Kwaku Amoah, Xiao-Bo Yan, Hao Liu, Si-Miao Pan, Tao Li, Xiangxiang Suo, Bei-Ping Tan, Shuang Zhang, Wei-Bin Huang, Mingsheng Xie, Shipei Yang, Hai-Tao Zhang, Yuan-Zhi Yang, Xiao-Hui Dong
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fishmeal (FM) with castormeal (CM) on the growth performance, immune response, antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities, intestinal morphology, and expression of inflammatory-related genes in juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. lanceolatus♂). Six iso-nitrogenous (50% crude protein) and iso-lipidic (10% crude lipid) diets were formulated; namely, a reference diet (FM) containing 50% FM and five experimental diets (4% (CM4), 8% (CM8), 12% (CM12), 16% (CM16), and 20% (CM20)) in which FM protein was substituted with CM at varying levels to feed fish (initial weight: 9...
October 4, 2022: Fish & Shellfish Immunology