heat stress plant

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Trichosanthis pericarpium (TP; Gualoupi, pericarps of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to reduce heat, resolve phlegm, promote Qi, and clear chest congestion. It is also an essential herbal ingredient in the "Gualou Xiebai" formula first recorded by Zhang Zhongjing (from the Eastern Han Dynasty) in the famous TCM classic "Jin-Guì-Yào-Lüe" for treating chest impediments. According to its traditional description, Gualou Xiebai is indicated for symptoms of chest impediments, which correspond to coronary heart diseases (CHD)...

Much progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant adaptation to heat stress. However, the great diversity of models and stress conditions, and the fact that analyses are often limited to a small number of approaches, complicate the picture. We took advantage of a liquid culture system in which Arabidopsis seedlings are arrested in their development, thus avoiding interference with development and drought stress responses, to investigate through an integrative approach seedlings' global response to heat stress and acclimation...

High temperatures delay tuberization and decrease potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) yields. However, the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying tuberization under high temperatures remain largely unknown. Here, we performed the mRNA and miRNA sequencing of leaves and stems to identify genes and regulatory networks involved in tuberization under high temperatures. A total of 2804 and 5001 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under high-temperature stress were identified in leaves and stems, respectively...

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades act as crucial signaling modules that regulate plant growth and development, response to biotic/abiotic stresses, and plant immunity. MAP3Ks can be activated through MAP4K phosphorylation in non-plant systems, but this has not been reported in plants to date. Here, we identified a total of 234 putative TaMAPK family members in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). They included 48 MAPKs , 17 MAP2Ks , 144 MAP3Ks , and 25 MAP4Ks . We conducted systematic analyses of the evolution, domain conservation, interaction networks, and expression profiles of these TaMAPK-TaMAP4K (representing TaMAPK , TaMAP2K , TaMAP3K , and TaMAP4K ) kinase family members...

Tree growth is a key mechanism driving carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems. Environmental conditions are important regulators of tree growth that can vary considerably between nearby urban and rural forests. For example, trees growing in cities often experience hotter and drier conditions than their rural counterparts while also being exposed to higher levels of light, pollution, and nutrient inputs. However, the extent to which these intrinsic differences in the growing conditions of trees in urban versus rural forests influence tree growth response to climate is not well known...

Crop production is increasingly threatened by the escalating weather events and rising temperatures associated with global climate change. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms, including stress memory, to cope with abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, and salinity. Stress memory involves priming, where plants remember prior stress exposures, providing enhanced responses to subsequent stress events. Stress memory can manifest as somatic, intergenerational, or transgenerational memory, persisting for different durations...

The warm edges of species' distributions are vulnerable under global warming. Evidence is the recent range retraction from there found in many species. It is unclear why populations cannot easily adapt to warmer, drier, or combined hot and dry conditions and locally persist. Here, we assessed the ability to adapt to these stressors in the temperate species Arabidopsis lyrata. We grew plants from replicate seed families of a central population with high genetic diversity under a temperature and precipitation regime typical of the low-latitude margin or under hotter and/or drier conditions within naturally occurring amplitudes...

Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like ( CrRLK1L ) genes encode a subfamily of receptor-like kinases (RLK) that regulate diverse processes during plant growth, development, and stress responses. The first CrRLK1L was identified from the Catharanthus roseus , commonly known as Madagascar periwinkle. Subsequently, CrRLK1L gene families have been characterized in many plants. The genome of T. aestivum encodes 15 CrRLK1L genes with 43 paralogous copies, with three homeologs each, except for -2- D and -7- A, which are absent...

BACKGROUND: Weed control is essential for agricultural floor management in vineyards and the inter-row mulching is an eco-friendly practice to inhibit weed growth via filtering out photosynthetically active radiation. Besides weed suppression, inter-row mulching can influence grapevine growth and the accumulation of metabolites in grape berries. However, the complex interaction of multiple factors in the field challenges the understanding of molecular mechanisms on the regulated metabolites...

Understanding gene expression dynamics in the context of the time of day and temperature response is an important part of understanding plant thermotolerance in a changing climate. Performing "gating" experiments under constant conditions and light-dark cycles allows users to identify and dissect the contribution of the time of day and circadian clock to the dynamic nature of stress-responsive genes. Here, we describe the design of specific laboratory experiments in plants (Arabidopsis thaliana and bread wheat, Triticum aestivum) to investigate temporal responses to heat (1 h at 37 °C) or cold (3 h at 4 °C), and we include known marker genes that have circadian-gated responses to temperature changes...

Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo ( D. officinale ) is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, celebrated for its abundant bioactive ingredients. This study demonstrated that the diurnal temperature difference (DIF) (T1: 13/13 °C, T2: 25/13 °C, and T3: 25/25 °C) was more favorable for high chlorophyll, increased polysaccharide, and total flavonoid contents compared to constant temperature treatments in D. officinale PLBs. The transcriptome analysis revealed 4251, 4404, and 4536 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in three different comparisons (A: 25/13 °C vs...

Salinity is one of the substantial threats to plant productivity and could be escorted by other stresses such as heat and drought. It impairs critical biological processes, such as photosynthesis, energy, and water/nutrient acquisition, ultimately leading to cell death when stress intensity becomes uncured. Therefore, plants deploy several proper processes to overcome such hostile circumstances. Grapevine is one of the most important crops worldwide that is relatively salt-tolerant and preferentially cultivated in hot and semi-arid areas...

The characterization of the PYL/RCAR ABA receptors in a great deal of plant species has dramatically advanced the study of ABA functions involved in key physiological processes. However, the genes in this family are still unclear in Lycium (Goji) plants, one of the well-known economically, medicinally, and ecologically valuable fruit crops. In the present work, 12 homologs of Arabidopsis PYL/RCAR ABA receptors were first identified and characterized from Lycium (L.) barbarum (LbPYLs). The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that these genes had clear tissue-specific expression patterns, and most of them were transcribed in the root with the largest amount...

In light of expected climate change, it is important to seek nature-based solutions that can contribute to the protection of our planet as well as to help overcome the emerging adverse changes. In an agricultural context, increasing plant resistance to abiotic stress seems to be crucial. Therefore, the scope of the presented research was focused on the application of botanical extracts that exerted positive effects on model plants growing under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as plants subjected to sorbitol-induced osmotic stress...

Under stress or in optimum conditions, plants foster a specific guild of symbiotic microbes to strengthen pivotal functions including metabolic regulation. Despite that the role of the plant genotype in microbial selection is well documented, the potential of this genotype-specific microbial assembly in maintaining the host homeostasis remains insufficiently investigated. In this study, we aimed to assess the specificity of the foliar metabolic response of contrasting olive genotypes to microbial inoculation with wet-adapted consortia of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), to see if previously inoculated plants with indigenous or exogenous microbes would display any change in their leaf metabolome once being subjected to drought stress...

Rice production is threatened by climate change, particularly heat stress (HS). Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) remobilization is a key physiological mechanism that allows rice plants to cope with HS. To investigate the impact of short-term HS on the remobilization of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) in rice, two cultivars (Huaidao-5 and Wuyunjing-24) were subjected to varying temperature regimes: 32/22/27 °C as the control treatment, alongside 40/30/35 °C and 44/34/39 °C, for durations of 2 and 4 days during the booting, flowering, and combined stages (booting + flowering) within phytotrons across the years 2016 and 2017...

A significant threat to the ongoing rise in temperature caused by global warming. Plants have many stress-resistance mechanisms, which is responsible for maintaining plant homeostasis. Abiotic stresses largely increase gaseous molecules' synthesis in plants. The study of gaseous signaling molecules has gained attention in recent years. The role of gaseous molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), carbon dioxide (CO2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4 ), and ethylene, in plants under temperature high-temperature stress are discussed in the current review...

Chickpea, being an important grain legume crop, is often confronted with the adverse effects of high temperatures at the reproductive stage of crop growth, drastically affecting yield and overall productivity. The current study deals with an extensive evaluation of chickpea genotypes, focusing on the traits associated with yield and their response to heat stress. Notably, we observed significant variations for these traits under both normal and high-temperature conditions, forming a robust basis for genetic research and breeding initiatives...

Climate change threatens food security by affecting the productivity of major cereal crops. To date, agroclimatic risk projections through indicators have focused on expected hazards exposure during the crop's current vulnerable seasons, without considering the non-stationarity of their phenology under evolving climatic conditions. We propose a new method for spatially classifying agroclimatic risks for wheat, combining high-resolution climatic data with a wheat's phenological model. The method is implemented for French wheat involving three GCM-RCM model pairs and two emission scenarios...

Global climate change increases the likelihood of co-occurrence of hot and dry spells with increased intensity, frequency, and duration. Studying the impact of the two stresses provide a better understanding of tolerance mechanisms in wheat, and our study was focused on revealing plant stress responses to different severities of combined stress at two phenophases in old and modern wheat genotypes. During the stem elongation and anthesis stages, plants were exposed to four treatments: control, deficit irrigation, combined heat, and deficit irrigation at 31 °C (HD31) and 37 °C (HD37)...