Ada 2014

In 2014, the American Diabetes Association instituted a novel funding paradigm to support diabetes research through its Pathway to Stop Diabetes® Program. Pathway took a multifaceted approach to provide key funding to diabetes researchers in advancing a broad spectrum of research programs centered on all aspects of understanding, managing, and treating diabetes. Herein the personal perspective of a 2019 Pathway Accelerator awardee is offered, describing a research program seeking to advance a materials-centered approach to engineering glucose-responsive devices and new delivery tools for better therapeutic outcomes in treating diabetes...

In 2014, the American Diabetes Association instituted a novel funding paradigm to support diabetes research through its Pathway to Stop Diabetes® Program. Pathway took a multifaceted approach to provide key funding to diabetes researchers in advancing a broad spectrum of research programs centered on all aspects of understanding, managing, and treating diabetes. Herein the personal perspective of a 2019 Pathway Accelerator awardee is offered, describing a research program seeking to advance a materials-centered approach to engineering glucose-responsive devices and new delivery tools for better therapeutic outcomes in treating diabetes...

OBJECTIVES: Delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) is the most severe complication of carbon monoxide poisoning, which seriously endangers patients' quality of life. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2 ) on improving dementia symptoms in patients with DEACMP. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on DEACMP patients, who visited Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from June 2014 to June 2020...

BACKGROUND: HDV-prevalence in Italy and its fluctuations over-time are controversial. Furthermore, an extensive characterization of HDV-infected patients is still missing. METHODS: The rate of HDV-seroprevalence and HDV-chronicity was assessed in 1,579 HBsAg+patients collected from 2005 to 2022 in Central-Italy. RESULTS: 45.3% of HBsAg+patients received HDV-screening with an increasing temporal-trend: 15.6% (2005-2010), 45.0% (2011-2014), 49...

PURPOSE: To report the trends of immunosuppressive drug use for non-infectious uveitis and explore their relationship with industry payments. METHODS: A retrospective review of ophthalmologists reimbursed by Medicare for the administration of adalimumab (ADA), repository corticotropin (RCI), methotrexate (MTX), and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) between 2014 and 2018. RESULTS: A total of 316 ophthalmologists were reimbursed by Medicare for 1567 ADA, 465 RCI, 1752 MTX, and 12 333 MMF administrations...

Laparoscopic liver resections (LLR) have been widely accepted as a treatment option for liver tumors. They offer several advantages over open liver resections, including less blood loss, reduced wound pain, and shorter hospital stays with a comparable oncological outcome. However, laparoscopic resection of lesions in the right posterior section of the liver is challenging due to difficulties in bleeding control and visualizing the surgical field. In the past, laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy (LRPS) was still in the exploration phase, with undefined risks in the Second International Consensus Conference on LLR in 2014...

BACKGROUND: This study compared real-world effectiveness between adalimumab (ADA) and infliximab (IFX) in children with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Children enrolled into the prospective Canadian Children Inflammatory Bowel Disease Network (CIDsCaNN) National Inception Cohort between 2014 and 2020 who commenced ADA or IFX as first anti-tumor necrosis factor (antiTNF) agent for luminal CD were included. Multivariate logistic regression modelled the propensity of commencing ADA; propensity score matching was used to match IFX-treated children to ADA-treated children...

INTRODUCTION: The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) is a frailty assessment tool associated with adverse postoperative outcomes including 180 and 365-d mortality. However, the RAI has been criticized for only containing subjective inputs rather than including more objective components such as biomarkers. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the benefit of adding common biomarkers to the RAI using the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VASQIP) database...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review effectiveness studies comparing two biological anti-tumour necrosis factor agents, adalimumab (ADA) and infliximab (IFX), in the management of autoimmune uveitis. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from 2014 until February 2022. The search included the following keywords "Adalimumab", "Infliximab", "Autoimmune", "Anterior", "Intermediate", "Posterior", "Panuveitis", "Refractory" and "Uveitis"...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the remission rate, metabolic changes, and quality of life after bariatric surgery among Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 main centers in the Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study included patients with T2DM who underwent either laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery from 2014 to 2018. The remission rate was defined based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria...

PURPOSE: Recently, the 2022 American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes (ADA-EASD) consensus report stressed the importance of weight control in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes; weight control should be a primary target of therapy. This retrospective analysis evaluated, through an artificial-intelligence (AI) projection of data from the AMD Annals database-a huge collection of most Italian diabetology medical records covering 15 years (2005-2019)-the potential effects of the extended use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and of glucose-like peptide 1 receptor antagonists (GLP-1-RAs) on HbA1c and weight...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between diabetes status and the risk of breast cancer among adult Americans, exploring the impact of BMI, age, and race on this relationship. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of 8,249 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was conducted. Diabetes was categorized as type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, with both conditions diagnosed according to the ADA 2014 guidelines...

BACKGROUND: The initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) based on results of WHO-approved microbiological diagnostics is an important marker of quality tuberculosis (TB) care. Evidence suggests that other diagnostic processes leading to treatment initiation may be preferred in high TB incidence settings. This study examines whether private providers start anti-TB therapy on the basis of chest radiography (CXR) and clinical examinations. METHODS: This study uses the standardized patient (SP) methodology to generate accurate and unbiased estimates of private sector, primary care provider practice when a patient presents a standardized TB case scenario with an abnormal CXR...

BACKGROUND: Outdoor air pollution is supposed to influence the course of bronchiolitis, but the evidence is limited. The present study aimed at evaluating the role of outdoor air pollutants on hospitalization for bronchiolitis. METHODS: Infants aged ≤12 months referred for bronchiolitis to our Pediatric Emergency Department in Bologna, Italy, from 1 October 2011 to 16 March 2020 (nine epidemic seasons) were retrospectively included. Daily concentrations of benzene (C6 H6 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), particulate matter ≤2...

IMPORTANCE: Spouses share common socioeconomic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, and multiple studies have found that spousal diabetes status was associated with diabetes prevalence. But the association of spousal diabetes status and ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHMs) assessed by the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 measures with incident diabetes has not been comprehensively characterized, especially in large-scale cohort studies. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of spousal diabetes status and cardiovascular health metrics with risk of incident diabetes in Chinese adults...

Tibial eminentia fractures are avulsion fractures of the anterior cruciate ligament caused with additional injuries like meniscus tears or ligamentous injuries. Arthroscopic assisted internal fixation has become a preferred technique with the development of arthroscopic techniques. We aimed to present our results for arthroscopic assisted double tibial tunnel fixation in patients with displaced eminentia fracture. Twenty patients who were operated on for eminentia fracture between January 2010 and May 2014 were included in this study...

Specific HBsAg mutations are known to hamper HBsAg recognition by neutralizing antibodies thus challenging HBV-vaccination efficacy. Nevertheless, information on their impact and spreading over time is limited. Here, we characterize the circulation of vaccine-escape mutations from 2005 to 2019 and their correlation with virological parameters in a large cohort of patients infected with HBV genotype-D ( N  = 947), dominant in Europe. Overall, 17.7% of patients harbours ≥1 vaccine-escape mutation with the highest prevalence in subgenotype-D3...

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) in the western basin of Lake Erie are dominated by microcystin producing Microcystis spp., but other cyanobacterial taxa that coexist in these communities may play important roles in production of toxins and shaping bloom dynamics and community function. In this study, we used metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data from the 2014 western Lake Erie cyanoHAB to explore the genetic diversity and biosynthetic potential of cyanobacteria belonging to the Anabaena, Dolichospermum, Aphanizomenon (ADA) clade...

The Russia-Ukrainian War refers to the ongoing hostilities between Russia and Ukraine. It was first focused on whether Crimea and the Donbass were formally recognised as being a part of Ukraine when Russia started it in February 2014. The conflict dramatically grew when Russia began its incursion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, following a military build-up on the Russian-Ukrainian border that started in late 2021. Examining public perceptions of the crisis between Russia and Ukraine is the goal of this piece...

BACKGROUND: Metformin use has been associated with improved survival in patients with different types of cancer, but research regarding the effect of metformin on cutaneous melanoma (CM) survival is sparse and inconclusive. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between metformin use and survival among patients with CM and diabetes. METHODS: All adult patients with a primary invasive CM between 2007 and 2014 were identified in the Swedish Melanoma Registry and followed until death, or end of follow-up on 31 December 2017 in this population-based cohort study...