Glutaraldehyde 2% alkali

Rape straw was used as the raw material for the biochar in this study, which was then changed using acid, alkali, and magnetic techniques. The laccase was attached using the adsorptions-crosslinking process, and the three modified biochars served as the carriers. The ideal circumstances for laccase immobilization were explored, and both biochar and immobilized laccase's characteristics were examined. The removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) by immobilized laccase from modified biochar and its degradation products were researched...

Objective: To investigate the antibacterial properties and the osteoblast-compatibility of chlorhexidine (CHX)-modified porous titanium. Methods: Smooth pure titanium specimen with diameter of 10.0 mm and thickness of 1.5 mm treated with alkali heat method were set as control group. Those with covalent conjugation of aminosilane were set as silane group, and those with CHX grafted by glutaraldehyde were set as CHX group. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology and element compositions were detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy...

In this work, the effect of particle size on alkali pretreatment of the almond shell was evaluated for recovery of hemicellulose. Further, endoxylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus was immobilized on Fe-based magnetic nanoparticles to enable reuse of enzyme. Reduction in particle size significantly influences the recovery of hemicellulose as particle size below 120 μm enable recovery of 97% available hemicellulose in 1 h at 121 °C with 2 M alkali. The enzyme could retain 93.3% of enzymatic activity upon immobilization onto magnetic support using glutaraldehyde (25 mM) and was at par with the free enzyme in terms of pH and temperature profile...

Surface modification has been proven to be an effective approach for ion exchange membranes to achieve separation of counterions with different valences by altering interfacial construction of membranes to improve ion transfer performance. In this work, we have fabricated a series of novel cation exchange membranes (CEMs) by modifying sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) membranes via codeposition of mussel-inspired dopamine (DA) and 4'-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 (ACE), followed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking, aiming at achieving selective separation of specific cations...

Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP2)-encapsulated chitosan (CS) coatings were prepared to immobilize BMP2 on titanium (Ti) surfaces. The Ti substrates were functionalized through a three-step process: alkali treatment, silanization with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and aldehydation with glutaraldehyde (GA). BMP2-encapsulated CS coatings (BMP2-CS) were bonded to Ti surfaces through reactions between the aldehyde groups of GA and the amine groups of CS. Direct BMP2 immobilization on aldehyde-treated Ti (BMP2-Ti) and pure CS coatings (CS-Ti) were used as controls...

This paper reports the utilization of triangular silver nanoplates (TSNPs) to enhance the sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. TSNPs modified with 3-mercaptopropinic acid (MPA) were simply mixed with chitosan and glutaraldehyde to form TSNPs/chitosan composite. The composite was deposited on Au film as immobilization substrate for SPR biosensor. The novel structures of TSNPs are preserved against etching by MPA and chitosan polymer. Moreover, chitosan cross-linked by glutaraldehyde enables antibody to be immobilized on fabricated substrate directly via Schiff alkali reaction...

The aim of this study was to assess the use of aldehyde indicator pads for detection of glutaraldehyde and alkaline glutaraldehyde permeation through chemical protective gloves under simulated in-use conditions. The quantitative analysis of glutaraldehyde permeation through a glove material was determined for Metricide, Wavicide, and 50% glutaraldehyde following a solvent-desorption process and gas chromatographic analysis. All glutaraldehyde solutions exhibited >99% adsorption (including both the glutaraldehyde oligomers of the reaction product and the excess glutaraldehyde) on the pads over the spiking range 0...

A novel surface treatment method was developed to enhance polymer-based microchannel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection. By applying an amine-bearing polymer, poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), onto poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surface at pH higher than 11, PEI molecules were covalently attached and their amine groups were introduced to PMMA surface. Zeta potential analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that the alkali condition is preferable for PEI attachment onto the PMMA surface...

A novel piezoelectric immunosensor has been developed for the detection of human complement C1-inhibitor. Anti-C1-inhibitor antibody was immobilized onto the gold electrodes of a 9 MHz AT-cut piezoelectric crystal. Coating the crystal with polyethyleneimine adhesion, followed by a glutaraldehyde cross-linking method to immobilize antibody showed better results than the physical adsorption method with respect to sensitivity and reproducibility. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the sensor showed good response to the C1-inhibitor in the range from 2...

The coating of the wells of microtiter plates with cobrotoxin in Tris (pH 9.8) or PBS (pH 7.2) buffer was assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). It was found that the poor binding in neutral buffer was improved by adding glutaraldehyde (GA), and the bound amount reached the same extent as that measured with alkali buffer. The optimal concentration of GA was approx. 0.02%. A decrease in optical density was observed with GA concentration higher than 0.02%. This may result from the modification of cobrotoxin by GA, which induced a decrease in the antigenicity of the cobrotoxin as revealed by competitive immunoassay...

The axenic Dictyostelium discoideum growth medium HL-5, prepared using Difco proteose peptone No. 2, contains an extremely potent inhibitor of the binding of 125I-labeled discoidin I to glutaraldehyde-fixed, cohesive D. discoideum cells. Axenic strain A3 D. discoideum cells bind or internalize the inhibitor during growth in HL-5 medium and subsequently shed or excrete it while differentiating in suspension. The inhibitor has been purified from Difco proteose peptone No. 2 by sequential gel filtration on Sepharose 4B and affinity adsorption using discoidin I-Sepharose...

The potential of alkaline 2% glutaraldehyde solutions, with and without surface active agents, to alter the antigenicity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was analyzed and compared to the antigenic alternation capacities of 0.525% sodium hypochlorite and 2.02% formaldehyde solutions. After treatment of a hepatitis B surface antigen-positive plasma at room temperature for 10 min, there was a 51-67% reduction in surface antigen level and a 90-94% decrease in hepatitis B core antigenicity. Glutaraldehyde is proposed as an alternative to the more noxious hypochlorite and formaldehyde solutions for disinfection of HBV-contaminated articles...

A hemagglutinin was purified from the coelomic fluid of the sea urchin Anthocidaris crassispina by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and affinity adsorption to glutaraldehyde-fixed ghosts of human erythrocytes, followed by elution with 10 mM EDTA. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, it showed a single protein band with a molecular weight of 13 000 and 26 000 in the presence and absence of 2-mercaptoethanol, respectively. The molecular weight of the native protein with a hemagglutinating activity was determined to be 300 000 by sedimentation equilibrium analysis...

Elastic tissue is composed of amorphous-appearing elastin and 12-nm diameter microfibrils, one component of which has recently been isolated and characterized as the 31 KD microfibril-associated glycoprotein MAGP. Monospecific antibodies to each of these components have been developed in this laboratory. The parameters that determine optimal localization of colloidal gold probes for post-embedding immunolabeling of elastic tissue components have been systematically studied in a variety of normal and developing tissues in mammals and birds...

The crystalline cell surface layer (S-layer) from Bacillus stearothermophilus PV72 was used as a matrix for reversible immobilization of beta-D-galactosidase via disulphide bonds. In order to obtain an immobilization matrix stable towards acid, alkali and reducing agents such as dithiothreitol (DTT), the S-layer subunits were first cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. This was done in a way whereby 75% of the free amino groups remained unmodified, and then could be completely converted into sulphhydryl groups upon reaction with the monofunctional imidoester iminothiolane...

Chitin synthesis was studied in both yeast and hyphae of the dimorphic fungus Candida albicans. Incorporation of N-acetyl-d-[1-(3)H]glucosamine ([(3)H]GluNAc) into an acid-alkali-insoluble fraction was 10 times greater in hyphal-phase cells. A crude preparation of chitin synthetase was obtained from sonically treated protoplasts of both forms of Candida. Enzyme activity, which was determined by using [(14)C]UDP-GLuNAc as a substrate, was exclusively associated with the 80,000 x g pellet from sonically treated protoplasts of both forms...