ST36

OBJECTIVES: To observe the therapeutic effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) based on the theory of " qi ascending and descending movement" in patients after general anesthesia laparoscopic cholecystectomy, so as to explore the impact of TEAS on the autonomic nervous system and gastrointestinal function of patients. METHODS: A total of 204 patients scheduled to undergo general anesthesia laparoscopic cholecystectomy were selected and randomly divided into control, double acupoints and multiple acupoints groups, with 68 cases in each group...

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway-related proteins and hippocampal neuron apoptosis in diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) rats, and to explore the mechanisms of EA in treating DCI. METHODS: Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, and EA groups, with 12 rats in each group. The animal model of DCI was replicated using a high-fat, high-sugar diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin...

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on behavior, oxidative stress factors in colon and substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease (PD) mice, so as to explore the mechanism of EA in treating PD. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank, model and EA groups, with 12 mice in each group. The PD mouse model was established by continuous gavage of rotenone for 4 weeks. Mice in the EA group received EA (2 Hz/15 Hz) at "Baihui" (GV20), "Quchi" (LI11) and "Zusanli" (ST36) for 20 min, 5 days a week for 2 weeks...

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effect of moxibustion preconditioning on inflammatory response in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improving CIRI. METHODS: Seventy-five male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, moxibustion preconditioning 3 days (Moxi 1), moxibustion preconditioning 5 days (Moxi 2) and moxibustion preconditioning 7 days (Moxi 3) groups, with 15 rats in each group. Moxibustion was applied at "Baihui"(GV20), "Dazhui"(GV14) and "Zusanli"(ST36) for 20 min once a day, totally for 3, 5 or 7 days...

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Fengfu"(GV16), "Taichong"(LR3), and "Zusanli"(ST36) on mitophagy mediated by silencing regulatory protein 3 (SIRT3)/ PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/PARK2 gene coding protein (Parkin) in the midbrain substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease (PD) mice, and to explore the potential mechanisms of EA in treating PD. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control, model, EA, and sham EA groups, with 12 mice in each group...

Global occurrences of foodborne disease outbreaks have been documented, involving fresh agricultural produce contaminated by various pathogens. This contamination can occur at any point in the supply chain. However, studies on the prevalence of total coliforms, Salmonella and microbial diversity in vegetable and associated environments are limited. This study aimed to assess 1) the number of total coliforms (n = 299) and diversity of microbial communities (n = 52); 2) the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, genomic characteristics, and potential transmission relationships of Salmonella in soil-irrigation water-vegetable system (n = 506)...

BACKGROUND: The induction of intestinal inflammation as a result of abdominal surgery is an essential factor in postoperative ileus (POI) development. Electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 has been demonstrated to relieve intestinal inflammation and restore gastrointestinal dysmotility in POI. This study aims to elucidate the neuroimmune pathway involved in the anti-inflammatory properties of EA in POI. METHODS: After intestinal manipulation (IM) was performed to induce POI, intestinal inflammation and motility were assessed 24 h post-IM, by evaluating gastrointestinal transit (GIT), cytokines expression, and leukocyte infiltration...

OBJECTIVE: The specific benefit and selection of acupoints in acupuncture for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains controversial. This study aims to explore the specific benefits and acupoints selection of acupuncture for DKD through meta-analysis and data mining. METHODS: Clinical trials of acupuncture for DKD were searched in eight common databases. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate its efficacy and safety, and data mining was used to explore its acupoints selection...

UNLABELLED: In December 2022, an alert was published in the UK and other European countries reporting an unusual increase in the incidence of Streptococcus pyogenes infections. Our aim was to describe the clinical, microbiological, and molecular characteristics of group A Streptococcus invasive infections (iGAS) in children prospectively recruited in Spain (September 2022-March 2023), and compare invasive strains with strains causing mild infections. One hundred thirty isolates of S. pyogenes causing infection (102 iGAS and 28 mild infections) were included in the microbiological study: emm typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and sequencing for core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), resistome, and virulome analysis...

Poor sleep increases pain, at least in part, by disrupting endogenous pain modulation. However, the efficacy of endogenous analgesia in sleep-deprived subjects has never been tested. To assess this issue, we chose three different ways of triggering endogenous analgesia: (1) acupuncture, (2) acute stress, and (3) noxious stimulation, and compared their ability to decrease the pronociceptive effect induced by REM-SD (Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation) with that to decrease inflammatory hyperalgesia in the classical carrageenan model...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical effect between two acupoint regimens of moxibustion on knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and observe the influences on the serum content of interleukin 1α (IL-1α), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), bone gla protein (BGP) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). METHODS: KOA patients were randomly divided into an observation group (40 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (40 cases, 3 cases dropped off)...

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effects of moxibustion at "Zusanli" (ST36) on the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF receptor 1 (TNF-R1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38 MAPK), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in the colon tissue of mice with chronic ulcerative colitis (UC), so as to explore the underlying mechanisms of moxibustion in improving visceral hypersensitivity in chronic UC. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal group, normal with moxibustion (NM) group, model group, and model with moxibustion (MM) group, with 10 mice in each group...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Quchi"(LI11) and "Zusanli"(ST36) in the rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and its influence on programmed necrosis of cerebral cortical neurons. METHODS: Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, EA group and inhibitor group, with 15 rats in each group. Left middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established using the modified thread embolism method...

BACKGROUND: : Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a unique thermogenic tissue in mammals mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The energy generated by glucose and triglyceride metabolism is released and transmitted throughout the body as heat. Understanding the factors influencing BAT function is crucial to determine its metabolic significance and effects on overall health. Although studies have shown that electroacupuncture (EA) at specific acupoints (e.g., ST36) can stimulate BAT, its effects at other acupoints are not well understood...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of acupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) in alleviating lower-limb pain is widely acknowledged in clinical practice, while its underlying mechanism remains incompletely elucidated. Our previous research had revealed that the prompt analgesia induced by needling-ST36 was accompanied by expression alterations in certain exco-nucleotidases within the sciatic nerve. Building upon this finding, the current work focused on NTPDase1, the primary ecto-nucleotidase in the human body, which converts ATP into AMP...

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) onset and development are closely associated with intestinal barrier injury. Evidence from clinical practice and research has shown that electroacupuncture (EA) at the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint can improve intestinal barrier function and abdominal symptoms in patients with SAP; however, the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study aimed to observe the changes in the intestinal microbiota and metabolites in SAP rats and to explore the effect of EA at ST36 on intestinal barrier injury in SAP rats...

The principle of acupoint stimulation efficacy is based on traditional meridian theory. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of acupoints in treating diseases remain unclear in modern scientific understanding. In this study, we selected the ST36 acupoint for investigation and summarized all relevant literature from the PubMed database over the past 10 years. The results indicate that stimulation of ST36 single acupoints has therapeutic effects mainly in models of respiratory, neurological, digestive, endocrine and immune system diseases...

BACKGROUND: To investigate the effec of the herb-partitioned moxibustion on T-lymphocyte activity in immunosuppressed rats through differential modulation of the immune checkpoint molecules CD28 and CTLA-4. METHODS: Forty-eight Sprague‒Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal group (NG), the cyclophosphamide model group (CTX), the herb-partitioned moxibustion group (HPM), the CD28 inhibitor + herb-partitioned moxibustion group (aCD28 + HPM), the CTLA-4 inhibitor + herb-partitioned moxibustion group (aCTLA-4 + HPM), and the levamisole group (LEV) (8 rats per group)...

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play essential roles in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Electroacupuncture (EA) is widely used as a rehabilitation method for stroke in China; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) has been reported to impact anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the role of PPAR-γ in EA-mediated effects and aimed to illuminate its possible mechanisms in cerebral I/R...

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to explore the protective effect of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment at Zusanli point (ST36) on ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI) and its potential anti-inflammatory mechanism. METHODS: High tidal volume ventilation was used to induce the VILI in mice, and EA pretreatment at ST36 was given for 7 consecutive days. The wet/dry ratio and pathological injury score of lung tissue, and total protein content of pulmonary alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected after 4 h of mechanical ventilation (MV)...