traumatología

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UNLABELLED: Every year 50,000 open fractures occur in Mexico; the complication rate is 20%, and infection is the number one complication. The infection rate at the global level is 3%. The infection rate reported in Mexico is 4.4% (1999) overall for open fractures, with infection rates ranging from 0.8 to 15.6% according to the degree of exposure; however, no updated data are available. METHODS: A retrospective, longitudinal, descriptive, observational study was designed, that included a total of 273 cases...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a worldwide public health problem, with an annual incidence of 1-2 cases/1,000 individuals in the general population and a 1-5% associated mortality. Orthopedic surgery is a major surgical risk factor for VTE, but the problem is more important for patients with hip and knee joint replacement, multiple traumatisms, severe damage to the spine, or large fractures. Thromboprophylaxis is defined as the strategy and actions necessary to diminish the risk of VTE in high-risk orthopedic surgery...

Venous thromboembolic disease (VTED) is a public health problem worldwide. In the United States it causes 2 million annual cases. Its annual incidence is 1-2 cases per 1,000 individuals in the general population. It is a disease frequently associated with life threatening complications and its mortality rate is 1-5% of cases. Due to its high complication rate, its slow recovery, and the need for prolonged disability, it is considered as a high-cost disease. VTED may occur in both surgical and medical patients; the known associated risk factors include prolonged rest, active cancer, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke, among the major medical conditions...

BACKGROUND: treatment of frontal sinus fractures remains controversial. If the posterior wall is fractured and there is cerebrospinal fluid leak, treatment seeks to restore the integrity of the dura and isolate the intracranial contents through the obliteration of the nasofrontal duct and cranialization. Another group supports nonoperative management CSF leakage is produced. The purpose is to avoid complications of meningitis, fistula and late sequelae. The difficulty lies in predicting which patients will develop complications...

The authors evaluate the results of surgery of fresh injuries of the thoracolumbar spine achieved by transpedicular fixation, using ridged plates. At the orthopaedic clinic in Brno-Bohunice this technique was systematically introduced in 1989; in 1991 they started to use a better principle of stabilization by an internal fixation device. The authors used plates fixed in a transpedicular way in 58 injured subjects. Most frequently fractures of L1, T12 and L2 were involved, usually of a burst type. In more than half the patients they recorded a nervous deficit of varying degree...

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BACKGROUND: OsiriX, a Mac OS X-based open source program, is presented as a useful tool to process tomographic images for diagnosis and preoperative planning in patients with facial fractures. METHODS: CT scans were performed on 124 patients with facial fractures treated at the Department of Maxillofacial and Reconstructive Surgery of the Hospital de Traumatología y Ortopedia "Lomas Verdes" in Mexico City. Information obtained was recorded in DICOM format in CDs and processed in a Macintosh laptop with OsiriX software, doing multiplanar and 3D reconstructions...

Paget's disease of bone is a chronic focal abnormality of bone turnover that remains totally asymptomatic over a very long period of time but that eventually ensue in bone pain and skeletal deformities. Although, in the last decade new insights have been obtained on its etiology, this remains largely obscure. Effective medical treatment (based on the use of bisphosphonates) has become available and the diagnostic procedures are now well defined. However, there remains considerable controversy regarding the hierarchy of diagnostic procedures and the medical treatment threshold...

BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to evaluate the clinical and functional effect of hydrodissetion of the paratendon in the postoperative period of patients submitted to surgery of reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament. METHODS: A non-controlled clinical study was conducted at the Unidad de Alta Especialidad de Ortopedia y Traumatología "Magdalena de las Salinas," Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City. Twenty two patients and 23 controls were included...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

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The diagnostic categories of the patients discharged from the "Hospital das Clínicas" of the University of São Paulo in 1989 were arranged according the International Classification of Diseases (I.C.D.) and analysed. In each Group sex, age and the reason of discharge or death was indicated. The data concerning 39,601 cases were provided by the Medical Data Service of the "Instituto Central" of the "Hospital das Clínicas". Only the principal diagnosis was taken into account. In the "Instituto de Psiquiatria" most the patients (55...

Some previous studies have shown that administration of contaminated enteral diets may produce nosocomial infections in critical patients. There is a series of factors in these patients which may enhance the risk of clinical complications deriving from the administration of enteral nutrition (EN) contaminated by microorganisms (alteration of the immunological state, increased stomach pH, reduced intestinal motility, reduced mucosa production, etc.). This study examines EN contamination in critical patients admitted to the ICU of the Hospital Universitario de Traumatología y Rehabilitación de las C...

The aim of these studies was the analysis of the psychological repercussions on the closest members of families of 76 gravely traumatised patients admitted into the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Hospital Universitario de Rehabilitación y Traumatología "Virgen del Rocio", Sevilla (Spain). An investigation based on social information and the Clinical Analysis Questionnaire was used. The sample of family members was composed of 42 women and 34 men, with an average age of 41.3 years (SD +/- 12.8). Results showed that (a) more than 50% of the family members of gravely traumatised patients admitted into an ICU showed symptoms of depression, (b) the women scored more points in hypochondria, suicidal depression, anxious depression, low-energy depression, guilt-resentment, apathy-withdrawal, paranoia, schizophrenia, psychasthenia and psychological disadjustment, and (c) in general terms, the psychological characteristics of the families were far from the norm of the control group...

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