keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36635700/addressing-systemic-problems-with-exposure-assessments-to-protect-the-public-s-health
#21
REVIEW
Laura N Vandenberg, Swati D G Rayasam, Daniel A Axelrad, Deborah H Bennett, Phil Brown, Courtney C Carignan, Nicholas Chartres, Miriam L Diamond, Rashmi Joglekar, Bhavna Shamasunder, Kristin Shrader-Frechette, Wilma A Subra, Ken Zarker, Tracey J Woodruff
BACKGROUND: Understanding, characterizing, and quantifying human exposures to environmental chemicals is critical to protect public health. Exposure assessments are key to determining risks to the general population and for specific subpopulations given that exposures differ between groups. Exposure data are also important for understanding where interventions, including public policies, should be targeted and the extent to which interventions have been successful. In this review, we aim to show how inadequacies in exposure assessments conducted by polluting industries or regulatory agencies have led to downplaying or disregarding exposure concerns raised by communities; that underestimates of exposure can lead regulatory agencies to conclude that unacceptable risks are, instead, acceptable, allowing pollutants to go unregulated; and that researchers, risk assessors, and policy makers need to better understand the issues that have affected exposure assessments and how appropriate use of exposure data can contribute to health-protective decisions...
January 12, 2023: Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36604530/%C3%A2-restoration-and-coral-adaptation-delay-but-do-not-prevent-climate-driven-reef-framework-erosion-of-an-inshore-site-in-the-florida-keys
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice E Webb, Ian C Enochs, Ruben van Hooidonk, René M van Westen, Nicole Besemer, Graham Kolodziej, T Shay Viehman, Derek P Manzello
For reef framework to persist, calcium carbonate production by corals and other calcifiers needs to outpace loss due to physical, chemical, and biological erosion. This balance is both delicate and dynamic and is currently threatened by the effects of ocean warming and acidification. Although the protection and recovery of ecosystem functions are at the center of most restoration and conservation programs, decision makers are limited by the lack of predictive tools to forecast habitat persistence under different emission scenarios...
January 5, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36542605/close-to-open-factors-that-hinder-and-promote-open-science-in-ecology-research-and-education
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian B Strømme, A Kelly Lane, Aud H Halbritter, Elizabeth Law, Chloe R Nater, Erlend B Nilsen, Grace D Boutouli, Dagmar D Egelkraut, Richard J Telford, Vigdis Vandvik, Sehoya H Cotner
The Open Science (OS) movement is rapidly gaining traction among policy-makers, research funders, scientific journals and individual scientists. Despite these tendencies, the pace of implementing OS throughout the scientific process and across the scientific community remains slow. Thus, a better understanding of the conditions that affect OS engagement, and in particular, of how practitioners learn, use, conduct and share research openly can guide those seeking to implement OS more broadly. We surveyed participants at an OS workshop hosted by the Living Norway Ecological Data Network in 2020 to learn how they perceived OS and its importance in their research, supervision and teaching...
2022: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36425516/can-genomic-research-make-a-useful-contribution-to-social-policy
#24
REVIEW
Kathryn Asbury, Tom McBride, Rosie Bawn
As genetic research into outcomes beyond health gathers pace, largely through the use of genome-wide association studies, interest from policy-makers has grown. In the last year, two UK reports have explored the policy implications of genomic research, one from the UK Government Office for Science and one from the Early Intervention Foundation. In this article, we explore areas of consensus between these two reports and use them to propose priorities for policy-makers as we prepare for what some have termed a 'genetic revolution'...
November 2022: Royal Society Open Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36323970/ground-level-ozone-in-the-mekong-delta-region-precursors-meteorological-factors-and-regional-transport
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Long Ta Bui, Phong Hoang Nguyen
The Mekong Delta region (MDR), also known as Vietnam's rice bowl, produced a bountiful harvest of about 23.8 million tons in 2020, accounting for 55.7% of the country's total production, providing food security for 20% of the world population. With the rapid pace of industrialisation and urbanisation, the concentration of ozone in the lower atmosphere has risen to a level that reduces crop yields, especially rice, and is therefore the subject of research. This study aims to simulate the spatiotemporal distribution of ground-level ozone in the area and evaluate the impact of precursor emissions and meteorological factors on the spatiotemporal distributions of ozone concentrations...
November 3, 2022: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36311185/rapid-evaluation-of-covid-19-related-service-and-practice-changes-in-health-and-human-services-using-tailored-methods
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eleanor Williams, Milbert Gawaya, Desiree Terrill
The COVID-19 pandemic required substantive delivery and practice changes for government services under tight timeframes and high public scrutiny. These urgently implemented service changes provided the opportunity for evaluators to support decision-makers to understand the impact of adaptations for those delivering and receiving health and human services. Tailored rapid evaluation methods (REM) provide a pragmatic approach to generating timely information for evidence-based policy and decision-making under these conditions...
2022: Frontiers in sociology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36290164/researchers-and-their-experimental-models-a-pilot-survey-in-the-context-of-the-european-union-health-and-life-science-research
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorenzo Del Pace, Laura Viviani, Marco Straccia
A significant debate is ongoing on the effectiveness of animal experimentation, due to the increasing reports of failure in the translation of results from preclinical animal experiments to human patients. Scientific, ethical, social and economic considerations linked to the use of animals raise concerns in a variety of societal contributors (regulators, policy makers, non-governmental organisations, industry, etc.). The aim of this study was to record researchers' voices about their vision on this science evolution, to reconstruct as truthful as possible an image of the reality of health and life science research, by using a key instrument in the hands of the researcher: the experimental models...
October 14, 2022: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36207558/inefficient-diastolic-filling-in-dual-chamber-pacemaker-recipients-impact-of-atrio-ventricular-interval-shortening-avi-short-study
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Damia Pereferrer, Axel Sarrias, Raquel Adeliño, Felipe Bisbal, Júlia Aranyó, Nuria Vallejo, Roger Villuendas, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Victor Bazan
BACKGROUND: Adequate synchronization between the passive ("E") and active ("a") left ventricular (LV) diastolic filling contributes to the efficiency of the heartbeat. E/a superposition in dual-chamber pacemaker (PM) recipients is an under-recognized phenomenon that may be corrected by shortening the atrio-ventricular interval (AVI). We aimed at establishing the prevalence of E/a superposition in PM patients and to analyze the clinical, echocardiographic, and biological impact of AVI shortening...
October 8, 2022: Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology: An International Journal of Arrhythmias and Pacing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36181783/propensity-weighted-comparison-of-conventional-stented-and-rapid-deployment-aortic-bioprostheses
#29
REVIEW
Augusto D'Onofrio, Giorgia Cibin, Giulia Lorenzoni, Chiara Tessari, Olimpia Bifulco, Valentina Lombardi, Emma Bergonzoni, Giuseppe Evangelista, Rita Pesce, Pierpaolo Taffarello, Lorenzo Longinotti, Matteo Ponzoni, Dario Gregori, Gino Gerosa
OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study was to compare early clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of Intuity and ME bioprostheses. METHODS: A propensity score weighting approach was performed. Preoperative variables were defined according to EuroSCORE criteria and postoperative complications according to VARC-2 definitions. RESULTS: We evaluated 375 patients who underwent SAVR with the two study devices. Intuity and ME were implanted in 252 (67.2%) and in 123 (32...
September 28, 2022: Current Problems in Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36158404/pacemaker-failure-to-capture-caused-by-electrocautery-a-rare-pacemaker-pulse-generator-change-complication
#30
Aman Qureshi, Intisar Ahmed, Aamir H Khan
In the advent of increasing benefits of cardiac devices, more and more implants are being done. Pacing devices reaching the end of service need to be changed. The use of electrocautery (EC) to maintain hemostasis during cardiac device implantation is efficient and safe. Device makers have variable recommendations for the use of EC. Generally, considered safe, EC has been rarely known to cause device failure. We describe a case of a dual-chamber device, pulse generator change, where EC caused a sudden, unexpected loss of pacing function that lasted for 30 seconds...
August 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36150782/an-evaluation-of-prospective-covid-19-modelling-studies-in-the-usa-from-data-to-science-translation
#31
REVIEW
Kristen Nixon, Sonia Jindal, Felix Parker, Nicholas G Reich, Kimia Ghobadi, Elizabeth C Lee, Shaun Truelove, Lauren Gardner
Infectious disease modelling can serve as a powerful tool for situational awareness and decision support for policy makers. However, COVID-19 modelling efforts faced many challenges, from poor data quality to changing policy and human behaviour. To extract practical insight from the large body of COVID-19 modelling literature available, we provide a narrative review with a systematic approach that quantitatively assessed prospective, data-driven modelling studies of COVID-19 in the USA. We analysed 136 papers, and focused on the aspects of models that are essential for decision makers...
October 2022: The Lancet. Digital health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36081333/experiences-of-nurses-working-in-racfs-and-eds-utilising-visual-telehealth-consultation-to-assess-the-need-for-racf-resident-transfer-to-ed-a-qualitative-descriptive-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carla Sunner, Michelle Therese Giles, Ashley Kable, Maralyn Foureur
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore whether an intervention using visual telehealth improves care outcomes for residents in residential aged care facilities during acute illness events from the perspective of the nurses from residential aged care facilities and emergency departments. The intervention was the addition of visual telehealth, to an already existing outreach service called Aged Care Emergency. BACKGROUND: Older people who are residents of residential aged care facilities commonly experience potentially avoidable visits and hospitalisations...
September 8, 2022: Journal of Clinical Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36027271/short-term-evaluation-of-left-ventricular-function-following-dual-chamber-pacemaker-a-speckle-tracking-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fahad Abdulrahman
OBJECTIVE: Background:In 2012 the consensus issued by both the American College of Cardiology & Foundation Heart RhythmSociety Recommend the use of Dual Chamber Pace maker instead of Single chamber pace maker for patients withSinus Node dysfunction. Restoration of atrioventricular synchrony in patient with sinus node dysfunction orAtrioventricular block representing a new era in electrical therapy. the focus on normal physiology led to the nearly universal application of dual-chamber pacing to restore atrioventricular (AV) synchrony in patients with sinus rhythm...
June 1, 2022: Journal of Hypertension
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35977324/projecting-covid-19-mortality-as-states-relax-nonpharmacologic-interventions
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin P Linas, Jade Xiao, Ozden O Dalgic, Peter P Mueller, Madeline Adee, Alec Aaron, Turgay Ayer, Jagpreet Chhatwal
Importance: A key question for policy makers and the public is what to expect from the COVID-19 pandemic going forward as states lift nonpharmacologic interventions (NPIs), such as indoor mask mandates, to prevent COVID-19 transmission. Objective: To project COVID-19 deaths between March 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, in each of the 50 US states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico assuming different dates of lifting of mask mandates and NPIs. Design Setting and Participants: This simulation modeling study used the COVID-19 Policy Simulator compartmental model to project COVID-19 deaths from March 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, using simulated populations in the 50 US states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico...
April 2022: JAMA health forum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35925920/economic-complexity-of-cities-and-its-role-for-resilience
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Athanasios Lapatinas, Anastasia Litina, Konstantinos Poulios
The aim of the paper is to propose the construction of an index that captures the economic complexity of cities over the globe, as well as to explore whether it is a good predictor for a range of city-level economic outcomes. This index aspires to mitigate data scarcity for cities and to provide policy makers with the tools for monitoring the evolving role of cities in the global economy. Analytically, we implement the economic complexity methodology on data for the ownership, location and economic activities of the world's 3,000 largest firms and their subsidiaries to propose a new indicator that quantifies the network of the largest cities worldwide and the economic activities of their globalized firms...
2022: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35844884/understanding-covid-19-vaccine-hesitancy-in-ethnic-minorities-groups-in-the-uk
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maryam Naqvi, Lan Li, Michael Woodrow, Punam Yadav, Patty Kostkova
COVID-19 vaccines have been developed and administered at record pace in order to curtail the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy has impacted uptake unequally across different groups. This study explores the drivers for vaccine hesitancy in ethnic minority groups in the UK, the impact of social media on vaccine hesitancy and how vaccine hesitancy may be overcome. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted, coded and thematically analyzed with participants from ethnic minority groups in the UK who identified as vaccine hesitant...
2022: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35799318/pediatric-lung-transplantation-for-covid-19-unique-clinical-and-psychosocial-barriers
#37
Anupam Kumar, Gloria W Li, Justin M Segraves, Aladdein Mattar, Maheshwari Ramineni, Gabriel Loor, Puneet S Garcha
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 infection in the age group of 0-17 years contributes to approximately 22% of all laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Fortunately, this age group has a lower death rate (0.5 per 100 000) that accounts for only 4% of the total deaths due to COVID-19. Despite the low mortality rate in the pediatric population, children of minority groups represented 78% of the deaths highlighting the existing disparities in access to health care. METHODS: With the emergence of the more contagious COVID-19 variants and the relatively slow pace of vaccination among the pediatric population, it is possible to see more cases of significant lung injury and potential for transplantation for the younger age group...
July 7, 2022: Pediatric Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35750535/a-qualitative-study-exploring-nursing-students-perspectives-on-and-attitudes-towards-hospice-care-in-china
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shouqin Li, Zhaoxin Zhang, Xiubin Zhang
BACKGROUND: With the fast growth of the older population and the increasing rates of chronic illnesses, the demand for hospice care is increasing at a rapid pace. This is bringing great challenges to the healthcare system in China. Given that nursing students will be the main healthcare workforce in the future, and as such, have responsibilities to prepare for these challenges. Therefore, understanding nursing students' perspectives and attitudes towards hospice care in China is important to promote the development of hospice care services...
April 30, 2022: Nurse Education Today
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35737691/gallocatechin-silver-nanoparticles-embedded-in-cotton-gauze-patches-accelerated-wound-healing-in-diabetic-rats-by-promoting-proliferation-and-inhibiting-apoptosis-through-the-wnt-%C3%AE-catenin-signaling-pathway
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vendidandala Nagarjuna Reddy, Shaik Nyamathulla, Khomaizon Abdul Kadir Pahirulzaman, Seri Intan Mokhtar, Nelli Giribabu, Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated plasma glucose levels. It is often defined as a lifestyle disease having severe economic and physiological repercussions on the individual. One of the most prevalent clinical consequences of diabetes is the lagging pace of injury healing leading to chronic wounds, which still to date have limited treatment options. The objective of this research is to look into the wound healing capabilities of gallocatechin (GC) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) impregnated patches in diabetic rats...
2022: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35685113/explicative-factors-of-occupational-stress-among-caregivers-in-hospitals-in-brazzaville-a-cross-sectional-analytical-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yolande Voumbo Matoumona Mavoungou, Sylvain Honore Woromogo, Levy Mankoussou, Jean Claude Mobousse, Arnold Mangani, Pierre Marie Tebeu
Introduction: staff health represent a population particularly exposed to numerous psycho-social risks. The organization, pace and workload, as well as difficulties in terms of working equipment or personnel have been shown to be a source and consequences of work stress. The objective is to study the factors of stress experienced by health professionals working in district hospitals and to propose preventive actions to decision-makers. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical study carried out among caregivers in the hospitalization services of Brazzaville...
2022: Pan African Medical Journal
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