keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502985/efficacy-and-safety-of-tranexamic-acid-in-acute-traumatic-brain-injury-a-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#1
REVIEW
Minzhi Zhang, Tao Liu
INTRODUCTION: Tranexamic acid (TXA) holds a pivotal role in the therapeutic approach to traumatic conditions. Nevertheless, its precise influence on diminishing mortality and limiting the progression of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) during the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains indeterminate. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials that compared TXA and a placebo in adults with TBI up to September 31, 2023...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502952/covid-19-computed-tomography-patterns-in-renal-replacement-therapy-patients
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Assis Lopes do Carmo, Mariana Paiva Oliveira, Anna Luiza Lino Campos, Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto, Lilian Pires de Freitas do Carmo, Tiago Lemos Cerqueira, Camila Alencar Monteiro de Souza, Yan Lopes Goll, Vitor Santos de Souza, Mariana Oliveira Guimarães Vieira, Pedro Alves Soares Vaz de Castro, Pedro Augusto Botelho Lemos, Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
INTRODUCTION: Lung diseases are common in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD), making differential diagnosis with COVID-19 a challenge. This study describes pulmonary chest tomography (CT) findings in hospitalized ESKD patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) with clinical suspicion of COVID-19. METHODS: ESKD individuals referred to emergency department older than 18 years with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 were recruited. Epidemiological baseline clinical information was extracted from electronic health records...
2024: Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia: ʹorgão Oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476458/exploring-the-diagnostic-dilemma-of-indeterminate-pulmonary-nodules-in-patients-with-primary-sarcoma-of-bone
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Babe Westlake, Jeffrey Brown, Jacqueline Hart, Cameron Skiby, Kevin Jones, John Groundland
INTRODUCTION: Bone sarcomas are known to have a predilection for pulmonary metastasis. Surveillance protocols are thus focused on periodic chest imaging, typically with CT scan. Pulmonary nodules can be easily identified with this modality, but smaller nodules are not readily biopsied and may not represent metastatic disease. These are called indeterminate. The natural history of indeterminate nodules in a bone sarcoma population and factors associated with progression to true metastatic disease are not clearly defined...
2024: Sarcoma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463358/percutaneous-ultrasound-guided-coaxial-core-needle-biopsy-for-the-diagnosis-of-multiple-splenic-lesions-a-case-report
#4
Sha-Hong Pu, Wu-Yong-Ga Bao, Zhen-Peng Jiang, Rui Yang, Qiang Lu
BACKGROUND: The overlap of imaging manifestations among distinct splenic lesions gives rise to a diagnostic dilemma. Consequently, a definitive diagnosis primarily relies on histological results. The ultrasound (US)-guided coaxial core needle biopsy (CNB) not only procures sufficient tissue to help clarify the diagnosis, but reduces the incidence of puncture-related complications. CASE SUMMARY: A 41-year-old female, with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, was admitted to our hospital with multiple indeterminate splenic lesions...
February 27, 2024: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415576/contrast-enhanced-ultrasound-of-the-indeterminate-renal-mass-from-the-ajr-how-we-do-it-special-series
#5
REVIEW
Khaled Y Elbanna, Satheesh Krishna, Antonio Finelli, Mostafa Atri
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is distinguished from CT and MRI by the use of microbubble ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) with intravascular blood pool distribution. When performing CEUS, low-intensity ultrasound allows real-time tissue subtraction imaging, whereas high-intensity ultrasound leads to microbubble destruction, enabling visualization of the contrast inflow pattern. CEUS has exceptional contrast resolution that enables the detection of even minimal blood flow, achieving very high NPV for ruling out vascular perfusion and providing high frame rates in the evaluation of tissue perfusion dynamics...
February 28, 2024: AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38362345/clonal-expansion-in-cardiovascular-pathology
#6
REVIEW
Alexander Lin, Mairi Brittan, Andrew H Baker, Stefanie Dimmeler, Edward A Fisher, Judith C Sluimer, Ashish Misra
Clonal expansion refers to the proliferation and selection of advantageous "clones" that are better suited for survival in a Darwinian manner. In recent years, we have greatly enhanced our understanding of cell clonality in the cardiovascular context. However, our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms behind this clonal selection is still severely limited. There is a transpiring pattern of clonal expansion of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells-and, in some cases, macrophages-in numerous cardiovascular diseases irrespective of their differing microenvironments...
January 2024: JACC. Basic to Translational Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361010/discrepancy-between-achieved-and-vendor-predicted-ablation-zones-in-the-lung-contributing-factors
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiwang Xu, Simon P G Padley, Anand Devaraj, Sujal R Desai, Carole A Ridge
PURPOSE: Several factors are known to affect lung ablation zones. Questions remain as to why there are discrepancies between achieved and vendor-predicted ablation zones and what contributing factors can be modified to balance therapeutic effects with avoidance of complications. This retrospective study of lung tumour microwave ablation analyses day 1 post-treatment CT to assess the effects of lesion-specific and operator-dependent factors on ablation zones. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Consecutive patients treated at a tertiary centre from 2018 to 2021 were included...
February 15, 2024: Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38350885/performance-evaluation-of-truenat-mtb-and-truenat-mtb-rif-dx-assays-in-comparison-to-gene-xpert-mtb-rif-ultra-for-the-diagnosis-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis-in-uganda
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Willy Ssengooba, Achilles Katamba, James Sserubiri, Derrick Semugenze, Abdunoor Nyombi, Raymond Byaruhanga, Stavia Turyahabwe, Moses L Joloba
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization endorsed Truenat MTB rapid molecular assay in 2020 and recommended additional in-country evaluation studies before uptake. We evaluated the accuracy and operational feasibility of Truenat MTB assay (Truenat) in comparison with GeneXpert Ultra and culture. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 250 presumptive TB patients, participants were requested to provide a sputum sample on the day of their visit to the clinic. The sputum sample was homogenized and a portion was tested using GeneXpert Ultra as per the routine standard procedure and the other portion was tested using Truenat assay at the clinic laboratory...
February 13, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38346703/the-clinical-significance-of-indeterminate-pulmonary-nodules-in-patients-with-primary-bone-sarcoma-a-systematic-review
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Shihabul Hassan, Sisith Ariyaratne, Christine Azzopardi, Karthikeyan P Iyengar, Arthur Mark Davies, Rajesh Botchu
OBJECTIVE: To report the incidence of Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules (IPN) and the rate of progression of IPN to metastasis in patients with primary bone cancers. We also aimed to evaluate clinical or radiological parameters that may identify IPNs more likely to progress to metastatic disease and their effect on overall or event-free survival in patients with primary bone sarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search of the electronic databases Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library was undertaken for eligible articles on IPNs in patients with primary bone sarcomas, published in the English language from inception of the databases to 2023...
February 12, 2024: British Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38343230/analysis-of-validation-performance-of-a-machine-learning-classifier-in-interstitial-lung-disease-cases-without-definite-or-probable-usual-interstitial-pneumonia-pattern-on-ct-using-clinical-and-pathology-supported-diagnostic-labels
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcello Chang, Joshua J Reicher, Angad Kalra, Michael Muelly, Yousef Ahmad
We previously validated Fibresolve, a machine learning classifier system that non-invasively predicts idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis. The system incorporates an automated deep learning algorithm that analyzes chest computed tomography (CT) imaging to assess for features associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we assess performance in assessment of patterns beyond those that are characteristic features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern. The machine learning classifier was previously developed and validated using standard training, validation, and test sets, with clinical plus pathologically determined ground truth...
January 11, 2024: J Imaging Inform Med
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38326260/measurement-properties-of-the-incremental-step-test-for-people-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-a-cross-sectional-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tânia Gonçalves, João Carlos Winck, Fátima Silva, Cátia Caneiras, António Mesquita Montes, Rui Vilarinho
OBJECTIVES: The new incremental step test (IST) is a field test that was developed for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), based on the characteristics of the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT); however, its measurement properties still need to be determined. We aimed, first, to assess the construct validity (through the comparison with the ISWT), within-day reliability and measurement error of the IST in people with COPD; and, second, to identify whether the participants have a learning effect in the IST...
February 7, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38320547/clonal-hematopoiesis-of-indeterminate-potential-is-associated-with-current-smoking-status-and-history-of-exacerbation-in-patients-with-copd
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jung-Kyu Lee, Hongyul An, Youngil Koh, Chang-Hoon Lee
BACKGROUND: There is limited data regarding the clinical outcomes of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of CHIP as a COPD biomarker. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with COPD who were enrolled prospectively in the Seoul National University Hospital Airway Registry from January 2013 to December 2019 and underwent pulmonary function and blood tests...
February 6, 2024: Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38295549/safety-and-feasibility-comparison-between-three-different-ct-guided-localization-techniques-under-systemic-approach-algorithm
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen-Chi Hsu, Kuei-An Chen, Kuang-Tse Pan, Po-Chun Chang, Ching-Feng Wu, Jui-Ying Fu, Ming-Ju Hsieh, Yun-Hen Liu, Ching-Yang Wu
INTRODUCTION: In the era of lung cancer screening, more and more sub-centimeter indeterminate lung lesions are being identified. It is difficult to approach these lesions and obtain tissue to confirm diagnosis. CT-guided navigation followed by surgical resection is the best way to overcome this difficulty. The aim of this study is to compare the safety and feasibility of wire and dye-tattoo CT-guided localization techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 2019 to August 2021, 418 patients who presented with single lung lesion and received single CT-guided localization were included in this study...
March 2024: European Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287751/the-potential-role-of-artificial-intelligence-assisted-chest-x-ray-imaging-in-detecting-early-stage-lung-cancer-in-the-community-a-proposed-algorithm-for-lung-cancer-screening-in-malaysia
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Sachithanandan, H Lockman, R R Azman, L M Tho, E Z Ban, V Ramon
INTRODUCTION: The poor prognosis of lung cancer has been largely attributed to the fact that most patients present with advanced stage disease. Although low dose computed tomography (LDCT) is presently considered the optimal imaging modality for lung cancer screening, its use has been hampered by cost and accessibility. One possible approach to facilitate lung cancer screening is to implement a risk-stratification step with chest radiography, given its ease of access and affordability...
January 2024: Medical Journal of Malaysia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38247659/ventilation-perfusion-scan-for-diagnosing-pulmonary-embolism-do-chest-x-rays-matter
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas J Conrad, Han X Lau, Stephanie T Yerkovich, Alaa Alghamry, Joseph C Lee
BACKGROUND: Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan coupled with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is commonly used for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). An abnormal chest x-ray (CXR) is deemed to hinder the interpretation of V/Q scan and therefore a normal CXR is recommended prior to V/Q scan. AIMS: To determine if an abnormal CXR impacted on V/Q scan interpretation and subsequent management. METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis of all patients who underwent a V/Q scan for diagnosis of suspected acute PE between March 2016 and 2022 was performed...
January 19, 2024: Nuclear Medicine Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38244554/pet-ct-guided-characterisation-of-progressive-preclinical-tuberculosis-infection-and-its-association-with-low-level-circulating-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-dna-in-household-contacts-in-leicester-uk-a-prospective-cohort-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jee Whang Kim, Karen Bowman, Joshua Nazareth, Joanne Lee, Gerrit Woltmann, Raman Verma, Meedya Sharifpour, Christopher Shield, Catherine Rees, Anver Kamil, Benjamin Swift, Pranabashis Haldar
BACKGROUND: Incipient tuberculosis, a progressive state of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with an increased risk of developing into tuberculosis disease, remains poorly characterised. Animal models suggest an association of progressive infection with bacteraemia. Circulating M tuberculosis DNA has previously been detected in pulmonary tuberculosis by use of Actiphage, a bacteriophage-based real-time PCR assay. We aimed to investigate whether serial [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F]FDG)-PET-CT could be used to characterise the state and progressive trajectory of incipient tuberculosis, and examine whether these PET-CT findings are associated with Actiphage-based detection of circulating M tuberculosis DNA...
January 17, 2024: The Lancet. Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38241853/a-deep-learning-based-algorithm-improves-radiology-residents-diagnoses-of-acute-pulmonary-embolism-on-ct-pulmonary-angiograms
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandre Vallée, Raphaelle Quint, Anne Laure Brun, François Mellot, Philippe A Grenier
PURPOSE: To compare radiology residents' diagnostic performances to detect pulmonary emboli (PEs) on CT pulmonary angiographies (CTPAs) with deep-learning (DL)-based algorithm support and without. METHODS: Fully anonymized CTPAs (n = 207) of patients suspected of having acute PE served as input for PE detection using a previously trained and validated DL-based algorithm. Three residents in their first three years of training, blinded to the index report and clinical history, read the CTPAs first without, and 2 months later with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) output, to diagnose PE as present, absent or indeterminate...
January 17, 2024: European Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38234783/germline-and-somatic-mutations-in-dna-methyltransferase-3a-dnmt3a-predispose-to-pulmonary-arterial-hypertension-pah-in-humans-and-mice-implications-for-associated-pah
#18
Ruaa Al-Qazazi, Isaac M Emon, François Potus, Ashley Y Martin, Patricia D A Lima, Caitlyn Vlasschaert, Kuang-Hueih Chen, Danchen Wu, Asish Das Gupta, Curtis Noordhof, Lindsay Jefferson, Amy J M McNaughton, Alexander G Bick, Michael W Pauciulo, William C Nichols, Wendy K Chung, Paul M Hassoun, Rachel L Damico, Michael J Rauh, Stephen L Archer
BACKGROUND: Mutations are found in 10-20% of idiopathic PAH (IPAH) patients, but none are consistently identified in connective tissue disease-associated PAH (APAH), which accounts for ∼45% of PAH cases. TET2 mutations, a cause of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminant potential (CHIP), predispose to an inflammatory type of PAH. We now examine mutations in another CHIP gene, DNMT3A , in PAH. METHODS: We assessed DNMT3A mutation prevalence in PAH Biobank subjects as compared with controls, first using whole exome sequencing (WES)-derived CHIP calls in 1832 PAH Biobank patients versus 7509 age-and sex-matched gnomAD controls...
December 31, 2023: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38195644/radiomics-analysis-to-predict-pulmonary-nodule-malignancy-using-machine-learning-approaches
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew T Warkentin, Hamad Al-Sawaihey, Stephen Lam, Geoffrey Liu, Brenda Diergaarde, Jian-Min Yuan, David O Wilson, Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra, Benjamin Grant, Yonathan Brhane, Elham Khodayari-Moez, Kiera R Murison, Martin C Tammemagi, Kieran R Campbell, Rayjean J Hung
BACKGROUND: Low-dose CT screening can reduce lung cancer-related mortality. However, most screen-detected pulmonary abnormalities do not develop into cancer and it often remains challenging to identify malignant nodules, particularly among indeterminate nodules. We aimed to develop and assess prediction models based on radiological features to discriminate between benign and malignant pulmonary lesions detected on a baseline screen. METHODS: Using four international lung cancer screening studies, we extracted 2060 radiomic features for each of 16 797 nodules (513 malignant) among 6865 participants...
January 9, 2024: Thorax
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38187855/ct-based-screening-for-pulmonary-metastases-in-head-and-neck-squamous-cell-cancers-diagnostic-accuracy-and-cost-comparison-with-pet-cect
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abhishek Mahajan, Shreya Shukla, Debanjan Nandi, Nilesh Sable, Suman Kumar Ankathi, Richa Vaish, Vasundhara Patil, Arpita Sahu, Kajari Bhattacharya, Ujjwal Agarwal, Prathamesh Pai, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Devendra Chaukar, Kumar Prabhash, Anil D ' Cruz, Asawari Patil, Gouri Pantvaidya, Vanita Noronha, Vijay Patil, Nandini Menon, Shivakumar Thiagarajan, Pankaj Chaturvedi
This study's objective was to compare detection rates of radiograph, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (PET-CECT) for pulmonary metastasis/synchronous primary lung tumors in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) and its association with clinico-radio-pathological factors. Our retrospective study included 837 HNSCC patients from January 2012 to December 2017. Lung nodules were characterized on CT as benign, indeterminate, and metastatic. The true detection rate and statistical significance of associated risk factors were calculated...
December 2023: Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
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