhoea or hypomenorrhoea, but some have normal menses. Those who have amenorrhoea may also have cyclic pelvic pain secondary to 'trapped' menses and the accompanying retrograde menstruation may lead to endometriosis. In addition to menstrual disorders, most women with IUA will present with infertility or recurrent spontaneous abortion...

BACKGROUND: Intrauterine adhesion is a cause of menstrual disorder and reproductive failure. It could be a long term sequelae of unsafe abortion which is a common reproductive health problem in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predisposing factors, mode of presentation and outcome of management of intrauterine adhesion in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. METHODS: The record of patients with intrauterine adhesion newly diagnosed and managed in the Hospital over a five-year period was analyzed for their age, parity, predisposing factors, clinical presentation, methods of diagnosis and treatment outcome...

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the association between genital endometrial tuberculosis and Asherman's syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 28 women who underwent hysteroscopy with or without laparoscopy for suspected Asherman's syndrome from symptoms (amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea, and or primary or secondary infertility) and who were found to have genital tuberculosis on endometrial biopsy (histopathology or culture) or positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on endometrial aspirate or positive findings of tuberculosis on laparoscopy or hysteroscopy were enrolled in this retrospective study...

This study prospectively evaluated the impact of transcervical resection of endometrium (TCRE) on uterine and ovarian haemodynamics. The study group comprised 35 women with abnormal (excessive) uterine bleeding who underwent TCRE. The patients were examined by transvaginal colour Doppler ultrasonography 1-4 days prior to operation, and then 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-operatively, to measure resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index from uterine, arcuate, radial and ovarian arteries. Thirty-five patients were followed up for 1 year after TCRE...

The purpose of the present audit was to assess the effectiveness and safety of thermal balloon ablation of the endometrium for the treatment of menorrhagia and also to assess patients' satisfaction following the treatment. A total of 50 women successfully underwent endometrial ablation using the Thermachoice balloon system for the treatment of menorrhagia at Caerphilly Miners' District Hospital, Caerphilly, South Wales, UK in the period between September 2000 and December 2002. All cases were performed under a general anaesthetic...

The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of day-case Cavaterm plus thermal balloon endometrial ablation in the treatment of therapy-resistant menorrhagia. The study included 220 patients with a mean age of 41 years, mean parity of 2.1 and mean duration of menorrhagia of 3.2 years. A 6-mm diameter Cavaterm plus catheter with a silicone balloon at its tip was used. The ablation time was 10 minutes at a temperature of 78 degrees C. No procedure-related operative or immediate postoperative complications were encountered...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, indication, and complication of microwave endometrial ablation (MEA) in treating abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). METHODS: One hundred and sixty-eight women with AUB due to benign causes received MEA treatment. Pre-operative endometrial thinning was carried out using uterine curettage. Then, the applicator radiating microwaves was moved by progressive withdrawal as well as "W" shape motion inside uterine cavity. All the patients were followed-up...

BACKGROUND: Endometrial ablation has recently gained popularity as a treatment of menorrhagia in the general population. In the von Willebrand disease (VWD) patient, intuitively, it would appear that the failure rate would be higher because of the underlying hypocoaguability increasing the likelihood for re-bleeding. In a consecutive series of seven patients, we assessed the efficacy and safety of endometrial ablation in VWD-related menorrhagia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis using chart review and a 21-item questionnaire administered to seven (six type 1, one type 2A) women who underwent endometrial ablation between the years 1997 and 2001...

This study aims to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and define one of the indicators of successful outcome of endometrial resections. The study was carried out in a district general hospital setting. This was a retrospective analysis of 54 consecutive women who underwent endometrial resection over a 5-year period. Three (5.5%) complications were noted. Two were primary haemorrhage and one was a postoperative vaginal discharge. Eighty per cent of the patients expressed satisfaction with the outcome of their treatment...

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of the Cavaterm thermal balloon endometrial ablation system with the Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Minimal access gynaecological surgery unit in a district general hospital. POPULATION: Seventy-two women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding requesting conservative surgical management of their condition...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of danazol pretreatment in women undergoing endometrial resection for dysfunctional uterine bleeding. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 132 patients were randomly divided into danazol pretreated and untreated groups. Endometrial resection was carried out using a 24Fr cutting wire loop electrode and 1.5% glycine as the distension media. Patients were followed-up for 6 years. The t-test and Chi-square tests were used to test differences between the two groups...

Forty patients due to undergo endometrial ablation as a treatment for dysfunctional uterine bleeding were recruited to assess the efficacy and safety of endometrial laser intrauterine thermo-therapy using the gynelase. At 12 months the average menstrual score reduction was 88%, the amenorrhoea rate was 70%, and the hypomenorrhoea rate 16%. Four women (10%) have had a hysterectomy for persistent menorrhagia, and one (3%) for pelvic pain. One patient (3%) has had a further endometrial laser ablation. There were no major complications...