petechial rash

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is known to occur when fat macroglobules get embolized into the blood circulation, whereby they then get dispersed out to multiple organs including the brain. It's typically diagnosed when the patient sustains a neurological dysfunction, respiratory insufficiency, and petechial rash, the classical triad of FES. Cerebral fat embolism occurrence is rarely seen. In this case report, a 20-year-old male was admitted due to a closed left midshaft femur fracture from a motor vehicle accident, and sustained cerebral manifestation of fat embolism syndrome 32 hours post the incident...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the major cause of neurological sequelae in infants. Immune control of primary HCMV infection appears to depend on the interaction between humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. We report the case of an HCMV-transmitter mother observed with dissociation between humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The patient had immunoglobulin (Ig) G and M positivity at 11 weeks of gestation and showed fetal hyperechoic bowel and minimal ascites at 21 weeks of gestation. At 25 weeks of gestation, the polymerase chain reaction result for HCMV using amniotic fluid was positive...

INTRODUCTION: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare vasculitis of small and medium sized blood vessels. CASE DESCRIPTION: Thirteen-year-old male, with history of rhinitis and asthma, who presented to the emergency room with one week of asthenia, arthralgias and myalgias and two days of fever. A diffuse petechial rash, palpable purpura and polyarthritis were detected on examination. Leukocytosis (34990/μL) with eosinophilia (66%) and elevated C-reactive protein were identified...

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired thrombocytopenia resulting from immune-mediated platelet destruction via antiplatelet antibodies and T cells. Medical management of ITP includes corticosteroids and multiple other adjunct therapies, with splenectomy generally being reserved for severe, refractory cases. In this clinical case report, we describe the evaluation of a 35-year-old male with a history of prior traumatic splenic injury who presented to the emergency department endorsing easy bruising and a petechial rash, ultimately found to have severe thrombocytopenia...

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated event, characterised by the destruction of platelets by autoantibodies resulting in isolated thrombocytopaenia (platelets <100 x109 /L). In children, most cases are preceded by a viral infection. Cases of ITP in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described. We describe a previously healthy boy, who presented with an extensive frontal and periorbital haematoma, petechial rash on the trunk and coryza. He had suffered a minor head trauma, 9 days before admission...

UNLABELLED: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP)/immunoglobulin A vasculitis is an acute immunoglobulin-mediated vascular disorder compromising a triad of non-blanchable purpuric rashes, colicky abdominal pain and haematuria. Incidence ranging for large populations has been most common vasculitis among children with a mean age of 6years. Disease presentation ranges from small petechial rash to the most severe form of renal involvement so early diagnosis is important. CASE PRESENTATION: Here the authors present a 4-year-old girl with antecedent allergic history associated HSP...

The Rumpel-Leede sign, characterized by a non-blanching petechial rash distal to venous occlusion, has historically been associated with thrombocytopenia and capillary fragility. This phenomenon has been observed in various situations involving pressure application, such as tourniquet tests and continuous non-invasive pressure monitoring. Here, we present a case of Rumpel-Leede sign occurring after transulnar percutaneous coronary angiography in a 55-year-old female patient with a history of myocardial infarction...

IgA vasculitis, also known as Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP), is an inflammatory disorder of small blood vessels that can present with palpable purpura, arthralgias, abdominal pain, and kidney disease. It is most commonly found in pediatric patients after an inciting infection but has been seen across all ages and associated with certain drugs and vaccines. COVID-19 has been associated with various cutaneous manifestations, but HSP is a rarely reported one. We present a case of a 21-year-old female presenting with a petechial rash found to be seronegative IgA vasculitis presenting concurrently with dyspnea secondary to COVID-19...

Administration of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) vaccination has recently been associated with rare, unusual cases of thrombotic events. We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented to hospital with headaches, petechial rashes and bruising-7 days after receiving her first vaccine dose. Blood tests showed low platelets, a markedly high d-dimer and positive anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies. Computed tomography (CT) of head and venogram showed features consistent with venous sinus thrombosis...

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic hit the entire world with severe health and economic consequences. Although the infection primarily affected the respiratory system, it was soon recognized that COVID-19 has a multi-systemic component with various manifestations including cutaneous involvement. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to assess the incidence and patterns of cutaneous manifestations among moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients who required hospitalization and whether there was a prognostic indication for cutaneous involvement and the outcome in terms of recovery or death...

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Background  Dengue fever (DF) is a common viral disease, clinical manifestations of which vary from influenza-like illness (DF) to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The aim of this article was to study the clinical profile of DF in young adults. Material and Methods  This was an observational study conducted in the department of medicine over a period of 2 years (January 1, 2013-December 31, 2014). Patients aged between 18 and 30 years with serology proven (nonstructural protein 1 [NS1]/dengue immunoglobulin M [IgM]) DF were included in this study...

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and clinical predictors of invasive bacterial infection (IBI) in well-appearing children who present to the emergency department (ED) with fever and petechiae. DESIGN: A prospective, observational, multicentre study was conducted in 18 hospitals between November 2017 and October 2019. PATIENTS: A total of 688 patients were recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the presence of IBI...

BACKGROUND: Although medical literature describes pediatric scurvy as "rare", a growing number of case reports suggests otherwise. Patients often undergo costly and unnecessary workup due to unfamiliarity with the presentation of scurvy. This case report further supports the small yet growing literature documenting scurvy and its manifestations in patients with eating disorders. CASE PRESENTATION: A 15-year-old female presented to the emergency department with bilateral knee and ankle swelling and pain in the setting of chronic lower limb rash and BMI of 16...

The most common cutaneous manifestations of alcoholism include urticarial reaction, flushing, porphyria cutanea tarda, psoriasis, rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, and pruritus. Here, we present a case of a young male with a history of alcohol abuse who presented with non-blanching, petechial, and perifollicular macular rash secondary to vitamin C deficiency in view of poor oral intake. The rash improved significantly with vitamin C supplementation. Although rare in developed countries, clinicians should keep vitamin C deficiency as a differential diagnosis for skin rash in alcohol consumers...

AIM: This study investigated febrile children with petechial rashes who presented to European emergency departments (EDs) and investigated the role that mechanical causes played in diagnoses. METHODS: Consecutive patients with fever presenting to EDs in 11 European emergency departments in 2017-2018 were enrolled. The cause and focus of infection were identified and a detailed analysis was performed on children with petechial rashes. The results are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)...

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a mild exanthematous, febrile disease, but it also remains a threat to global public health. HFMD is characterized by a brief febrile illness in children and with a typical skin rash of the hand and foot, with or without mouth ulcers. However, the morphology and distribution of vesicles, as well as accompanying symptoms, are varied among atypical HFMD. An upsurge in atypical presentations of HFMD caused by Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6), including Gianotti-Crosti-like eruptions, eczema coxsackium, petechial/purpuric eruption, and vesiculobullous exanthema, can be difficult to diagnose clinically as it may mimic other severe skin diseases, such as eczema herpeticum, varicella, disseminated zoster, and erythema multiforme major...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Vitamin C deficiency, one of the oldest-known nutritional disorders, is now uncommon in high-income countries. Recently, however, there has been an increase in cases of vitamin C deficiency, also known as scurvy. We report three adult patients with histories of homelessness, food insecurity, and poor nutrition, making them particularly vulnerable to restrictive diets and at increased risk for scurvy. After proper diagnosis and treatment, favorable outcomes can be rapidly obtained. This case series emphasizes the importance of keeping a broad differential diagnosis and inquiring about nutritional history in patients presenting with purpura, gingival bleeding, and body hair changes...