Marijuana ms

Bullying, traditional or cyber, among adolescents, is a public health concern. In this study, we explored frequencies and correlates of different forms of bullying among Connecticut high-school students. Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from 2019 from Connecticut adolescents (N = 1814) were used. χ2 tests and survey-weighted logistic regressions examined relationships between bullying subgroups (in-school traditional bullying (ISTB) only, cyberbullying only, and both) and mental concerns, risk behaviors, academic performance, physical health, and receipt of social support, with the logistic regressions adjusted for demographics...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the changes in alcohol and drug use by Brazilian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (April-August 2021), and to analyze the relationship between alcohol use changes and psychiatric symptomatology. METHODS: A secondary analysis with a longitudinal approach was performed with data from a cluster-randomized controlled trial, conducted in 73 public middle schools in three Brazilian cities, to evaluate the effectiveness of a drug use prevention program...

PURPOSE: The American Dental Association advocates for dentists' education on therapeutic and legal issues related to medical cannabis. It is important to understand current knowledge of cannabis and cannabinoids and to have a practical knowledge assessment instrument. This exploratory study is the first of its kind to assess dental students' knowledge of cannabis and aims to determine if there is a need for more instruction regarding cannabis in a dental school's curriculum. METHODS: Predoctoral dental students at the University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine were recruited to participate...

INTRODUCTION: Medicinal cannabis might have a role in supporting the mental health of people with cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy and safety of medicinal cannabis, compared with any control, as an intervention for depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in people living with cancer. A secondary aim was to examine the effect of low versus high Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) dose on these outcomes. METHODS: Five databases were systematically searched, and complemented with a snowball search from inception to May 2023, for any type of interventional study that included humans of any age with any cancer type...

INTRODUCTION: The use of electronic vaping products (EVPs) containing nicotine, marijuana, and/or other substances remains prominent among youth; with EVPs containing nicotine being the most commonly used tobacco product among youth since 2014. However, a detailed understanding of the chemical composition of these products is limited. METHODS: During February 25th-March 15th, 2019, a total of 576 EVPs, including 233 e-cigarette devices (with 43 disposable vape pens) and 343 e-liquid cartridges/pods/bottled e-liquids, were found or confiscated from a convenience sample of 16 public high schools in California...

This article presents the case of a 21-year-old female with a psychiatric history of depression and a history of chronic cannabis use who presented to the emergency department after overdosing on ondansetron and was urine test positive for marijuana (tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)). The patient was later transferred to a psychiatric unit for further evaluation, and after six days of hospitalization and cessation of marijuana, the patient demonstrated gradual improvement in her mental status examination and was deemed fit for discharge with follow-up instructions...

INTRODUCTION: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a widely utilized nonpsychoactive cannabinoid available as a prescriptive drug treatment and over-the-counter supplement. In humans, CBD is metabolized and forms the major active metabolite 7-hydroxy-cannabidiol (7-OH-CBD), which is further metabolized to 7-carboxy-cannabidiol (7-COOH-CBD). In the current study, plasma concentrations of CBD, 7-OH-CBD, and 7-COOH-CBD were measured, and the potential influences of sex, race, and body mass index (BMI) on the pharmacokinetic variability were assessed...

BACKGROUND: Cannabis use and nonmedical use of prescription opioids are consumed by a small to moderate number of adolescents. However, little is known about their combined influence on mental health in this age group. This study examined the association between cannabis use, nonmedical use of prescription opioids, or both with serious psychological distress among adolescents and tested if sex could moderate these associations. METHODS: We based our analyses on cross-sectional data from the 2019 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a provincially representative sample of students in grades 7 through 12 (aged 11-20 years or older) across Ontario, Canada (n= 7097; mean age: 15...

OBJECTIVE: This article tests the substance use behaviors of college students before and during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: In-depth assessment and nightly survey data was used from a longitudinal study ( n  = 675) which examined student substance use during the 2019-2020 academic year, both before and during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in beer/wine, tobacco, liquor, and marijuana use before versus during the pandemic, in addition to the interaction of COVID-19, were tested with gender and subjective social status...

PURPOSE: To examine associations between past-year mental illness (MI) diagnoses and e-cigarette use status. DESIGN: Data were obtained from the National College Health Assessment, a nationally recognized cross-sectional survey of university students. SETTING: Participants were recruited from 2-year and 4-year public and private universities across the United States from 2017-2019. SUBJECTS: The analytic sample included 277 291 university students...

External contamination of hair by cannabis smoking requires a careful evaluation in forensic toxicology. Medical and recreational cannabis are increasingly consumed by e-cigarettes, which give rise to side-stream vapor. Moreover, products containing low Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and rich in cannabidiol (CBD) started spreading legally. The goal of the present study was to assess whether hair analysis could allow to distinguish the type of delivered product, with low or high Δ9-THC, and the delivering mode, by smoking or vaping...

PURPOSE: To examine the associations of age when first substance use and early-onset substance use before age 18 with age at onset (AAO) of hypertension. METHODS: This study included 19,270 individuals with AAO of hypertension from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Age when first use of 10 substance use variables included alcohol, daily cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogens, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), inhalants, and methamphetamine use...

BACKGROUND: Adolescent girls whose families experience poverty are more vulnerable to psychopathology, and it is vital to investigate biopsychosocial factors contributing to mental health functioning. OBJECTIVE: To test associations between prenatal exposure to substances, intergenerational maltreatment, and adolescent mental health symptoms. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Baseline data were used from a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT-A) for depression among girls with and without maltreatment exposure...

Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are increasingly popular cannabinoids. Measuring metabolites in urine is an important tool for detecting use and/or exposure as well as for monitoring elimination of these two drugs. Distinguishing between the metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC-COOH) and the analogous metabolite of the more common and naturally abundant Δ9-THC: 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC-COOH) is analytically challenging due to structural similarities between the two compounds...

Marijuana is one of the most frequently used drugs in the United States. The major psychoactive ingredient of the marijuana plant is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) with delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) also being a minor psychoactive ingredient. Marijuana has several clinical applications, but it is more notably used for recreational purposes. Δ8-THC elicits similar but diminished psychotropic effects to Δ9-THC, and the popularity of consuming synthetically produced Δ8-THC is on the rise...

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to analyze the effects of cannabis oil (cannabidiol:tetrahydrocannabinol [CBD:THC], 2:1 ratio) on the mechanisms involved in hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome (MS) induced by a sucrose-rich diet (SRD). We hypothesized that noninvasive oral cannabis oil administration improves hepatic steatosis through a lower activity of lipogenic enzymes and an increase in carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) enzyme activity involved in the mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids...

Objective: Cannabis use in college students has increased over time and is linked to negative consequences. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many students experienced greater stress, which could heighten cannabis use and related consequences. This study was designed to clarify motivations for cannabis use that may link pandemic-related stressors to time spent high and cannabis-related consequences. Participants: A total of 488 cannabis-using college students (75% women) participated. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered in Fall 2020 and Spring 2021 to examine students' experiences during the pandemic...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Burnout syndrome (BS) has been evaluated in few populations of medical students, and its relationship with depression is even less studied. The objective was to determine the frequency of BS in medical students of the Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), in Tunja, Colombia, as well as its association with depression and other social, economic, demographic, and academic factors. METHODS: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out on 182 UPTC medical students during 2018...

INTRODUCTION: Cannabinoids are a group of compounds that bind to cannabinoid receptors. They possess pharmacological properties like that of the plant Cannabis sativa. Gas chromatography (GC) is one of the popular chromatographic techniques that has been routinely used in the analysis of cannabinoids in different matrices. OBJECTIVE: The article aims to review the literature on the application of GC-based analytical methods for the analysis of phytocannabinoids published during the period from January 2020 to August 2023...

INTRODUCTION: Cannabidiol (CBD) has several potential benefits and therapeutic uses, especially in pain, inflammation, and anxiety. CBD has high hydrophobicity and very low solubility in water. CBD has also shown exceptionally low oral-gastrointestinal (oral-GI) bioavailability. In this study, we aimed to examine the oral gastrointestinal absorption and subsequent bioavailability of CBD in a nanoemulsion formulation prepared by Pressure BioSciences' UltraShearTM technology. METHODS: CBD nanoemulsion (2%) was provided by Pressure BioSciences, Inc...