smartphone diabetes

Introduction Nocturnal hypoglycemia is generally calculated between 00:00 and 06:00. However, those hours may not accurately reflect sleeping patterns and it is unknown whether this leads to bias. We therefore compared hypoglycemia rates whilst asleep to those of clock-based nocturnal hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 (T1D) or insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Participants from the Hypo-METRICS study wore a blinded continuous glucose monitor and a Fitbit Charge 4 activity monitor for 10 weeks...

The use of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in individuals living without diabetes is increasing. The purpose of this study was to profile various CGM metrics around nutritional intake, sleep and exercise in a large cohort of physically active men and women living without any known metabolic disease diagnosis to better understand the normative glycemic response to these common stimuli. A total of 12,504 physically active adults (age 40 ± 11 years, BMI 23.8 ± 3.6 kg/m2 ; 23% self-identified as women) wore a real-time CGM (Abbott Libre Sense Sport Glucose Biosensor, Abbott, USA) and used a smartphone application (Supersapiens Inc...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading global cause of vision loss, accounting for 4.8% of global blindness cases as estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Fundus photography is crucial in ophthalmology as a diagnostic tool for capturing retinal images. However, resource and infrastructure constraints limit access to traditional tabletop fundus cameras in developing countries. Additionally, these conventional cameras are expensive, bulky, and not easily transportable. In contrast, the newer generation of handheld and smartphone-based fundus cameras offers portability, user-friendliness, and affordability...

Glucose is an important biomarker for diagnosing and prognosing various diseases, including diabetes and hypoglycemia, which can have severe side effects, symptoms, and even lead to death in patients. As a result, there is a need for quick and economical glucose level measurements to help identify those at potential risk. With the increase in smartphone users, portable smartphone glucose sensors are becoming popular. In this paper, we present a disposable microfluidic glucose sensor that accurately and rapidly quantifies glucose levels in human urine using a combination of colorimetric analysis and computer vision...

BACKGROUND: Digital health interventions can be effective for blood pressure (BP) control, but a comparison of the effectiveness and application of these types of interventions has not yet been systematically evaluated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of digital health interventions according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) classifications of patients in terms of BP control, lifestyle behaviour changes, and adherence to medication in patients with hypertension in LMICs...

BACKGROUND: Podcasts have proven to be a successful alternative source of educational material for students. Given the ability to listen to podcasts 24/7 and while on the go, this technology has the potential to provide informative and educational material to a large number of people at any given time. Podcasts are usually freely available on commonly used mobile devices, such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets. OBJECTIVE: This paper describes the impact of health-related podcasts as an intervention tool to support the knowledge and awareness of nursing students on a given topic...

AIM: To assess the performance of smartphone based wide-field retinal imaging (WFI) versus ultra-wide-field imaging (UWFI) for assessment of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) as well as locating predominantly peripheral lesions (PPL) of DR. METHODS: Individuals with type 2 diabetes with varying grades of DR underwent nonmydriatic UWFI with Daytona Plus camera followed by mydriatic WFI with smartphone-based Vistaro camera at a tertiary care diabetes centre in South India in 2021-22...

INTRODUCTION: A proper nutrition is essential for human life. Recently, special attention on this topic has been given in relation to three health statuses: obesity, malnutrition and specific diseases that can be related to food or treated with specific diets. Mobile technology is often used to assist users that wish to regulate their eating habits, and identifying which fields of application have been explored the most by the app developers and which main functionalities have been adopted can be useful in view of future app developments...

Digital health technologies are being utilized increasingly in the modern management of diabetes. These include tools such as continuous glucose monitoring systems, connected blood glucose monitoring devices, hybrid closed-loop systems, smart insulin pens, telehealth, and smartphone applications (apps). Although many of these technologies have a solid evidence base, from the perspective of a person living with diabetes, there remain multiple barriers preventing their optimal use, creating a digital divide. In this article, we describe many of the origins of these barriers and offer recommendations on widening access to digital health technologies for underserved populations living with diabetes to improve their health outcomes...

INTRODUCTION: Evidence supporting the use of apps for lifestyle behavior change and diabetes prevention in people at high risk of diabetes is lacking. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the acceptability and effectiveness of smartphone applications (apps) for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and PsychInfo were searched from 2008 to 2023. Included studies involved adults at high risk of developing diabetes evaluating an app intervention with the aim of preventing type 2 diabetes...

BACKGROUND: Digital weight management interventions (DWMIs) have the potential to support existing specialist weight management services (SWMS) in the National Health Service (NHS) to increase access to treatment for people living with obesity and type 2 diabetes. At present, there is limited real-world evidence and long-term outcomes on the potential effectiveness of DWMIs to support such services. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine real-world data to evaluate the impact of Second Nature's 12-month DWMI for patients living with obesity with or without type 2 diabetes, referred from NHS primary care services, on sustained weight loss over a 2-year period...

Herein, we attempted to confine copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) with alumina (Al2 O3 ) as the matrix (Al2 O3 @CuNCs), which effectively circumvented the drawbacks of CuNCs (such as weak photoluminescence and low quantum yield). Al2 O3 @CuNCs demonstrated sensitive response to p-nitrophenol, the catalytic product of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) on account of the inner filter effect and dynamic quenching effect. In light of this, a novel assay was created to identify NAG, a critical indicator of diabetic nephropathy...

Rates of obesity continue to rise in the US and across the globe. Obesity is a risk factor for developing insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. For clinicians, other healthcare providers, and educators, providing patients with accurate and meaningful information about obesity, including lifestyle (diet and exercise) interventions and symptom monitoring, is challenging due to infrequent contact, methods of communication, a lack of effective patient education resources, and inefficient patient feedback methods...

BACKGROUND: A new app, Sukaribit, was designed to enable contact between the caregiver and the patient with the intent to improve self-care and glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c ]). OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the feasibility of the study methodology and the intervention in preparation for a larger effectiveness study. METHODS: Adults with type 2 diabetes were recruited in this randomized controlled feasibility study with a mixed methods design...

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity and a poor diet are modifiable behaviors that contribute to obesity. Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for chronic diseases, including diabetes. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can play an important adjuvant role in preventing and treating chronic diseases and promoting positive health behavior change among people with obesity, and eHealth literacy skills have the potential to impact mHealth app use. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between the 2 dimensions, access and application, of eHealth literacy skills and mHealth app use among US adults (≥18 years of age) with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2 )...

This paper describes the protocol to test the feasibility of the Safe management of people with Type 1 diabetes and EAting Disorders studY (STEADY) intervention. STEADY is a novel complex intervention for people with type 1 diabetes and disordered eating (T1DE) of mild to moderate severity. The STEADY intervention integrates cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) with diabetes education, and was developed using Experience-Based Co-Design. METHODS: The feasibility of STEADY will be tested using a randomised controlled feasibility trial...

BACKGROUND: Smartphone users frequently connect to the Internet via mobile data or Wi-Fi. Over the past two decades, the worldwide percentage of people who connect to the Internet using their mobile phones has increased drastically. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the potential link between mobile cellular data/ and Wi-Fi use and adverse health effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,796 employees (52% female and 48% male) of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), Shiraz, Iran...

Type 2 diabetes, as one of the most common chronic diseases, requires ongoing management and support from the patient; therefore, patient participation and self-management play a pivotal role in controlling and preventing this disease. The increasing use of smartphones has provided a good opportunity for controlling and managing patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mobile health on the self-management of patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran. A systematic review study was conducted from 2010 to 2021...

OBJECTIVE: Several artificial intelligence (AI) systems for diabetic retinopathy screening have been validated but there is limited evidence on their performance in real-world settings. This study aimed to assess the performance of an AI software deployed within the diabetic retinopathy screening programme in Dominica. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional clinical validation study. Patients with diabetes aged 18 years and above attending the diabetic retinopathy screening in primary care facilities in Dominica from 5 June to 3 July 2021 were enrolled...

AIMS: Diabetes is a pressing global health issue, demanding innovative strategies for improved treatment. However, traditional care often falls short of patient goals. To address this, digital health solutions, including smartphone apps and remote monitoring, have emerged as crucial in diabetes management. This study aims to assess a comprehensive intervention, combining remote continuous data monitoring (RCDM) with in-clinic care, for enhancing diabetes-related outcomes. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the digital RCDM component by comparing adherent and non-adherent patients...