Liver nodules

Presently, pseudocirrhosis occurs in most patients with liver metastases from malignant tumors and can exhibit clinical manifestations related to portal hypertension, such as edema, ascites, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Imaging features include malignant tumor liver metastasis, the appearance of nodules accompanied with or without hepatic contour, segmental liver volume reduction, and caudate lobe enlargement. Histology shows the typical pathological manifestations of liver cirrhosis, such as diffuse tumor cell infiltration, fibrosis around the infiltrating lesion, hepatic sinus vascular thrombosis, nodular hyperplasia, non-accompanied bridging necrosis, bridging fibrosis, and pseudolobule formation...

PURPOSE: Ultrasound (US) surveillance is a cornerstone for early diagnosis of HCC, anyway US presentation has undergone significant changes. With the aim of evaluating the effects of US surveillance program in the real-world clinical practice, we wanted to evaluate US presentation of HCCs over the last 30 years and the differences of HCCs presentation according to etiology. METHODS: 174 patients diagnosed between 1993 and 98 (G1), 96 between 2003 and 08 (G2), 102 between 2013 and 18 (G3), were compared...

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and therefore its prognosis remains poor with a low 5-year survival rate. HCC patients have increasingly complex and constantly changing characteristics, thus up-to-date and comprehensive data are fundamental. AIM: To analyze the epidemiology and main clinical characteristics of HCC patients in a referral center hospital in the northwest of Italy between 2010 and 2019...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

A family of Peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases), called Cyclophilins, localize to numerous intracellular and extracellular locations where they contribute to a variety of essential functions. We previously reported that non-immunosuppressive pan-cyclophilin inhibitor drugs like reconfilstat (CRV431) or NV556 decreased multiple aspects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice under two different non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse models. Both CRV431 and NV556 inhibit several cyclophilin isoforms, among which cyclophilin D (CypD) has not been previously investigated in this context...

PURPOSE: Large animal models are still used in many studies because of their likeness to humans. It has not been documented that regular-sized conventional farm-breed pigs, generally bred for meat production, can be used to generate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) animal models. The goal of this study was to investigate how N-diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and phenobarbital (PB) together can generate HCC in ordinary farmed pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional domestic swine ( Sus scrofa domesticus ) were used...

We report a case of the 46-year-old female patient, who presented with diffuse nodular liver calcifications on computed tomography. Histopathology of the calcified nodules revealed neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Calcified NET liver metastases are extremely rare and need to be considered in the differential diagnosis with other benign and malignant liver calcification.

BACKGROUND: To date, caval sparing (CS) and total caval replacement (TCR) for recipient hepatectomy in liver transplantation (LT) have been compared only in terms of surgical morbidity. Nonetheless, CS technique is inherently associated with an increased manipulation of the native liver and later exclusion of the venous outflow, which may increase the risk of intraoperative shedding of tumor cells when LT is performed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective study was performed to assess the impact of recipient hepatectomy (CS vs...

Elaeophorosis, infection by the filarial worm Elaeophora schneideri, is a parasitic disease of wild ungulates in North America; however, our understanding of the relevance of E. schneideri to moose (Alces alces) morbidity and mortality is incomplete. Between March 2020 and July 2022, necropsy and histopathology were performed on 61 Shiras moose (Alces alces shirasi) in Idaho, US. Among the 41 adults (greater than 1 yr old), 21 moose were from northern Idaho, and 20 were from southeastern Idaho. Elaeophorosis was diagnosed in 24% (10 of 41)...

BACKGROUND/AIM: The Beppu score assessed by the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery nomogram helps predict postoperative disease-free survival for patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Using the Beppu score, patients with resectable CRLM were divided into three groups according to recurrence risk: low (≤6 points), moderate (7-10 points), and high-risk (≥11 points). Hepatectomy following preoperative chemotherapy is recommended for high-risk patients...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively analyse the different imaging manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated hepatic Kaposi's sarcoma (AIDS-HKS) on CT, MRI, and Ultrasound. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eight patients were enrolled in the study. Laboratory tests of liver function were performed. The CT, MRI, and Ultrasound manifestations were reviewed by two radiologists and two sonographers, respectively. The distribution and imaging signs of AIDS-HKS were evaluated...

INTRODUCTION: To maximize utility and prevent premature liver transplantation (LT), a delayed LT strategy (DS) was adopted in France in 2015 in patients listed for any single HCC treated with resection or thermal-ablation during waiting phase, postponing LT until recurrence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate DS to make sure that it did not hamper pre and post-LT outcomes in DS patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients listed for HCC in France between 2015 and 2018 were studied...

Glucagonomas are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms of the pancreas with malignant potential. At present, their epidemiology is not entirely clear, so clinicians are not well versed, lacking any consensus on diagnosis or comprehensive treatment. The present study reports the case of a 32-year-old woman hospitalized for recurrent glossitis, perioral dermatitis and necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) of both lower limbs. Imaging studies revealed a low-density nodule (~2 cm) in the tail of the pancreas, as well as multiple space-occupying hepatic lesions...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the high-efficiency ancillary features (AFs) screened from LR-3/4 lesions and the HCC/non-HCC group and the diagnostic performance of LR3/4 observations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 460 patients (with 473 nodules) classified into LR-3-LR-5 categories, including 311 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 6 cases of non-HCC malignant tumors, and 156 cases of benign lesions. Two faculty abdominal radiologists with experience in hepatic imaging reviewed and recorded the major features (MFs) and AFs of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS)...

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a liver tumor with features of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). It consists of intermingled malignant biliary and hepatic tissue and thus a distinct entity, rather than two separate coexisting malignancies. A 59-year-old female with a history of hepatitis C and cirrhosis presented with abdominal pain and altered mental status. She developed hematemesis, and despite extensive interventions, she expired one day after her initial presentation...

Hepatorenal tyrosinemia type 1 (HT-1) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that results from a deficiency of fumaryl acetoacetate hydrolase (FAH), a critical enzyme in the catabolic pathway for tyrosine. This leads to the accumulation of toxic metabolites such as fumaryl and maleylacetoacetate, which can damage the liver, kidneys, and nervous system. The discovery of 2-[2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl]-1,3-cyclohexanedione (NTBC or nitisinone) has significantly improved the management of HT-1, particularly when initiated before the onset of symptoms...

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is primarily responsible for causing septicemia, pneumonitis, peritonitis, swollen head syndrome, and salpingitis in poultry, leading to significant losses in the poultry sector, particularly within the broiler industry. The removal of the lpxL and lpxM genes led to an eightfold decrease in the endotoxin levels of wild APEC strains. In this study, mutant strains of lpxL/lpxM and their O1, O2, and O78 wild-type strains were developed for an inactivated vaccine (referred to as the mutant vaccine and the wild-type vaccine, respectively), and the safety and effectiveness of these two prototype vaccines were assessed in white Leghorn chickens...

BACKGROUND: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is considered to be an important factor in the early invasion and metastasis of liver cancer, and the survival rate of patients with MVI is much lower than that of patients without MVI. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately predict the independent predictors of tumor thrombus formation. This study aimed to assess the risk factors for tumor thrombus grades in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Between August 2011 and December 2022, the data of 231 patients diagnosed with HCC were collected and divided into the following three groups: an MVI-negative group, an MVI-positive group, and a portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) group...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The outcome of liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocarcinoma (HCC) is strongly influenced by HCC staging, which is based on radiological examinations in a pre-LT setting; concordance between pre-LT radiological and definitive pathological staging remains controversial. To address this issue, we retrospectively analyzed our LT series to assess concordance between radiology and pathology and to explore the factors associated with poor concordance and outcomes. We included all LTs with an HCC diagnosis performed between 2013 and 2018...