hemolysis biomarkers

It is known that an inherited blood condition called sickle cell disease (SCD) is a result of one gene. A number of blood and urine biomarkers have been determined in association with lab and clinical history for SCD patients. SCD has numerous interacting pathways associated with it, which have been identified by biomarkers. These mechanisms consist of some examples, such as endothelial vasodilation response, hypercoagulability, hemolysis, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and reperfusion injury among others...

Plasma calprotectin is a promising new biomarker of inflammatory activity and has been found to correlate well with clinical and endoscopic activity in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. A pediatric reference interval for plasma calprotectin has not been established for the Phadia 250 EliA™ Calprotectin fluoroenzyme immunoassay. In studies regarding pre-analytical properties, excellent precision and stability was found. However, sensitivity to hemolysis was demonstrated. We identified pediatric blood samples from apparently healthy children who were referred by their general practitioner for blood sampling including measurement of hemoglobin (Hb) and C-reactive protein (CRP)...

The root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. (Fuzi) is an herbal medicine used in China that exerts significant efficacy in rescuing patients from severe diseases. A key toxic compound in Fuzi, aconitine (AC), could trigger unpredictable cardiotoxicities with high-individualization, thus hinders safe application of Fuzi. In this study we investigated the individual differences of AC-induced cardiotoxicities, the biomarkers and underlying mechanisms. Diversity Outbred (DO) mice were used as a genetically heterogeneous model for mimicking individualization clinically...

BACKGROUND: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with hemolysis. Yet, there is no easily available and frequently measured marker to monitor this hemolysis. However, carboxyhemoglobin (CO-Hb), formed by the binding of carbon monoxide (a product of heme breakdown) to hemoglobin, may reflect such hemolysis. We hypothesized that CO-Hb might increase after cardiac surgery and show associations with operative risk factors and indirect markers for hemolysis. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective descriptive cohort study of data from on-pump cardiac surgery patients...

BACKGROUND: Cardiac injury caused by iron overload is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with beta-thalassemia, owing to frequent blood transfusion, increased iron overload, and blood hemolysis. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to assess several novel cardiac biomarkers in the blood samples of children and adult patients with beta-thalassemia major (βTM), along with their respective control groups. These biomarkers included endothelin 1 (ET-1), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), and renalase (RNLS)...

The diagnosis of endometriosis by laparoscopy is delayed until advanced stages. In recent years, microRNAs have emerged as novel biomarkers for different diseases. These molecules are small non-coding RNA sequences involved in the regulation of gene expression and can be detected in peripheral blood. Our aim was to identify candidate serum microRNAs associated with endometriosis and their role as minimally invasive biomarkers. Serum samples were obtained from 159 women, of whom 77 were diagnosed with endometriosis by laparoscopy and 82 were healthy women...

Lipoprotein X (LP-X) is an abnormal cholesterol-rich lipoprotein particle that accumulates in patients with cholestatic liver disease and familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency (FLD). Because there are no high-throughput diagnostic tests for its detection, a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based method was developed for use on a clinical NMR analyzer commonly used for the quantification of lipoproteins and other cardiovascular biomarkers. The LP-X assay was linear from 89 to 1615 mg/dL (cholesterol units) and had a functional sensitivity of 44 mg/dL...

LentiGlobin, an innovative gene therapy, introduces a modified beta-globin gene that yields an anti-sickling hemoglobin variant. It boosts total hemoglobin levels, mitigates hemolysis, curtails inflammation, and addresses iron overload by reducing transfusion requirements. These changes, in turn, provide insights into disease mechanisms and treatment outcomes. Alterations in serum markers, such as hemoglobin levels and inflammatory biomarkers, can illuminate the therapeutic effectiveness of LentiGlobin and its impact on mitigating complications such as vaso-occlusive crises...

Objective: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a common hereditary hemolytic disease. This study aimed to explore the correlation between the phenotype and mutant genotype of HS to improve the clinical understanding of HS. Methods: This study reported a case of spontaneous mutation of the ANK1 gene in HS, reviewed previous studies on the genotype-phenotype correlation of HS, statistically analyzed the main types of gene mutations in HS, and summarized the clinical data of patients. Results: This patient had clinical manifestations of anemia, splenomegaly, peripheral blood smear with increased spherocytosis, and bilirubin, confirmed as ANK1 gene mutant HS by gene detection...

There is great interest in developing clinical biomarker assays that can aid in non-invasive diagnosis and/or monitoring of human diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological diseases. Yet little is known about the longitudinal stability of miRNAs in human plasma. Here we assessed the intraindividual longitudinal stability of miRNAs in plasma from healthy human adults, and the impact of common factors (e.g., hemolysis, age) that may confound miRNA data. We collected blood by venipuncture biweekly over a 3-month period from 22 research participants who had fasted overnight, isolated total RNA, then performed miRNA qPCR...

Triazoles are among the most widely used fungicides in the world due to their efficacy against fungal crop diseases and their broad spectrum of action. Intensive use of triazoles has resulted in residual contamination in different compartments of agroecosystems and exposes non-target species to potential sublethal effects. Triazoles are known to be immunomodulators in medicine and therapeutic treatments, but very little data is available on their potential effect on immune parameters of non-target vertebrate species living in agroecosystems...

Long Covid is a debilitating condition of unknown etiology. We performed multimodal proteomics analyses of blood serum from COVID-19 patients followed up to 12 months after confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Analysis of >6500 proteins in 268 longitudinal samples revealed dysregulated activation of the complement system, an innate immune protection and homeostasis mechanism, in individuals experiencing Long Covid. Thus, active Long Covid was characterized by terminal complement system dysregulation and ongoing activation of the alternative and classical complement pathways, the latter associated with increased antibody titers against several herpesviruses possibly stimulating this pathway...

The study of liquid biopsy with plasma samples is being conducted to identify biomarkers for clinical use. Exosomes, containing nucleic acids and metabolites, have emerged as possible sources for biomarkers. To evaluate the effectiveness of exosomes over plasma, we analyzed the small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and metabolites extracted from exosomes in comparison to those directly extracted from whole plasma under both fasting and non-fasting conditions. We found that sncRNA profiles were not affected by fasting in either exosome or plasma samples...

This study presents a novel approach to synthesizing silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using a solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method with Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) leaf extract. The NPs were thoroughly characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Selected area electron diffraction (SAED), elucidating their crystal structure. Notably, the synthesized Ag NPs exhibited a significant dose-dependent decline in viability of the MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cell line, with an IC50 value of 13...

The present work investigates a sustainable approach to synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) using an aqueous pulp extract derived from Tamarindus indica . The effective synthesis of MgO NPs was verified by characterizing methods such as UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). These nanoparticles possess small crystallite sizes, distinctive surface shapes, specific elemental compositions, and stabilizing and encapsulating constituents...

The urine concentration impairment responsible for hyposthenuria in sickle cell nephropathy is currently thought to be a consequence of renal medulla lesions, which lead to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of hyposthenuria in patients with sickle cell anemia. We performed an observational study of patients with homozygous SS sickle cell anemia and data available on the fasting plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentration. A total of 55 patients were analyzed...

Sickle Cell Anemia is a disease with a strong vascular tropism. Beyond anemia, the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for hemolysis, directly affect both acute and chronic vascular damages, thus resulting in a systemic disease. Understanding the different types of hemolysis underline the need for novel specific biomarkers. Targeted therapeutic approaches for these pathophysiological pathways are necessary to improve Sickle Cell patients' prognosis. Finally, given its complexity, Sickle Cell Disease is often used as a "proof of concept" for other pathologies...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy disorder associated with chronic hemolysis. A major complication is vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), associating frequent hospitalization, morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hemolysis biomarkers were able to predict VOC risk in adult patients with SCD requiring hospitalization within 1 year. This single-center prospective study included adult patients with SCD at steady state or during VOC. A total of 182 patients with SCD were included, 151 at steady state and 31 during VOC...

BACKGROUND: Autologous blood transfusion is one of the illicit strategies, banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, to increase the levels of hemoglobin, with a consequent improvement in the delivery of oxygen to tissues. At present, this practice is detectable exclusively by the individual, longitudinal monitoring of hematological biomarkers, as in the hematological module of the Athlete Biological Passport; but this indirect approach may suffer from different confounding factors. We are presenting a multi-parametric, analytical strategy to detect autologous blood transfusions by targeting the modification of the red blood cells during storage...

It is now understood that hemolysis and the subsequent release of heme into circulation play a critical role in driving the progression of various diseases. Hemopexin (HPX), a heme-binding protein with the highest affinity for heme in plasma, serves as an effective antagonist against heme toxicity resulting from severe acute or chronic hemolysis. In the present study, changes in HPX concentration were characterized at different stages of hemolytic diseases, underscoring its potential as a biomarker for assessing disease progression and prognosis...