Scale Construction

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the independent risk factors associated with iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and to establish receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve to facilitate the diagnosis of iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in clinical settings. METHOD: Pediatric patients who received analgesic and sedative medication at a tertiary hospital in the southern Zhejiang region of China between January 2016 and December 2022 were selected for the study...

INTRODUCTION: With the inclusion of gaming disorder in the ICD-11, diagnostic criteria were introduced for this relatively new disorder. These criteria may be applied to other potential specific Internet-use disorders. The 11-item Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) was developed for consistent screening of gaming disorder, online buying-shopping disorder, online pornography-use disorder, social networks-use disorder, and online gambling disorder. This study tested the construct validity of the ACSID-11, including convergent and divergent measures...

Marine artificial structures provide substrates on which organisms can settle and grow. These structures facilitate establishment and spread of non-indigenous species, in part due to their distinct physical features (substrate material, movement, orientation) compared to natural habitat analogues such as rocky shores, and because following construction, they have abundant resources (space) for species to colonise. Despite the perceived importance of these habitat features, few studies have directly compared distributions of native and non-indigenous species or considered how functional identity and associated environmental preferences drive associations...

The organic matter (OM) and nitrogen in Fresh leachate (FL) from waste compression sites pose environmental and health risks. Even though the constructed wetland (CW) can efficiently remove these pollutants, the molecular-level transformations of dissolved OM (DOM) in FL remain uncertain. This study reports the molecular dynamics of DOM and nitrogen removal during FL treatment in CWs. Two lab-scale vertical-flow CW systems were employed: one using only sand as substrates (act as a control, CW-C) and the other employing an equal mixture of manganese ore powder and sand (experimental, CW-M)...

This paper proposes a reinforced concrete (RC) boundary beam-wall system that requires less construction material and a smaller floor height compared to the conventional RC transfer girder system. The structural performance of this system subjected to axial compression was evaluated by performing a structural test on four specimens of 1/2 scale. In addition, three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis was also performed to verify the effectiveness of the boundary beam-wall system. Three test parameters such as the lower wall length-to-upper wall length ratio, lower wall thickness, and stirrup details of the lower wall were considered...

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare workers play a crucial role in supporting COVID-19 vaccination as they are the most trusted source of information to the public population. Assessing the healthcare workers' hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination is pertinent, however, there are limited validated tools to measure their hesitancy on COVID-19 vaccines. This study aims to adapt and validate the first COVID-19 hesitancy scale among healthcare workers in Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study adapted and translated the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS) developed by the WHO SAGE Working Group...

Ozone (O3 ) profiles are crucial for comprehending the intricate interplay among O3 sources, sinks, and transport. However, conventional O3 monitoring approaches often suffer from limitations such as low spatiotemporal resolution, high cost, and cumbersome procedures. Here, we propose a novel approach that combines multiaxis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) and machine learning (ML) technology. This approach allows the retrieval of O3 profiles with exceptionally high temporal resolution at the minute level and vertical resolution reaching the hundred-meter scale...

Understanding the strength of trade-off and synergistic relationships among ecosystem services (ESs) is crucial for ecological management and restoration in the Fenhe River Basin. However, there is still a lack of sufficient research on the driving variables and spatial pattern optimization of the strength of ESs relationships in this area. Based on the quantitative assessment of six ESs in the Fenhe River Basin in 2000 and 2020, the ecosystem services trade-off synergy index (TSI) was introduced to quantitatively measure the strength of trade-off and synergistic relationships between each pair of ESs...

Hutuo River Basin straddles Shanxi and Hebei provinces, and Hutuo River was once cut off due to economic development and urban expansion after 2000; however, with the national emphasis on ecological civilization and the implementation of the South-North Water Diversion Project, the ecological protection of Hutuo River Basin has been significantly improved. MODIS data, Landsat data, and night light remote sensing data were selected based on the google earth engine (GEE) platform, and a new evaluation index system was generated by combining the biological richness index, vegetation cover index, land stress index, and pollution load index in the ecological environment index (EI) and the humidity index in the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), using the variation coefficient method and entropy weighting method to assign weights to these indices...

With the continuous development of technology, traditional marketing methods no longer meet the needs of the main forces of social consumption, and people urgently need more innovative and personalized marketing strategies. E-commerce companies must develop a comprehensive customer-oriented marketing strategy based on big data and multi-channel to achieve their long-term healthy development. This paper first investigated the impact of the digital economy on e-commerce enterprises, focused on the transformation of the digital economy on the marketing model, expounded the development analysis of e-commerce in the digital economy era, and described the development trend of e-commerce marketing in the digital economy era...

The issue of global climate change has garnered increasing attention, with carbon emissions emerging as a significant challenge confronting the world today. As an important means of environmental management, river basin ecological compensation must break through the traditional thinking of "water-centric" and move towards the coordinated development of "pollution reduction". Therefore, the study chooses the watershed scale ecological compensation experiment carried out in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as a natural experiment...

Rubisco activase (Rca) is an essential photosynthetic enzyme that removes inhibitors from the catalytic sites of the carboxylating enzyme Rubisco. In wheat, Rca is composed of one longer 46 kDa α-isoform and two shorter 42 kDa β-isoforms encoded by the genes TaRca1 and TaRca2 . TaRca1 produces a single transcript from which a short 1β-isoform is expressed, whereas two alternative transcripts are generated from TaRca2 directing expression of either a long 2α-isoform or a short 2β-isoform...

AIM: To investigate the construct validity of the Baby Observational Selective Control AppRaisal (BabyOSCAR), an assessment of independent joint motion in infants with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: BabyOSCAR was scored for 75 infants (45 with CP and 30 without CP). Rasch analysis was used in combination with classical test theory to assess areas of strength or improvement. Overall fit and precision, unidimensionality, local independence, reliability indices, Wright's child-item map, and differential item functioning were examined as part of Rasch analysis to investigate the item properties, internal construct validity, and reliability of BabyOSCAR...

The ability to precisely control in vitro enzymatic reactions in synthetic cells plays a crucial role in the bottom-up design of artificial cell models that can recapitulate the key cellular features and functions such as metabolism. However, integration of enzymatic reactions has been limited to bulk or microfluidic emulsions without a membrane, lacking the ability to design more sophisticated higher-order artificial cell communities for reconstituting spatiotemporal biological information at multiple length scales...

Competing endogenous RNAs play key roles in cellular molecular mechanisms through cross-talk in post-transcriptional interactions. Studies on ceRNA cross-talk, which is particularly dependent on the abundance of free transcripts, generally involve large- and small-scale studies involving the integration of transcriptomic data from tissues and correlation analyses. This abundance-dependent nature of ceRNA interactions suggests that tissue- and condition-specific ceRNA dynamics may fluctuate. However, there are no comprehensive studies investigating the ceRNA interactions in normal tissue, ceRNAs that are lost and/or appear in cancerous tissues or their interactions...

Laparoscopic and robotic surgery is a challenge to the surgeon's hand-eye coordination ability, which requires constant practice. Traditional mentor training is gradually shifting to simulation training based on various models. Laparoscopic and robotic bilioenteric anastomosis is an important and difficult operation in hepatobiliary surgery. We constructed and optimized the reusable modular 3D-printed models of choledochal cyst. The aim of this study was to verify the ability of this optimized model to distinguish between surgeons with different levels of proficiency and the benefits of repeated practice...

Despite increasing efforts across various disciplines, the fate, transport, and impact of synthetic plastics on the environment and public health remain poorly understood. To better elucidate the microbial ecology of plastic waste and its potential for biotransformation, we conducted a large-scale analysis of all publicly available meta-omic studies investigating plastics (n = 27) in the environment. Notably, we observed low prevalence of known plastic degraders throughout most environments, except for substantial enrichment in riverine systems...

To accelerate medical breakthroughs, the All of Us Research Program aims to collect data from over one million participants. This report outlines processes used to construct the All of Us Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) survey and presents the psychometric characteristics of SDOH survey measures in All of Us. A consensus process was used to select SDOH measures, prioritizing concepts validated in diverse populations and other national cohort surveys. Survey item non-response was calculated, and Cronbach's alpha was used to analyze psychometric properties of scales...

In vitro biotransformation (ivBT) facilitated by in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems (ivSEBs) has emerged as a highly promising biosynthetic platform. Several ivSEBs have been constructed to produce poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) via acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). However, some systems are hindered by their reliance on costly ATP, limiting their practicality. This study presents the design of an ATP-free ivSEB for one-pot PHB biosynthesis via acetyl-CoA utilizing starch-derived maltodextrin as the sole substrate...

The advancement of flexible electronics demands improved components, necessitating heat dissipation membranes (HDMs) to exhibit high thermal conductivity while maintaining structural integrity and performance stability even after extensive deformation. Herein, we have devised a laser-modulated reduction technique for graphene oxide (GO), enabling the fabrication of high-quality, large-scale, low-defect graphene, which yields high-performance HDMs after orderly deposition. The work underscores the crucial role of the laser wavelength and dispersion liquid's coupling intensity in influencing the morphology and properties of graphene...