keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37889097/spectrophotometry-and-chromatography-analyses-combined-with-chemometrics-tools-to-differentiate-green-coffee-beans-into-special-or-traditional
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Winston Pinheiro Claro Gomes, Gisele Gonçalves Bortoleto, Wanessa R Melchert
Green coffee is the hulled coffee bean, rich in chemical compounds indicative of quality before roasting, making the classification special or traditional. This work aimed to determine compounds in green coffee beans and find the differentiation of green coffee beans into special or traditional ones through chemometrics. For that, the levels of phenolic compounds, reducing, nonreducing, and total sugars were quantified by spectrophotometry: caffeine, trigonelline, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), 3-hydroxybenzoic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic, caffeic, and nicotinic acids (NAs) by high-performance liquid chromatography-UV-Vis; acetaldehyde, acetone, methanol, ethanol, and isoamyl by HS-GC-FID...
October 27, 2023: Journal of Food Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37778097/synthetic-contraceptive-hormones-occlude-the-ability-of-nicotine-to-reduce-ethanol-consumption-in-ovary-intact-female-rats
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erin E Maher, Ashley M White, Ashley Craig, Shailesh Khatri, Percell T Kendrick, Mary E Matocha, Emma O Bondy, Nikhil Pallem, Grace Breakfield, Madison Botkins, Olivia Sweatt, William C Griffin, Brent Kaplan, Jessica J Weafer, Joshua S Beckmann, Cassandra D Gipson
Rates of tobacco and alcohol use in women are rising, and women are more vulnerable than men to escalating tobacco and alcohol use. Many women use hormonal birth control, with the oral contraceptive pill being the most prevalent. Oral contraceptives contain both a progestin (synthetic progesterone) and a synthetic estrogen (ethinyl estradiol; EE) and are contraindicated for women over 35 years who smoke. Despite this, no studies have examined how synthetic contraceptive hormones impact this pattern of polysubstance use in females...
September 27, 2023: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37762675/five-different-artemisia-l-species-ethanol-extracts-phytochemical-composition-and-their-antimicrobial-and-nematocide-activity
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evgeny Nikitin, Igor Fitsev, Anastasia Egorova, Lidia Logvinenko, Dmitriy Terenzhev, Feruzakhon Bekmuratova, Adelya Rakhmaeva, Georgiy Shumatbaev, Alsu Gatiyatullina, Oksana Shevchuk, Tatiana Kalinnikova
Among the plants that exhibit significant or established pharmacological activity, the genus Artemisia L. deserves special attention. This genus comprises over 500 species belonging to the largest Asteraceae family. Our study aimed at providing a comprehensive evaluation of the phytochemical composition of the ethanol extracts of five different Artemisia L. species (collected from the southwest of the Russian Federation) and their antimicrobial and nematocide activity as follows: A. annua cv. Novichok., A. dracunculus cv...
September 21, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37686056/synthesis-x-ray-structure-hirshfeld-dft-conformational-cytotoxic-and-anti-toxoplasma-studies-of-new-indole-hydrazone-derivatives
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eman M Hassan, Saied M Soliman, Esraa A Moneer, Mohamed Hagar, Assem Barakat, Matti Haukka, Hanaa Rasheed
The hydrazones 3a - c , were synthesized from the reaction of indole-3-carbaldehyde and nicotinic acid hydrazide, isonicotinic acid hydrazide, and benzoic acid hydrazide, respectively. Their structures were confirmed using FTIR, 1 HNMR, and 13 CNMR spectroscopic techniques. Exclusively, hydrazones 3b and 3c were confirmed using single crystal X-ray crystallography to exist in the Eanti form. With the aid of DFT calculations, the most stable configuration of the hydrazones 3a - c in gas phase and in nonpolar solvents (CCl4 and cyclohexane) is the ESyn form...
August 26, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37568369/ethanol-enhances-endothelial-rigidity-by-targeting-ve-cadherin-implications-for-acute-aortic-dissection
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joscha Mulorz, Wiebke Ibing, Melanie Cappallo, Sönke Maximilian Braß, Kiku Takeuchi, Uwe Raaz, Isabel Nahal Schellinger, Kim Jürgen Krott, Hubert Schelzig, Hug Aubin, Alexander Oberhuber, Margitta Elvers, Markus Udo Wagenhäuser
(1) Background: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is caused by an endothelial entry tear followed by intimomedial delamination of the outer layers of the vessel wall. The established risk factors include hypertension and smoking. Another rising candidate risk factor is excessive alcohol consumption. This experimental study explores the effects of nicotine (Nic), angiotensin II (Ang II), and ethanol (EtOH) on human aortic endothelial cells (hAoEC). (2) Methods: HAoECs were exposed to Nic, Ang II, and EtOH at different dose levels...
July 28, 2023: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37519503/a-rare-case-of-valproic-acid-toxicity-requiring-hemodialysis
#26
Nyier W Doar, Samaj Adhikari, Binit Aryal, Sushma Edara, Marie Schmidt
Valproic acid poisoning can have mild to fatal consequences depending on its body concentration. There are rare case reports and barely any known controlled studies on the use of hemodialysis as a last treatment resort. We report a rare valproic acid poisoning case at One Brooklyn Health/Interfaith campus, New York City, warranting intubation and hemodialysis. The patient is a 47-year-old male with a past medical history of seizure disorder, polysubstance use disorder, schizophrenia, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who was brought to the medical emergency department (ED) for intentional valproic acid overdose with 60 tablets of his prescribed home Depakote DR 500 mg (~30 g)...
June 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37515828/reduction-of-nicotine-and-ethanol-intake-in-alcohol-preferring-uchb-female-rats-by-the-%C3%AE-4%C3%AE-2-nicotinic-acetylcholine-receptor-partial-agonists-5-bromocytisine-and-cytisine
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María Elena Quintanilla, Mario Rivera-Meza, Pablo Berríos-Cárcamo, Bruce K Cassels
RATIONALE: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are implicated in the reinforcing effects of nicotine and ethanol. Previous studies have shown that cytisine and its 5-bromo derivative are partial agonists at the α4β2 nAChRs and that the parent molecule cytisine is effective in reducing both nicotine- and ethanol-self-administration in rats. However, whether 5-bromocytisine affects nicotine or ethanol self-administration was unknown. OBJECTIVES: The present study compared the effects of 5-bromocytisine and cytisine on nicotine self-administration and further assessed the effect of daily drug injection on voluntary ethanol consumption in alcohol-preferring female rats...
July 15, 2023: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37506782/study-on-toxicity-efficacy-related-substances-and-metabolic-mechanism-of-tripterygium-wilfordii-hook-f-based-on-o2lps-correlation-analysis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lili Song, Jiayi Wang, Jiaxuan Nie, Yue Zhang, Rui Han, Huimin Liu, Ningning Ma, Zhen Yang, Yubo Li
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f (TwHF) has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and nephritis for hundreds of years. AIM OF THE STUDY: Although the efficacy of TwHF in the treatment of RA is definite, its serious side effects and toxicity have also received close attention from domestic and international researchers, so the clinical application of TwHF has been controversial. Most of the current TwHF toxicity studies have been conducted with animals in normal body states, but ignore the effects in pathological states...
July 26, 2023: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37503148/discovery-and-validation-of-genes-driving-drug-intake-and-related-behavioral-traits-in-mice
#29
Tyler A Roy, Jason A Bubier, Price E Dickson, Troy D Wilcox, Juliet Ndukum, James W Clark, Stacey J Sukoff Rizzo, John C Crabbe, James M Denegre, Karen L Svenson, Robert E Braun, Vivek Kumar, Stephen A Murray, Jacqueline K White, Vivek M Philip, Elissa J Chesler
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are heritable disorders characterized by compulsive drug use, but the biological mechanisms driving addiction remain largely unknown. Genetic correlations reveal that predisposing drug-naïve phenotypes, including anxiety, depression, novelty preference, and sensation seeking, are predictive of drug-use phenotypes, implicating shared genetic mechanisms. Because of this relationship, high-throughput behavioral screening of predictive phenotypes in knockout (KO) mice allows efficient discovery of genes likely to be involved in drug use...
July 10, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37469831/assessing-the-effects-of-prenatal-poly-drug-exposure-on-fetal-brain-vasculature-using-optical-coherence-angiography
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raksha Raghunathan, Jessica Gutierrez, Chih-Hao Liu, Manmohan Singh, Rajesh C Miranda, Kirill V Larin
SIGNIFICANCE: Maternal exposure to drugs during pregnancy is known to have detrimental effects on the fetus. Alcohol (ethanol) and nicotine are two of the most commonly co-abused substances during pregnancy, and prenatal poly-drug exposure is common due, in part, to the prevalence of unplanned pregnancies. The second trimester is a critical period for fetal neurogenesis and angiogenesis. When drug exposure occurs during this time, fetal brain development is affected. Several behavioral, morphological, and functional studies have evaluated the changes in fetal brain development due to exposure to these drugs individually...
July 2023: Journal of Biomedical Optics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37447316/nutrient-supplementation-during-the-prenatal-period-in-substance-using-mothers-a-narrative-review-of-the-effects-on-offspring-development
#31
REVIEW
Catherine A Serwatka, Adrianne K Griebel-Thompson, Rina D Eiden, Kai Ling Kong
Substance use during pregnancy increases the risk for poor developmental outcomes of the offspring, and for substance-dependent mothers, abstaining from substance use during pregnancy is often difficult. Given the addictive nature of many substances, strategies that may mitigate the harmful effects of prenatal substance exposure are important. Prenatal nutrient supplementation is an emerging intervention that may improve developmental outcomes among substance-exposed offspring. We provide a narrative review of the literature on micronutrient and fatty acid supplementation during pregnancies exposed to substance use in relation to offspring developmental outcomes...
June 30, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37371946/oxidative-stress-in-a-mother-consuming-alcohol-during-pregnancy-and-in-her-newborn-a-case-report
#32
Martina Derme, Maria Grazia Piccioni, Roberto Brunelli, Alba Crognale, Marika Denotti, Paola Ciolli, Debora Scomparin, Luigi Tarani, Roberto Paparella, Gianluca Terrin, Maria Di Chiara, Alessandro Mattia, Simona Nicotera, Alberto Salomone, Mauro Ceccanti, Marisa Patrizia Messina, Nunzia La Maida, Giampiero Ferraguti, Carla Petrella, Marco Fiore
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a set of conditions resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). FASD is estimated to affect between 2% and 5% of people in the United States and Western Europe. The exact teratogenic mechanism of alcohol on fetal development is still unclear. Ethanol (EtOH) contributes to the malfunctioning of the neurological system in children exposed in utero by decreasing glutathione peroxidase action, with an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes oxidative stress...
June 4, 2023: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37333376/the-g-protein-biased-serotonin-5-ht-2a-receptor-agonist-lisuride-exerts-anti-depressant-drug-like-activities-in-mice
#33
Vladimir M Pogorelov, Ramona M Rodriguiz, Bryan L Roth, William C Wetsel
There is now evidence from multiple Phase II clinical trials that psychedelic drugs can exert long-lasting anxiolytic, anti-depressant, and anti-drug abuse (nicotine and ethanol) effects in patients. Despite these benefits, the hallucinogenic actions of these drugs at the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) limit their clinical use in diverse settings. Activation of the 5-HT2AR can stimulate both G protein and β-arrestin (βArr) -mediated signaling. Lisuride is a G protein biased agonist at the 5-HT2AR and, unlike the structurally-related LSD, the drug does not typically produce hallucinations in normal subjects at routine doses...
June 5, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37188849/gestational-ethanol-exposure-impairs-motor-skills-in-female-mice-through-dysregulated-striatal-dopamine-and-acetylcholine-function
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastiano Bariselli, Yolanda Mateo, Noa Reuveni, David M Lovinger
Fetal alcohol exposure has deleterious consequences on the motor skills of patients affected by Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and in pre-clinical models of gestational ethanol exposure (GEE). Deficits in striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) and dopamine function impair action learning and execution, yet the effects of GEE on acetylcholine (ACh) and striatal dopamine release remain unexplored. Here, we report that alcohol exposure during the first ten postnatal days (GEEP0-P10 ), which mimics ethanol consumption during the last gestational trimester in humans, induces sex-specific anatomical and motor skill deficits in female mice during adulthood...
May 15, 2023: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37132146/preparation-and-evaluation-of-liposomes-containing-ethanol-and-propylene-glycol-as-carriers-for-nicotine
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Wang, Qing Shao, Yan Zhang, Jing Ding, Miaomiao Yang, Liu Yang, Wenjie Wang, Pengfei Cui, Zunxiao Dai, Li Ma
BACKGROUND: Nicotine is a fat-soluble substance that is easily absorbed through the skin and mucosal tissues of the human body. However, its properties, such as light exposure, heat decomposition, and volatilization, restrict its development and application in external preparations. OBJECTIVE: This study focused on the preparation of stable nicotine-encapsulated ethosomes. METHODS: During their preparation, two water-phase miscible osmotic promoters, ethanol and propylene glycol (PG), were added to obtain a stable transdermal delivery system...
April 28, 2023: Current Drug Delivery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37090224/severe-alcohol-withdrawal-in-an-adolescent-male
#36
Nathan Friedman, Justin Seltzer, Helen Harvey, Binh Ly, Aaron Schneir
Ethanol remains one of the most frequently abused agents by adolescents, exceeding all others except for vaping nicotine, and use is rising. With increased ethanol use comes a greater risk for dependence and potential for alcohol withdrawal syndromes (AWS). Pediatric AWS is extremely rare and poorly characterized in the literature. Pediatric acute care practitioners may have limited exposure to AWS. We report the case of a 16-year-old male with a history of polysubstance abuse who presented with mild AWS and progressed rapidly to delirium tremens...
2023: Toxicology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36959348/regulation-of-nox-p38-mapk-ppar%C3%AE-pathways-and-mir-155-expression-by-boswellic-acids-reduces-hepatic-injury-in-experimentally-induced-alcoholic-liver-disease-mouse-model-novel-mechanistic-insight
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rania M Salama, Samah S Abbas, Samar F Darwish, Al Aliaa Sallam, Noura F Elmongy, Sara A El Wakeel
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) refers to hepatic ailments induced by excessive alcohol intake. The pathogenesis of ALD comprises a complex interplay between various mechanistic pathways, among which inflammation and oxidative stress are key players. Boswellic acids (BAs), found in Boswellia serrata, have shown hepatoprotective effects owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, nevertheless, their therapeutic potential against ALD has not been previously investigated. Hence, this study was performed to depict the possible protective effect of BAs and detect their underlying mechanism of action in an experimentally-induced ALD mouse model...
March 23, 2023: Archives of Pharmacal Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36914160/metabolic-alterations-in-streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced-diabetic-rats-treated-with-muntingia-calabura-l-extract-via-1h-nmr-based-metabolomics
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nur Khaleeda Zulaikha Zolkeflee, Pei Lou Wong, Nurul Shazini Ramli, Azrina Azlan, Faridah Abas
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic endocrine disorder caused by decreased insulin concentration or poor insulin response. Muntingia calabura (MC) has been used traditionally to reduce blood glucose levels. This study aimed to support the traditional claim of MC as a functional food and blood-glucose-lowering regimen. The antidiabetic potential of MC has been tested on a streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induced diabetic rat model by using the 1H-NMR-based metabolomic approach. Serum biochemical analyses revealed that treatment with 250 mg/kg body weight (bw) standardized freeze dried (FD) 50% ethanolic MC extract (MCE 250) showed favorable serum creatinine (37...
March 13, 2023: Planta Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36815183/alcohol-and-cannabinoid-binges-and-daily-exposure-to-nicotine-in-adolescent-young-adult-rats-induce-sex-dependent-long-term-appetitive-instrumental-learning-impairment
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Norbert Abela, Katie Haywood, Giuseppe Di Giovanni
Adolescence is a critical developmental period, concerning anatomical, neurochemical and behavioral changes. Moreover, adolescents are more sensitive to the long-term deleterious effects of drug abuse. Binge-like consumption of alcohol and marijuana, along with tobacco smoking, is a dangerous pattern often observed in adolescents during weekends. Nevertheless, the long-term effect of their adolescent co-exposure has not been yet experimentally investigated. Long-Evans adolescent male ( n = 20) and female ( n = 20) rats from postnatal day 30 (P30) until P60 were daily treated with nicotine (0...
2023: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36802012/role-of-%C3%AE-6-nicotinic-receptors-in-alcohol-induced-gabaergic-synaptic-transmission-and-plasticity-to-cholinergic-interneurons-in-the-nucleus-accumbens
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hillary A Wadsworth, Elizabeth Q Anderson, Benjamin M Williams, Joakim W Ronström, Janna K Moen, Anna M Lee, J Michael McIntosh, Jie Wu, Jordan T Yorgason, Scott C Steffensen
The prevailing view is that enhancement of dopamine (DA) transmission in the mesolimbic system, consisting of DA neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) that project to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), underlies the reward properties of ethanol (EtOH) and nicotine (NIC). We have shown previously that EtOH and NIC modulation of DA release in the NAc is mediated by α6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α6*-nAChRs), that α6*-nAChRs mediate low-dose EtOH effects on VTA GABA neurons and EtOH preference, and that α6*-nAChRs may be a molecular target for low-dose EtOH...
February 18, 2023: Molecular Neurobiology
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