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Ezzat Hashemi, Isha Narain Srivastava, Alejandro Aguirre, Ezra Tilahan Yoseph, Esha Kaushal, Avni Awani, Jae Kyu Ryu, Katerina Akassoglou, Shahrzad Talebian, Pauline Chu, Laura Pisani, Patricia Musolino, Lawrence Steinman, Kristian Doyle, William H Robinson, Orr Sharpe, Romain Cayrol, Paul Orchard, Troy Lund, Hannes Vogel, Max Lenail, May Htwe Han, Joshua Leith Bonkowsky, Keith P Van Haren
OBJECTIVE: We sought to create and characterize a mouse model of the inflammatory, cerebral demyelinating phenotype of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) that would facilitate the study of disease pathogenesis and therapy development. We also sought to cross-validate potential therapeutic targets such as fibrin, oxidative stress, and the NLRP3 inflammasome, in post-mortem human and murine brain tissues. BACKGROUND: ALD is caused by mutations in the gene ABCD1 encoding a peroxisomal transporter...
November 10, 2023: bioRxiv
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liling Dong, Li Shang, Caiyan Liu, Chenhui Mao, Xinying Huang, Shanshan Chu, Bin Peng, Liying Cui, Jing Gao
BACKGROUND: The pediatric genetic white matter disorders are characterized by a broad disease spectrum. Genetic testing is valuable in the diagnosis. However, there are few studies on the clinical and genetic spectrum of Chinese pediatric genetic white matter disorders. METHODS: The participants were enrolled from the cohort of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. They all received history collection, brain MRI and gene sequencing. Their neurologic complaints which were related to white matter disorders occurred before 18...
November 19, 2023: Italian Journal of Pediatrics
#23
REVIEW
Cecilie Videbæk, Lars Melgaard, Allan M Lund, Sabine Weller Grønborg
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (XALD) is the most common leukodystrophy. It has an estimated incidence of around 1/17.000, and a variable phenotype. Following the passage of Aidens Law, New York became the first state to implement a newborn screening for XALD in 2013. Since then, 38 American states, Taiwan, and the Netherlands have included XALD in their NBS program, and Japan and Italy have ongoing pilot studies. Screening for XALD allows for early, potentially lifesaving treatment of adrenal insufficiency and cerebral demyelination but is also a complex subject, due to our limited understanding of the natural history and lack of prognostic biomarkers...
December 2023: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chengfang Tang, Fang Tang, Yanna Cai, Minyi Tan, Sichi Liu, Ting Xie, Xiang Jiang, Yonglan Huang
BACKGROUND: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a rare X-linked disease caused by mutations of the ABCD1 gene. C26:0-lysophosphatidylcholine (C26:0-LPC) has been proved to be an accurate biomarker for X-ALD. This study aims to propose an effective method for screening of X-ALD and to evaluate the performance of the newborn screening (NBS) assay for X-ALD in Guangzhou. METHODS: C26:0-LPC in dried blood spots (DBS) was extracted by methanol solution containing isotope-labelled internal standard (C26:0-d4-LPC) and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)...
January 1, 2024: Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiu-Hong Wang, Li-Ying Liu, Yang-Yang Wang, Wen He, Jia Wang, Jing Wang, Li-Ping Zou
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a rare peroxisome disease with phenotypic heterogeneity. There is a lack of suitable in vitro models to study its pathogenesis. We established two strains of iPSCs from skin fibroblasts of patients with childhood cerebral ALD and Addison's disease, respectively. CytoTune™2.0 Sendai reprogramming kit was used. The iPSC lines showed typical stem cell morphology, normal karyotype, and carrying ABCD1 variation. The iPSC lines express pluripotency markers, and have the capacity to differentiate into three germ layers...
December 2023: Stem Cell Research
#26
REVIEW
Herbert Budka
The history of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) and other peroxisomal diseases is exemplary for the stunning progress of scientific medicine within the past 50 years. Like many breakthroughs in medicine, the detailed analysis of patients' pathologically affected tissues was instrumental, resulting in stepwise systematic clarification of what had remained enigmatic until the 1970s. This flashback paper is a recollection of the first neuropathological description of a slowly evolving clinical phenotype, spastic paraparesis with adrenal insufficiency, in a young adult by Budka et al...
January 2023: Free neuropathology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cara Louise Weldrick, Peter Boers, Patrick Kiely, Liam O'Halloran
A man in his 30s presented with a 6-month history of progressive left face, arm and leg weakness. Medical history included epilepsy and vitamin B12 deficiency. Three maternal second degree relatives died before the age of 7 from various neurological disorders. Examination revealed a mild left facial droop and weakness of the left shoulder, hip and ankle. Reflexes were symmetrical and tone was normal. Differential diagnosis included glioma, subacute infarction, lymphoma and demyelination. MRI brain showed an extensive right sided subcortical white matter lesion, with extension into the brainstem...
October 31, 2023: BMJ Case Reports
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Ting Zhu, Jin Wu, Xiao Mei Sun
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder caused by the variations in the ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 1 (ABCD1) gene. This study is the first to report central precocious puberty (CPP) in individuals with X-ALD. A 6-year-old boy exhibited mucocutaneous pigmentation, increased plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels, and elevated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). We identified a variant, c.1826A>G (p. Glu609Gly), in exon 8 of the ABCD1 gene in the proband. Additionally, he displayed rapid growth, testicular volume of 5-6 mL, the onset of pubic hair, and pubertal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), all meeting the diagnostic criteria for CPP...
February 2024: Endocrine
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Agnieszka Buda, Sonja Forss-Petter, Rong Hua, Yorrick Jaspers, Mark Lassnig, Petra Waidhofer-Söllner, Stephan Kemp, Peter Kim, Isabelle Weinhofer, Johannes Berger
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), the most common peroxisomal disorder, is caused by mutations in the peroxisomal transporter ABCD1, resulting in the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). Strongly affected cell types, such as oligodendrocytes, adrenocortical cells and macrophages, exhibit high cholesterol turnover. Here, we investigated how ABCD1 deficiency affects cholesterol metabolism in human X-ALD patient-derived fibroblasts and CNS tissues of Abcd1-deficient mice. Lipidome analyses revealed increased levels of cholesterol esters (CE), containing both saturated VLCFA and mono/polyunsaturated (V)LCFA...
August 31, 2023: Biomolecules
#30
Oliver Heath, Dinusha Pandithan, James Pitt, Elena Savva, Laura Raiti, Jenny Bracken, Moya Vandeleur, Martin B Delatycki, Joy Yaplito-Lee, Winita Hardikar, Rebecca Halligan
Contiguous ABCD1 / DXS1357E deletion syndrome (CADDS) is a rare deletion syndrome involving two contiguous genes on Xq28, ABCD1 and BCAP31 (formerly known as DXS1357E ). Only nine individuals with this diagnosis have been reported in the medical literature to date. Intragenic loss-of-function variants in BCAP31 cause the deafness, dystonia, and cerebral hypomyelination syndrome (DDCH). Isolated pathogenic intragenic variants in ABCD1 are associated with the most common peroxisomal disorder, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), a single transporter deficiency, which in its more severe cerebral form is characterised by childhood-onset neurodegeneration and high levels of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA)...
September 2023: JIMD Reports
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laila M Poisson, Navtej Kaur, Michelle M Felicella, Jaspreet Singh
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a severe demyelinating neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting males. The severe cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (cALD) phenotype has a poor prognosis and underlying mechanism of onset and progression of neuropathology remains poorly understood. In this study we aim to integrate metabolomic and microRNA (miRNA) datasets to identify variances associated with cALD. Postmortem brain tissue samples from five healthy controls (CTL) and five cALD patients were utilized in this study...
November 17, 2023: Human Molecular Genetics
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahmoudreza Ashrafi, Reyhaneh Kameli, Sareh Hosseinpour, Ehsan Razmara, Zahra Zamani, Zahra Rezaei, Raziyeh Mashayekhi, Neda Pak, Mohammad Barzegar, Reza Azizimalamiri, Morteza Rezvani Kashani, Nahideh Khosroshahi, Maryam Rasulinezhad, Morteza Heidari, Man Amanat, Alireza Abdi, Bahram Mohammadi, Mahmoud Mohammadi, Gholam Reza Zamani, Reza Shervin Badv, Abdolmajid Omrani, Sedigheh Nikbakht, Ali Hosseini Bereshneh, Mojtaba Movahedinia, Hossein Farshad Moghaddam, Hossein Shojaaldini Ardakani, Masood Ghahvechi Akbari, Mehran Beiraghi Tousi, Mohammad Vafaee Shahi, Firouzeh Hosseini, Masoud Hassanvand Amouzadeh, Seyed Ahmad Hosseini, Ali Nikkhah, Ali Khajeh, Hooman Alizadeh, Bahram Yarali, Mohammad Rohani, Parviz Karimi, Hadi Montazer Lotf Elahi, Seyyed Mohamad Mahdi Hosseiny, Masoumeh Sadat Sadeghzadeh, Hossein Mohebbi, Maryam Hosseini Moghadam, Hajar Aryan, Hassan Vahidnezhad, Mahdieh Soveizi, Bahareh Rabbani, Ali Rabbani, Nejat Mahdieh, Masoud Garshasbi, Ali Reza Tavasoli
Leukodystrophies (LDs) are a heterogeneous group of progressive neurological disorders and characterized by primary involvement of white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). This is the first report of the Iranian LD Registry database to describe the clinical, radiological, and genomic data of Persian patients with leukodystrophies. From 2016 to 2019, patients suspicious of LDs were examined followed by a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A single gene testing or whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used depending on the neuroradiologic phenotypes...
August 19, 2023: Neurogenetics
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Duan, Wanqi Zheng, Yu Xia, Huiwen Zhang, Lili Liang, Ruifang Wang, Yi Yang, Kaichuang Zhang, Deyun Lu, Yuning Sun, Lianshu Han, Yongguo Yu, Xuefan Gu, Yu Sun, Bing Xiao, Wenjuan Qiu
BACKGROUND: Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare but life-threatening condition. Differential diagnosis of numerous causes of PAI requires a thorough understanding of the condition. METHODS: To describe the genetic composition and presentations of PAI. The following data were collected retrospectively from 111 patients with non-21OHD with defined genetic diagnoses: demographic information, onset age, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and genetic results...
August 16, 2023: Journal of Medical Genetics
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naoki Takegami, Takashi Matsukawa, Masashi Hamada, Shuichi Tanifuji, Takayuki Tamura, Nanaka Yamaguchi-Takegami, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Jun Mitsui, Kaori Sakuishi, Shoji Tsuji, Tatsushi Toda
Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)/adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an X-linked genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in ABCD1. We treated a 54-year-old man with slowly progressive spastic paraparesis with later development of the cerebral form. A pathogenic splice-site variant of ABCD1 (c.1489-1G>A, p. Val497Alafs*51) and elevated levels of very long-chain fatty acids were found, leading to the diagnosis of AMN. Detailed ABCD1 mRNA expression analyses revealed decreased levels of ABCD1 mRNA accompanied by deletion of the first 31 bp in exon 6...
August 9, 2023: Internal Medicine
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yingjie Li, Jiaming Xu, Yan Xu, Chuanzhou Li, Yan Wu, Zhijun Liu
OBJECTIVE: Leukodystrophies are a diverse group of rare inherited disorders that affect the white matter of the central nervous system with a wide phenotypic spectrum. We aimed to characterize the clinical and genetic features of leukodystrophies in a central-southern Chinese cohort. METHODS: A cohort of 16 Chinese probands with leukodystrophy was recruited and performed genetic analysis by targeted panels or whole-exome sequencing. Further functional analysis of identified mutations in the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene was explored...
July 11, 2023: Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Mei Luo, Li-Ying Liu, Qiu-Hong Wang, Yang-Yang Wang, Jing Wang, Xiao-Yan Yang, Shi-Jun Li, Li-Ping Zou
OBJECTIVES: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a peroxisomal disease caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene. Childhood cerebral ALD (CCALD) is characterized by inflammatory demyelination, rapidly progressing, often fatal. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant only delays disease progression in patients with early-stage cerebral ALD. Based on emergency humanitarianism, this study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of sirolimus in the treatment of patients with CCALD. METHODS: This was a prospective, single-center, one-arm clinical trial...
2023: Frontiers in Pediatrics
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ksenija Martinović, Jan Bauer, Markus Kunze, Johannes Berger, Sonja Forss-Petter
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), the most frequent, inherited peroxisomal disease, is caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene encoding a peroxisomal lipid transporter importing very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) from the cytosol into peroxisomes for degradation via β-oxidation. ABCD1 deficiency results in accumulation of VLCFAs in tissues and body fluids of X-ALD patients with a wide range of phenotypic manifestations. The most severe variant, cerebral X-ALD (CALD) is characterized by progressive inflammation, loss of the myelin-producing oligodendrocytes and demyelination of the cerebral white matter...
June 18, 2023: Acta Neuropathologica Communications
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Jiang, Wei Jin, Hulin Zhao, Dehui Huang, Lei Wu
OBJECTIVE: Adult cerebral X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ACALD) with initial frontal lobe involvement is a rare genetic disease that is easily misdiagnosed and underdiagnosed. We sought to improve the early identification of such diseases. METHODS: We present three cases of adult X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) with initial frontal lobe involvement and identify an additional 13 cases from the database. The clinical and imaging characteristics of the overall sixteen cases were analyzed...
May 29, 2023: Acta Neurologica Belgica
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina I Galarreta, Karen Wong, Jason Carmichael, Jeremy Woods, Christina G Tise, Annie D Niehaus, Alison J Schildt, Courtney P Verscaj, Kristina P Cusmano-Ozog
Zellweger spectrum disorder (ZSD) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in any one of the 13 PEX genes essential for peroxisomal biogenesis. We report a cohort of nine infants who presented at birth with severe neonatal features suggestive of ZSD and found to be homozygous for a variant in PEX6 (NM_000287.4:c.1409G > C[p.Gly470Ala]). All were of Mixtec ancestry and identified by the California Newborn Screening (NBS) Program to have elevated C26:0-lysophosphatidylcholine but no reportable variants in ABCD1...
August 2023: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A
#40
Koji Obara
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a rare X-linked disease that affects the metabolism of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), leading to cognitive deterioration, progressive spastic paraplegia, sensory disturbance, adrenocortical insufficiency, and bladder and bowel abnormalities. Although the symptoms of ALD correspond to the risk of developing pressure ulcers, a pressure ulcer has never been listed as a complication of ALD. We present two cases of ALD with severe pressure ulcers in the pelvic region and feet...
April 2023: Curēus
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